目的 分析下肢慢性创伤性骨髓炎患者创面细菌培养分布情况，为临床用药提供依据。 方法 对2006年1月－2010年12月收治的91例慢性骨髓炎患者创面分泌物细菌培养标本结果进行回顾性调查分析。其中男78例，女13例；年龄5～78岁，平均41.3岁。病程47 d～7个月，平均68.6 d。使用抗生素总疗程均＞7 d。 结果 65例创面细菌培养阳性患者共分离出113株病原菌，其中G?菌72株，占63.71%；G+菌41株，占36.28%。药敏结果显示，G+菌对常规青霉素类基本耐药，碳青霉烯类耐药菌株少见，对万古霉素耐药菌株尚未出现。G?菌对青霉素类及头孢菌素类耐药较高，对头孢哌酮－舒巴坦无耐药。 结论 加强对慢性创伤性骨髓炎患者创面病原菌监测极为必要,对临床抗生素的合理使用具有一定的指导意义。Objective To analyze the distribution of cultured bacteria from chronic osteomyelitis patients, and provide a basis for clinical medicine. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the bacterial culture results of the secretions from 91 patients with chronic osteomyelitis treated in our hospital from January 2006 to December 2010. Among them, there were 78 males and 13 females aged from 5 to 78 years averaging at (41.3 ± 8.35) years. The duration of the disease ranged from 47 days to more than 7 months, averaging (68.6 ± 14.57) days. The total course of antibiotic-taking was longer than 7 days for all the patients. Results A total of 113 pathogen strains were isolated from 65 secretion samples, including 72 Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 63.71% and 41 gram-positive bacteria accounting for 36.28%. Drug susceptibility results showed basic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria to conventional penicillin, rare resistance to carbapenem, and no resistance to vancomycin. Gram-negative bacteria were basically resistant to penicillin and cephalosporins, but not resistant to cefoperazone-sulbactam. Conclusion Enhancing the monitoring of pathogens for patients with chronic osteomyelitis is extremely necessary for the rational clinical use of antibiotics.