目的 探讨胰腺结石的临床特点及诊治方法。方法 回顾性分析我院1993年5月至2011年5月期间收治的25例胰腺结石患者的临床资料。结果 本组25例中经手术及EST确诊为胰腺真性结石（胰管结石）5例，胰腺假性结石（胰实质内钙化）20例。X线、B超、CT、ERCP及MRCP诊断符合率分别为40.0%（10/25）、88.0% (22/25)、84.2%(16/19)、88.9% (8/9)和100%（2/2)。手术治疗18例，无手术死亡病例，术后患者腹痛症状均明显减轻或消失，术后3d1例发生胆漏，经充分引流治愈；非手术治疗7例，1例行EST后发生出血，经保守治疗治愈。所有患者均获随访，随访时间9个月～10年，平均5.2年，其中2例合并胰腺癌患者分别于术后9个月和11个月因肿瘤复发和转移死亡，18例手术治疗患者3年内胰管结石复发2例（11.1%），7例非手术治疗患者3年内胰管结石复发2例（28.6%），4例复发患者均经非手术治疗好转。结论 胰腺结石大多继发于慢性胰腺炎，B超为首选诊断方法；手术仍是最有效的治疗手段，手术和内镜十二指肠乳头内切开取石为主的各种治疗方法的联合应用，能提高胰腺结石的疗效。
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between perioperative blood transfusion and hepatic postoperative infection. MethodsOne hundred and thirty patients undergoing hepatic operation were analyzed retrospectively on the relation of perioperative blood transfusion with postoperative infective morbidity and mortality in the period 1989-1999. The patients were divided into blood transfused group and nontransfused group. The major or minor hepatectomy was performed in 53 patients with hepatic malignancy and benign diseases. ResultsIn the blood transfused group, the infective morbidity and perioperative mortality rate was 38.5% and 16.7% respectively, significantly higher than those in nontransfused group (11.5% and 3.8% respectively), P＜0.05. The total lymphocyte count was lower in transfused group than that in nontransfused group. The postoperative antibiotics used time and length of hospital stay were (9.7±4.2) days and (18.7±13.1) days respectively in transfused group than those in nontransfused group (5.3±2.3) days and (12.7±5.2) days respectively. ConclusionThe results suggest that hepatic postoperative infective morbidity and mortality are related with perioperative blood transfusion. Any strategy to reduce blood loss in liver surgery and decrease blood transfusion would be helpful to lower postoperative infective morbidity.