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不同性别及类型直肠癌根治术保留植物神经的疗效分析

Differences in Biological Features Between Male and Female Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Objective To investigate the differences in biological features between male and female patients with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome( OSAHS) . Methods 192 cases of patients with snoring were analyzed in the Sleep Medicine Center of West ChinaHospital fromSeptember 2004 to February 2005. The standard sleep disorder questionnaires, neck circumference, hight, weight, and all night polysomnography ( PSG) were evaluated. The clinical features of the male and female patients with OSAHS were compared. Results 170 cases of patients met the criteria of OSAHS for the apnea-hypopnea index ( AHI) more than 5 times per hour. Male gender accounted for 90% of the total patients ( male vs. female 153 vs. 17, 9∶1) . The age of male patients with OSAHS was younger than that of female ( 45. 7 ±11. 4 yearsvs. 58. 0 ±6. 1 years, P = 0. 000) . Parameters including neck circumference ( 37. 6 ±3. 2 cm vs. 35. 6 ±3. 2 cm, P =0. 000) , waist/hip rate ( 0. 94 ±0. 04 vs. 0. 9 ±0. 06, P = 0. 000) , AHI ( 36. 4 ±25. 7 vs.21. 4 ±17. 4, P =0. 004) , oxygen desaturation index ( 34. 5 ±27. 4 vs. 22. 2 ±20. 8, P =0. 035) , the number of smoking ( 52. 9% vs. 5. 9% , P = 0. 000) and drinking ( 46. 4% vs. 5. 9% , P = 0. 001) were different among the male and female patients with OSAHS. On the other hand, the morning headache ( 70. 6% vs.26. 1%, P = 0. 005) , mouth dry( 76. 5% vs. 47. 7% , P = 0. 025) , bad temper ( 52. 9% vs. 19. 0% , P =0. 004) , and hypertension ( 52. 9% vs. 20. 9% , P =0. 007) were more common in the female patients with OSAHS. Conclusion There are significant differences between male and female patients with OSAHS in prevalence, age, symptoms, and severity of the disease.

STUDY ON EVALUATING SEX DETERMINING REGION OF THE Y AS A ENGRAFTING TRACK OF BMSCs TRANSPLANTATION FOR REPAIRING OSTEONECROSIS OF THE FEMORAL HEAD OF RABBIT

Objective To evaluate sex determining region of the Y (Sry) as a engrafting track of the transplanted BMSCs survival and new bone formation in the osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) of rabbit. Methods Fortynine 4-5-month-old New Zealand White rabbits were included, weighing 2.0-2.5 kg, 48 females and 1 male. BMSCs of the rabbits were isolated by density gradient separation method, the third passage cells were marked by 1, 1’-dioctadecyl-3, 3, 3’, 3’-tetramethyl indocarbocyanine perchlorate (DiI) and the concentration of cell suspension was 2.5 × 108/ mL. The animal model of ONFH were establ ished with 48 female rabbits by injecting l iquid nitrogen, and femoral head was not dislocated.The animal model were divided into 3 groups, 16 rabbits in each group. Group A only establ ished animal model as control. Autologous BMSCs (4 μL) marked by DiI was transplanted in the ONFH models of the group B. Allogenic BMSCs (4 μL) marked by DiI was transplanted in ONFH models of the group C. The femoral head were observed by X-ray, HE staining and Masson staining, and the regenerating trabecular volume percentages was determined at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks after operation respectively. The examples of the heart, lung, l iver, spleen and kidney were obtained. The transplanted BMSCs were traced by fluorescence microscope, the Sry gene expression was detected by PCR for cells survival. Results All rabbits survived till the end of experiment. The X-ray showed gradual necrosis in the femoral head of group A. HE and Masson staining results indicated that compared with the group A, the recovery condition of the necrotic femoral head in the groups B and C was better. At each time of groups B and C, the regenerating trabecular volume percentages were higher than that of the group A significantly (P lt; 0.01). There was no significant difference between groups B and C (P gt; 0.05). The cells marked by DiI were not founded in the tissues of the heart, lung, l iver, spleen and kidney in groups B and C at each time. PCR showed that the expression of Sry gene were not observed at the heart, lung, l iver, spleen and kidney of three groups at each time. The expression of Sry gene was clearly identified in the femoral head of all 16 rabbits in the group C at each time point. Conclusion Allografting of BMSCs transplanted into the femoral head can survive and induce new bone formation without redistribution.

Compare neovascular age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality

Objective To compare neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality. Methods One hundred fourteen nAMD patients (114 eyes) and 145 PCV patients (186 eyes) diagnosed by fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography were enrolled in this retrospective study. The age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality of all the patients were collected. Independent sample t-test, chi;2 test and Fisher's exact test were used to compare the age at diagnosis, gender and disease laterality between nAMD and PCV patients. Results The mean age at diagnosis of nAMD group and PCV group were (68.30plusmn;9.86), (65.67plusmn;9.04) years respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.168, P=0.031). The patients under 70 years old accounts for 50.88% in nAMD group, which is lower than that in PCV group (63.45%), the difference was statistically significant (chi;2 =4.138, P=0.042). The male/female ratio of nAMD group and PCV group were 3.56∶1 and 2.02∶1 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (chi;2 =3.937, P=0.047). Thirty patients (26.32%) and 41 patients (49.46%) were affected unilaterally in nAMD and PCV group, respectively. The difference of bilateral incidence between two groups was not statistically significant (chi;2 =0.123, P=0.726). There were 69 right eyes (47.92%) and 75 left eyes (52.08%) in nAMD group, 92 right eyes (49.46%) and 94 left eyes (50.54%) in PCV group. The difference of disease laterality between two groups was not statistically significant (chi;2 =0.078，P=0.637). Conclusions PCV patients present at younger age than nAMD. nAMD is more prone to affected males than PCV. Nearly a quarter patients are bilateral in nAMD or PCV, there is no difference in bilateral incidence between these two diseases. 

INFLUENCES OF SEX FACTOR ON BEHÇET'S DISEASE

Eighteen male patients and 10 female patients with Bt.Behccedil;et's disease were addressed to study the influences of sex factor on Behccedil;et's disease. It was found that recurrences of uveitis were more frequent in malepatients than in females,and that male patients were worse than females in prognosis due to the high severity of retinal vasculitis and the low sensitivity to treatment.It is pressumed that the sex hormone may, at least in part,contribute to the diffrenees between the male and female patients. （Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1994,10:143-145）

Gender Difference of the Relationship between Serum Uric Acid and Metabolic Syndrome

目的　探讨中老年人群血清尿酸水平与代谢综合征（MS）及其各组分的关系。 方法　采用横断面研究，对2007年49～80岁成都成华区711例人群进行调查，并测量身高、体重、血压、空腹血糖、三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、血清尿酸等指标，采用SPSS 16.0软件分析尿酸与MS及MS各组分之间的关系。 结果　在中老年人群中，MS的发生率为25.60%，高尿酸血症的发生率为21.24%。女性MS、腹型肥胖、高三酰甘油血症和低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症的发生率均明显高于男性。尿酸与腰围、收缩压、三酰甘油、舒张压、高密度脂蛋白水平的相关系数分别为0.311、0.140、0.118、0.106和?0.147，均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男、女性尿酸与腰围的相关系数分别为0.173和?0.321，均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。男、女性尿酸与空腹血糖的相关系数分别为?0.049和0.183，均有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论　血清尿酸水平与MS及其各组分关系密切，血清尿酸水平和MS及其各组分间的关系存在性别差异。

Clinical Research of IgA Nephropathy Associated with Hyperuricemia in Different Gender

目的　探讨不同性别IgA肾病患者合并高尿酸血症的临床及肾脏病理特点。 方法　采用回顾性研究方法，将2008年1月－2010年12月收治的226例经肾活检确诊的原发性IgA肾病患者分为男性高尿酸血症组、男性尿酸正常组、女性高尿酸血症组及女性尿酸正常组4组，统计分析4组的临床指标及病理指标。 结果　高尿酸血症患病率男性（21.7%）高于女性（11.9%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），尿检异常型患病率男性（14.6%）高于女性（4.0%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01），女性LeeⅢ级的患病率（7.1%）高于男性（5.8%），差异有统计学意义（P＜0.01）；男性高尿酸血症组的尿素氮高于尿酸正常组（P＜0.05），女性高尿酸血症组的血尿素氮、血肌酐、胱抑素C、舒张压、甘油三酯比尿酸正常者明显增高（P＜0.01），女性高尿酸血症组的高密度脂蛋白明显高于男性组（P ＜0.01）。 结论　高尿酸血症是IgA肾病的危险因素，可导致更严重的肾功能损害及肾脏病理损害，这种影响在不同性别中存在差异。

Effect of Axial Length and Gender on Maximum Corneal Curvature in Myopia Patients

【摘要】 目的 探讨影响近视患者中央角膜曲率(Kmean)及球镜屈光度的因素。方法 2008年3月—8月，使用角膜地形图测量157例(313眼)近视患者Kmean和角膜后表面高度。用A超测量眼轴长度和中央角膜厚度,验光测出球镜屈光度。分析可能影响Kmean及球镜屈光度的多个因素。其中男79例(157眼),女78例(156眼)；年龄18~45岁,中位年龄20岁。近视病程1～30年。近视球镜屈光度(-5.65±2.74)D。结果 眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度、角膜后表面高度、眼压、Kmean和球镜屈光度分别为:(26.00±1.04)mm、(540.50±31.02)μm、(26.96±6.05)μm、(17.05±2.48)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(43.30±1.46)D、(-5.65±2.27)D。Kmean的影响因素有:眼轴长度(βi=-0.411,P=0.000)、性别(βi=-0.278,P=0.000)、中央角膜厚度(βi=-0.180,P=0.000)[(Kmean(D)=63.9790.599×眼轴长度(mm)-0.813×性别(男=1,女=0)-0.009×中央角膜厚度(μm),R=0.583,F=25.804,P=0.000)]。球镜屈光度的影响因素有:眼轴长度(βi=-0.911,P=0.000)、Kmean(βi=-0.477,P=0.000)和性别(βi=0.183,P=0.000)[球镜屈光度(D)=76.585-1.990×眼轴长度(mm)-0.714×Kmean(D)+0.801×性别(男=1,女=0),R=0.837,F=117.295,P=0.000)]。结论 眼轴长度、中央角膜厚度和性别都对Kmean有影响,眼轴增长是近视的主要原因。

Study on Risk Factors in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy by Different Gender

【摘要】 目的 探讨男性和女性糖尿病肾病患者危险因素之间的差异。方法 收集2004年1月—2008年12月以糖尿病肾病为诊断的住院患者1 300例,根据入院日期以系统的方法随机纳入650例患者,排除20例尿常规正常和血肌酐值正常的患者,共630例,其中男342例,女288例,平均年龄65岁。288例女性患者中有271例为绝经后妇女,平均年龄48岁。比较女性和男性糖尿病肾病患者危险因素的差别。结果 ①绝经后糖尿病肾病患者占女性患者的94.1%；②女性糖尿病肾病患者组收缩压、脉压及糖化血红蛋白水平高于男性糖尿病肾病患者组,两者有统计学意义(Plt;0.05)；③两组患者在发病年龄,病程,糖尿病家族史,空腹血糖水平,低密度脂蛋白,高密度脂蛋白,血肌酐,24 h尿蛋白定量、是否使用血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂,血管紧张素受体拮抗剂,胰岛素,是否透析,死亡率均无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。结论 在女性糖尿病肾病患者中绝经后妇女所占比例较高,女性糖尿病肾病患者收缩压、脉压及糖化血红蛋白水平均高于男性糖尿病肾病患者,雌激素的水平可能导致差异的产生。

Correlation between Coronary Artery Plaque Composition and the Gender via 128-slice Spiral CT Coronary Artery Imaging

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between coronary artery plaque composition and the gender via 128-slice spiral CT coronary angiography (128-SCTCA). MethodsBetween January and December 2012, 143 patients with coronary artery plaque diagnosed by 128-SCTCA were selected. The patients were divided into group A (no more than 50 years old, n=37) and group B (over 50 years old, n=106). ResultsThere were 29 male patients in group A, with 70 plaques including 30 fibrous plaques, 17 mixed plaques, 11 soft plaques, 12 calcified plaques; and the other 8 female patients had 13 plaques including 7 fibrous plaques, 2 mixed plaques, 2 soft plaques, and 2 calcified plaques. In group B, 56 male patients had 116 plaques, including 48 mixed plaques, 40 fibrous plaques, 14 soft plaques and 14 calcified plaques; the other 50 female patients had 90 plaques, including 36 mixed plaques, 22 fibrous plaques, and 16 soft plaques and calcified plaques. The differences of the plaque composition between males and females were not significant both in group A (χ2=0.664, P>0.05) and group B (χ2=3.708, P>0.05). ConclusionThere is no obvious correlation between gender and coronary plaque composition.