【摘要】 目的 总结甲状腺功能亢症（甲亢）患者131I治疗中的护理特点及经验。 方法 2008年1-8月对收治的184例行131I治疗的甲亢患者，依据131I治疗特点采取针对性的护理措施：心理上帮助其消除紧张焦虑的情绪，饮食方面指导禁食碘物，并密切观察病情及预防甲亢危象，对服药中出现的一些不适症状及时对症处理。 结果 184例经131I治疗的甲亢患者3～6个月病情痊愈和缓解153例（83.15%），甲亢复发22例（11.96%），甲状腺功能减退症发生9例（4.89%）。 结论 有效对症的护理措施是甲亢患者积极配合治疗，早日获得康复的重要因素。【Abstract】 Objective To summarize the nursing characteristics and experience for the patients with hyperthyroidism treated by 131I. Methods A total of 184 patients with hyperthyroidism underwent 131I treatment between January and August 2008 were included. We took care of the patients according to the therapeutic features of 131I treatment: helped them calm down, advised not eating iodine-containing food, observed the disease condition and dealt with the discomfort after medicated. Results In 184 patients with hyperthyroidism treated by 131I treatment for three to six months, 153 (83.15 %) were cured, 22 (11.96 %) recurred, and 9 (4.89 %) had hypothyroidism. Conclusion Comprehensive nursing is a key point to make the patients with hyperthyroidism cooperate and recover.