Objective To investigate the characteristics of ultrasonogram of eyes with silicon oil tamponade. Methods Forty-seven patients (47 eyes) who had undergone the operation of silicon-oil removing were examined by A-(to determine the length of ocular axis) and B-scan before and after the operation respectively. The length of ocular axis and cubage of vitreous chamber were detected and the characteristics of the ultrasonograms were observed according to the default parameters of ultrasonograph. Results The results of A-scan showed that the preoperative axial length was 1.465 times of the postoperative one in the eyes without lens, and 1.284 times in eyes with lens; after modified the parameter according to the acoustic velocity, the preoperative axial length was (0.78±0.34) mm longer than the postoperative one in the eyes without lens, and (0.56±0.32) mm in eyes with lens. The results of A-scan showed that the cubage of vitreous chamber enlarged obviously in eyes with silicon oil tamponade, and the acoustic features included complete filling and partial filling according to the amount of silicon oil. Several arc echoes at the posterior segment of eye were detected in the silicon-oil-filling eyes with retinal detachment. Conclusion In the silicon-oil-filling eyes with lengthened ocular axis, the characteristics of B-scan images are affected by acoustic velocity through silicon oil, the amount of silicon oil capacity and the emulsification of silicon oil. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：349-351)
At present, artificial intelligence (AI) has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of various ophthalmological diseases, but there are still many problems. Due to the lack of standardized test sets, gold standards, and recognized evaluation systems for the accuracy of AI products, it is difficult to compare the results of multiple studies. When it comes to the field of image generation, we hardly have an efficient approach to evaluating research results. In clinical practice, ophthalmological AI research is often out of touch with actual clinical needs. The requirements for the quality and quantity of clinical data put more burden on AI research, limiting the transformation of AI studies. The prediction of systemic diseases based on fundus images is making progressive advancement. However, the lack of interpretability of the research lower the acceptance. Ophthalmology AI research also suffer from ethical controversy due to unconstructed regulations and regulatory mechanisms, concerns on patients’ privacy and data security, and the risk of aggravating the unfairness of medical resources.
The improvement of diagnostic levels for fundus diseases depend on the advancements of fundus imaging technology. Different fundus imaging technologies allow doctors to inspect ocular fundus from different aspects such as morphological or functional changes of retina. As a basic fundus examination method, optical coherence tomography provides highresolution and crosssectional retinal images coupled with noninvasive advantages. Fully understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each fundus imaging technique, appropriate choosing one or combining several imaging techniques, and optimizing diagnostic procedures for each fundus disease are crucial steps to improve our diagnostic levels of ocular fundus diseases.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has developed from time-doma in into Fourier-domain OCT (FD-OCT) which indicates clearer details and higher resolution of images. FD-OCT can indicate the structure and pathological changes of each retinal layer, and reveal the retinal external limiting membranes and changes of inner- and outer-segment of visual cells by 3D solid reconstruction. FD-OCT not only provide detailed information of the images for the clinical diagnosis, but also help us investigting the characteristics and pthological mechanisms of ocular fundus diseases, which lead us to a new era of technology of observation on ocualr fundus diseases. In the application, we should pay attention to the significance of different colors of OCT images, and focus on the cohenrence of the position in the image acquistion during the follow-up period. Dynamic observation on the lesions by FD-OCT and aggregated anaylsis of resutls of several imageological examination would be the development direction of imageological examination of ocular fundus diseases.
ObjectiveTo observe the demographic data, disease composition and convenience of remote consultation in ophthalmology. MethodsA retrospective study. From 2015 to 2021, the demographic data, changing trends, disease classification of teleconsultation patients, and hospitals participating in teleconsultation, and the waiting time of patients for teleconsultation was analyzed retrospectively; remote consultation physician level composition and other data was analyzed. ResultsDuring the 7-year period, 1 216 patients with remote consultation were obtained through the platform of the telemedicine center. Among them, there were 680 males and 536 females; the average age was 50.8 years. In 2016 and 2017, the number of patients participating in telemedicine consultations reached a peak of 260 and 221 cases, respectively. Among the ophthalmic diseases, there were 490 cases (40.30%, 490/1 216) of retinal and optic nerve-related diseases, 212 cases (17.43%, 212/1 216) of ocular trauma. 678 cases (56.27%, 678/1 205) of remote consultation waiting time were less than 24 hours, 991 cases (82.24%, 991/1 205) were less than 48 hours. Among the physicians who participated in the remote consultation, there were 733 chief physicians (60.3%, 733/1 216) and 466 deputy chief physicians (38.3%, 466/1 216). ConclusionsDuring the seven-year period from 2015 to 2021, there are relatively few patients with ophthalmology teleconsultation; retinal and optic nerve-related diseases accounted for a high proportion. Remote consultation has high convenience.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical application effect of descending hilar plate technology in laparoscopic heminephrectomy for intrahepatic bile duct calculus.MethodsThe clinical data of 40 patients with intrahepatic bile duct calculus who underwent laparoscopic heminephrectomy in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were grouped according to different surgical procedures, 21 patients with Pringle method of total hepatic vascular exclusion were classified in the control group, and 19 patients with descending hilar plate technology of blood occlusion technology were classified in the observation group. The operation time, intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative hospital stays, liver function recovery, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the intraoperative bleeding volume and operation time (P>0.05), but the postoperative hospital stays in the observation group shortened (P=0.025). The changes on the ALT, TB, and AST in the observation group was obvious than those of the control group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant incidence between the two groups in the total incidence of complications (P=0.128).ConclusionsCompared with Pringle method of total hepatic vascular exclusion, descending hilar plate technology in laparoscopic heminephrectomy can fully expose the Glisson pedicles of the left and right livers, and it is convenient to implement hemihepatic blood flow occlusion. It has less damage to healthy side of the liver and quicker liver function recovery, and it can reduce postoperative complications and shorten postoperative hospital stay.
Inherited eye disease is a heterogeneous group of eye disorders caused by genetic defects, which has many genetic characteristics, such as multiple inheritance modes and numerous gene variation types. Over the past few decades, genetic testing has improved significantly, with more and more known disease-causing gene variants identified. With the rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technology, clinical diagnosis and treatment of eye genetic diseases have been accelerated, and molecular diagnosis of eye genetic diseases has become an important step in accurate diagnosis and treatment. How to correctly select and evaluate each kind of genetic testing technology, reasonably standardize the use of genetic testing technology, and provide patients with more accurate genetic counseling are problem that clinicians need to seriously consider.