Objective To observe the gamma-glutamyltransferase ( GGT) activity and total antioxidant capacity ( T-AOC) in serum and platelet during the course of community-acquired pneumonia ( CAP) . Methods Ninety cases of hospitalized CAP were recruited from the respiratory wards in the Affiliated Hospital of XuzhouMedical College fromSeptember 2010 to September 2011, and 30 healthy cases who underwent physical examination in the same hospital were enrolled as control. GGT activity and T-AOC were compared between the CAP patients and the control subjects, and also between the CAP patients who developed reactive thrombocytosis ( platelet count gt;300 ×109 /L) and those without thrombocytosis ( platelet count ≤300 ×109 /L) . Results Compared with the control subjects, serumand platelet GGT activity of the CAP patients were significantly higher [ ( 45. 6 ±25. 4) U/L vs. ( 17. 9 ±3. 7 ) U/L, ( 179. 9 ±41. 3) mU/109plt vs. ( 49. 5 ±8. 0) mU/109plt, P lt; 0. 05] , serum T-AOC at admission was significantly lower [ ( 12. 6 ±1. 6) U/mL vs. ( 17. 7 ±2. 1) U/mL, P lt; 0. 05] , and platelet T-AOC at admission was significantly higher [ ( 61. 6 ±18. 3) mU/109plt vs. ( 48. 6 ±9. 9) mU/109 plt, P lt; 0. 05] . Platelet T-AOC of the CAP patients at discharge was significantly lower than that of the CAP patients at admission and the control subjects. Compared with the CAP patients without thrombocytosis, serum T-AOC and serum GGT activity of the CAP patients who developed reactive thrombocytosis were significantly higher( P lt;0. 05) , and platelet T-AOC and platelet GGT activity were both significantly lower ( P lt; 0. 05) . There were negative correlations of the platelet count with platelet T-AOC and GGT activity in the CAP patietns( r = - 0. 316,P =0.003; r = - 0. 318, P =0. 002) . Conclusions There is a correlation between the oxidative stress and the platelet function in the inflammatory process of CAP. There might be an indicative role of platelets in resolving the inflammatory process and in maintaining the oxidative-antioxidative balance.
Objective To review the treatment methods and techniques of ischemia-reperfusion injury of flap. Methods Recent basic research l iterature concerning ischemia-reperfusion injury of flap was reviewed and analyzed in terms of treatment techniques. Results Ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the leading causes of flap necrosis postoperatively. Interventions against any l ink of the ischemia-reperfusion injury progress could effectively reduce the damageand improve the survival rate of flaps. Conclusion Including production of reactive oxygen species, neutrophil infiltrationetc are thought to be the main mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Treatment including medicine administration and physical intervention against any specific l ink of ischemia-reperfusion injury can interfere or block the whole progress, which reduce the damage of ischemia-reperfusion injury and improve the survival rate of animal flap models eventually.
【摘要】 目的 探讨中成药参附注射液对大鼠深Ⅱ度烧伤创面愈合的影响。 方法 选用16只Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠，随机分为实验组、对照组，每组各8只，建立20%体表面积深Ⅱ度烫伤模型。烫伤后即刻及此后每天，实验组大鼠以参附注射液20 mL/kg腹腔注射给药，1次/d，连续给药5 d；对照组给予注射等剂量的生理盐水。分别于致伤后的7、14 d取创面组织块，光学显微镜观察成纤维细胞及胶原纤维生长情况，电子显微镜观察致伤后14 d成纤维细胞细胞器情况，分别计算烧伤后第7、14天两组的创面愈合率，并观察比较两组创面愈合的时间。 结果 所有选入实验的SD大鼠均存活至实验结束。实验组、对照组术后第7天创面愈合率分别为（36.34±2.55）%及（33.13±2.62）%，两组差异有统计学意义（t=2.486，P=0.027）；实验组、对照组术后第14天创面愈合率分别为（75.71±2.29）%及（72.36±2.85）%，两组差异有统计学意义（t=2.590，P=0.022）；实验组、对照组创面愈合时间分别为（20.88±1.36）、（22.94±2.16） d，两组差异有统计学意义（t=-2.286，P=0.0395）。伤后7、14 d创面组织块切片光学显微镜观察发现，实验组肉芽组织及胶原纤维较多，排列更有序，表皮基底细胞增殖活跃，炎症反应较轻；伤后14 d时电子显微镜观察发现，实验组成纤维细胞的细胞器更丰富，分泌胶原更多，实验组创面愈合情况优于对照组。 结论 腹腔注射参附注射液可以促进烧伤创面的愈合，其可能的机制为清除氧自由基，抗脂质过氧化。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the effect of Shenfu injection on promoting healing of deep partial-thickness burn wound in rats. Methods Sixteen Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly selected, and deep partial-thickness burn with 20% of the body surface was inflicted. The rats were randomly divided into experimental group and control group with eight in each group. Rats in the experimental group were treated with abdominal injection of Shenfu injection at a dose of 20 mL/(kg•d) for five days continually, and rats in the control group were treated with the same dose of 0.9% saline solution. The growth of granulation tissue and collagen fibers were evaluated under light microscope at the seventh and the fourteenth day. The growth of fibroblast was observed under transmission electron microscope at the fourteenth day. The cure rate of both groups of rats at the seventh and fourteenth day was calculated. Then we compared their healing time and the cure rate of the traumatic wound respectively. Results All rats had survived until wound healing. The cure rate at the seventh day for the experimental group and the control group was (36.34±2.55)% and (33.13±2.62)%, and their difference was statistical (t=2.486, P=0.027); At the fourteenth day, the cure rate was respectively (75.71±2.29)% and (72.36±2.85)% with a significant difference between each other (t=2.590, P=0.022). The healing time of the experimental group (20.88±1.36) was significantly shorter than that of the control group (22.9±2.16) (t=-2.286, P=0.040). At the seventh and fourteenth day, light microscope observation showed that the growth of granulation tissue and collagen fibers for rats in the experimental group were much more than that in the control group, the basale cell proliferation was more active, and inflammation was slighter. Through transmission electron microscope, we observed more fibroblast and collagen in the experimental group, which showed a better cure than the control group. Conclusion Shenfu injection can significantly promote wound healing of deep partial-thickness burn. It may possibly get this effect through anti-oxidation.
Objective To investigate the protective effect of melatonin on rat liver injury induced by bile duct ligation. Methods Sixty-four rats were randomly divided into four groups：control group （CN group， n=16）， shamoperation group （SO group， n=16）， bile duct ligation group （BDL group， n=16）， and bile duct ligation with melatonin injection （BDL＋MT group， n=16）. The model of obstructive jaundice was done by ligation of the common bile duct. Melatonin was injected daily （0.5 mg/kg） via peritoneal cavity from 1 d before the operation to 7 d following oper-ation. On day 4 and 8 after the ligation， the plasma levels of total bilirubin （TBIL）， alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate aminotransferase （AST）， gamma glutamyl transferase （GGT）， and alkaline phosphatase （AKP） were measured by routine methods. Malonaldehyde （MDA）， superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione （GSH）， catalase （CAT）， and glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） in the liver tissue were determined by spectrophtometry， too. Hepatocytes apoptosis was analyzed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxynuridine triphosphate nick-end labeling （TUNEL） assay. Results Compared with the CN group and SO group， the levels of TBIL， ALT， AST， GGT， and AKP in the plasma， the content of MDA in the liver tissue， and the apoptosis index （AI） in the hepatocyte markedly increased （P＜0.05， P＜0.01）， the content of GSH and the activities of SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px in the liver tissue markedly decreased（P＜0.01） in the BDL group. Compared with the BDL group， the levels of TBIL， ALT， AST， GGT， and AKP in the plasma， the content of MDA in the liver tissue， and the AI in the hepatocyte markedly decreased （P＜0.01）， the content of GSH and the activities of SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px in the liver tissue markedly increased （P＜0.01） in the BDL＋MT group. In the BDL group， the level of MDA in the liver tissue and the levels of TBIL， ALT， AST， GGT， and AKP were positively correlated （P＜0.01）， the content of GSH and the activities of SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px in the liver tissue and TBIL， ALT， AST， GGT， and AKP were negatively correlated （P＜0.01）. The level of MDA in the liver tissue and AI in the hepatocyte was positively correlated （P＜0.01）. The content of GSH and the activities of SOD， CAT， and GSH-Px in the liver tissue and AI were negatively correlated （P＜0.01）. Conclusions The participation of free radical of oxygen in the pathogenesis and severity of cholestasis produced by the acute obstruction of the extra-hepatic biliary duct is likely. The result of the present study indicates that melatonin exerts a protective effect on cholestatic liver injury in rats with BDL. The mechanism of melatonin’s protection on hepatocyte may be through its antioxidant action and by inhibiting hepatocyte apoptosis.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of anti-oxidative treatment in cats with pancreaticobiliary maljunction. Methods Thirteen healthy cats as control group were made a model that resembling the common channel of pancreaticobiliary maljunction as in humans，and were divided randomly into two groups：7 cats in untreated group were not treated，6 cats in anti-oxidative group were treated with melatonin，vitamin C， and vitamin E. Six months later， the gallbladders of these animals were removed and histopathological changes were evaluated by pathological and electron microscopic examination. The level of MDA，amylase concentration in the gallbladder bile，and percentage of proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PNCA） positive cells were also test. Results All cats had survived for 6 months after operation. The wall of gallbladder and the bile became thicker in untreated group than that in normal control group， and there were no significant differences between untreated group and anti-oxidative group. The gallbladder epithelium became villous in appearance in untreated group，although the epithelium of that in normal control group was flat with few folds. The epithelial cells of gallbladder arranged tightly in normal control group， while a significant change such as endoplasmic reticulum expanding， intercellular space broadening， and cellular nucleus deforming were observed in untreated group. The things in anti-oxidative group were better than untreated group. The amylase concentration in the gallbladder bile was （203.02±65.04）U in normal control group，（9 368.09±2 204.42） U in untreated group， and（8 746.25±2 077.95） U in anti-oxidative group， respectively. The amylase concentration in untreated group and anti-oxidative group were higher than that in normal control group （P=0.003），and there was no significant difference between the untreated group and anti-oxidative group （P=0.642）. The percentage of PNCA positive cells was （7.29±2.70）% in normal control group，（54.71±10.90）% in untreated group, and （48.17±13.06）% in anti-oxidative group， respectively （F=48.11，P=0.001），and the percentage of PNCA positive cells in untreated group was higher than that in anti-oxidative group （P=0.001）. The level of MDA was （1.095±0.653） nmol/mg prot in normal control group，（2.745±1.533） nmol/mg prot in untreated group, and （1.302±0.771） nmol/mg prot in anti-oxidative group， respectively （F=5.17，P=0.017）, and the level of MDA in untreated group was higher than that in anti-oxidative group （P=0.017）. Conclusion The anti-oxidative treatment is effective to pancreaticobiliary maljunction.
Objective To explore changes of 3’-glutamylcysteine synthetase( γ-GCS)and reduced glutathione(GSH)in patients with bronchial asthma．Methods Ten patients with acute asthma were enrolled and treated for six weeks according to guideline recommendations．Levels of -GCS，GSH and malondialdehyde(MDA)in total cells in induced sputum and GSH，MDA，reactive oxygen(ROS)in selum were measured and compared before and after therapy．Ten healthy volunteers were as normal contro1．Meanwhile，the pulmonary function(FEVl％pred)was measured and asthmatic symptoms were quantified using Hogg’s way．Results A．In serum and sputum of the asthma patients，GSH were lower and MDA were higher before treatment than those of the control(Plt;0．01)．And -GCS in induced sputumwere higher before treatment than those of contro1．B．After treated for six weeks．levels of GSH in serum and sputum of the asthma patients increased copmpared to baseline(all Plt;0．01)，but were still lower than that of control(Plt;0．05)．Activities of MDA in serum and sputum and -GCS in sputum were elevated compared to baseline(Plt;0．01)，but still higher than that of control(all Plt;0．05)．C．Levels of GSH in serum of all patients were correlated negatively witll asthmatic symptom scores and levels of MDA and ROS(r=－0.701，－0.901，－0.878；Plt;0.05，lt;0.01，lt;0.01)．There was a positive relationship between levels ofGSH in serum and FEV1％pred(r=0．854，Plt;0．01)．In induced sputum，activities of 3’-GCS in all patients was correlated positively with their asthmatic symptom scores and level of MDA f r=0．804，0.926；Plt;0.05，lt;0.叭)．Conclusion γ-GCS and GSH may participate the reaction of
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of CoQ10 for idiopathic oligoasthenoteratozoospermia (iOAT). MethodsWe searched databases including PubMed, EMbase, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data from inception to May 31th 2016 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on CoQ10 in the treatment of iOAT. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software. ResultsSeven RCTs involving 803 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed, compared with the control group, the CoQ10 group could significantly increase sperm concentration (MD=3.37, 95%CI 0.68 to 6.05, P=0.01), the number of A grade spermatozoa (MD=5.06, 95%CI 3.84 to 6.28, P < 0.000 01), the number of A+B grade spermatozoa (MD=7.72, 95%CI 4.19 to 11.26, P < 0.000 1), the rate of morphologically normal sperm (MD=1.89, 95%CI 0.63 to 3.16, P=0.003) and sperm coenzyme Q10 level (MD=40.02, 95%CI 24.73 to 55.31, P < 0.000 01), while not improve the levels of serum sex hormone (FSH: MD=–3.48, 95%CI –5.17 to –1.79, P < 0.000 1; LH: MD=–3.23, 95%CI –7.55 to 1.08, P=0.14; T: MD=0.45, 95%CI –3.31 to 4.20, P=0.82). No significant difference in adverse event was noted between two groups. ConclusionThe evidence suggests that CoQ10 as empiric medical therapy for iOAT with low non-serious adverse event associated, may improve sperm concentration and percent sperm motility. However, the strength of evidence is low due to high risk of bias of the included studies. More rigorous studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo detect the level of oxidative stress markers in serum, including malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls (PC), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC), in patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and explore the impacts of oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in pathogenesis of COPD. MethodsTwo hundred stable COPD patients (the COPD group) and 100 healthy individuals (the control group) were recruited in the study. The concentrations of MDA, PC, 8-OHdG and TAC in serum were detected. Pulmonary function test was performed and the general informations for each subjects were collected. The COPD patients were divided into a smoking subgroup and a non-smoking subgroup, or divided into a mild-moderate airflow limitation subgroup and a severe-extremely severe airflow limitation subgroup. ResultsThe levels of serum MDA, PC and 8-OHdG in the COPD group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P < 0.01), but the level of serum TAC was significantly lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). In the COPD patients, the levels of PC and 8-OHdG in the smoking subgroup were significantly higher than those in the non-smoking subgroup (both P < 0.05). The level of PC in the severe-extremely severe airflow limitation subgroup was significantly higher when compared with the mild-moderate airflow limitation subgroup (P < 0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the levels of PC and 8-OHdG were negatively related with FEV1% pred in the COPD patients, and the PC had greater impacts than 8-OHdG (β=-0.230, -0.219, P < 0.01). ConclusionSmoking can induce the abnormal increase of PC and 8-OHdG in serum which are negatively related with FEV1% pred in COPD patients, which suggests that oxidative stress might play an important role in pathogenesis of COPD.