Methodological quality and transferability will be important issues for the credibility and usefulness of both published studies and administrative methods for evaluating the socio-economic value of marketed medicines in China. This paper critically examines factors commonly contributing to, or inhibiting, the quality and transferability of socio-economic evidence of the value of medicines, with specific reference to the Chinese community. It discusses appropriate approaches to design, performance, and reporting of published economic evaluation studies, as well as guides on assessment of quality of economic evaluations and recommends two internationally established methods that may be suitable for training in this setting.
目的 探讨经阴道B型超声（B超）在诊断早期宫外孕中的临床应用价值。 方法 回顾分析2011年5月－2012年3月应用阴道B超与腹部B超对78例宫外孕患者进行对比检查的临床资料并回顾性分析，评价两种检查方法的临床效果。 结果 78例宫外孕患者，应用经阴道B超检查诊断准确率为97.44%，应用腹部B超准确率为61.54%，差异具有统计学意义（χ2=6.472，P＜0.05）；经阴道B超检查诊断附件包块、宫内假孕囊、心血管搏动、胚芽、盆腔积液的检出率明显高于经腹部B 超检查的检出率（P＜0.05）。 结论 阴道B超具有操作简单、快速、无副作用、无需充盈膀胱等优点，在宫外孕的早期诊断中具有绝对的优越性，为临床提供了更方便、更快捷的诊断手段，减轻了患者痛苦，提高了诊断的准确率，值得临床广泛推广和应用。
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical effectiveness of two kinds of treatment methods to nurse wound after tracheotomy. MethodsWe collected 108 cases and randomly divided them into two groups between March 2012 and May 2013. The experimental group (n=52) received tracheotomy care with PermaFoam dressing, while the control group (n=56) was treated with traditional sterile absorbent gauze. We analyzed the differences in terms of infection of wound, errhysis and frequency of dressing changes between the two groups. ResultsThe experimental group had a lower rate of wound infection than the control group (P<0.05). Moreover, the experimental group was superior to the control group in the total number of dressing changes, wound redness and oozing (P<0.05). ConclusionPermaFoam dressing can reduce wound complications and frequency of dressing changes effectively. It is easy to operate, and can reduce the workload of clinical nursing, and deserves clinical application.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of 5% dextrose intravenous infusion for phlebitis caused by amiodarone. MethodsA total of 136 patients treated in our hospital between June 2011 and March 2012 were randomly assigned into control group with 63 patients and intervention group with 73 patients. The control group was administrated 600 mg amiodarone with 15 drops/minute intravenous injection once daily, for 3 days, while for the intervention group patients, we added 5% dextrose solution infusion in the same channel at the same time. ResultsPhlebitis occurred in 22 patients (34.9%) in the control group, while the intervention group had only 11 (15.0%) (χ2=7.252,P=0.007). ConclusionInfusion of 5% dextrose solution can significantly reduce the occurrence of phlebitis caused by amiodarone.