【Abstract】Objective To investigate the influent factors on normal intraabdominal pressure （IAP） and establish the IAP regressive equation. Methods The IAPs of 106 hospitalized patients were determined through monitoring the bladder pressures. The relationship between IAP and 14 factors including age, gender, height, weight, body mass index （BMI）, previous and recent abdominal surgical history, reasons for admission，complications and their quantities were analyzed，respectively.Results The mean IAP of the hospitalized patients was 5.5 mm Hg with a range from 0.4 mm Hg to 12.8 mm Hg. The difference among IAPs of different grades of BMIs had statistical significance （F=5.550，P＜0.01）. The male IAPs were 2.0 mm Hg higher than the female IAPs，which had statistical significance （t=3.122，P＜0.01）. The other 12 factors had no significant effects on IAP （Pgt;0.05）. Conclusion Normal IAP is possibly influenced by gender and BMI，and it is individually different.
The improvement of diagnostic levels for fundus diseases depend on the advancements of fundus imaging technology. Different fundus imaging technologies allow doctors to inspect ocular fundus from different aspects such as morphological or functional changes of retina. As a basic fundus examination method, optical coherence tomography provides highresolution and crosssectional retinal images coupled with noninvasive advantages. Fully understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of each fundus imaging technique, appropriate choosing one or combining several imaging techniques, and optimizing diagnostic procedures for each fundus disease are crucial steps to improve our diagnostic levels of ocular fundus diseases.
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has developed from time-doma in into Fourier-domain OCT (FD-OCT) which indicates clearer details and higher resolution of images. FD-OCT can indicate the structure and pathological changes of each retinal layer, and reveal the retinal external limiting membranes and changes of inner- and outer-segment of visual cells by 3D solid reconstruction. FD-OCT not only provide detailed information of the images for the clinical diagnosis, but also help us investigting the characteristics and pthological mechanisms of ocular fundus diseases, which lead us to a new era of technology of observation on ocualr fundus diseases. In the application, we should pay attention to the significance of different colors of OCT images, and focus on the cohenrence of the position in the image acquistion during the follow-up period. Dynamic observation on the lesions by FD-OCT and aggregated anaylsis of resutls of several imageological examination would be the development direction of imageological examination of ocular fundus diseases.
Purpose To investigate the association between the macular volume and thickness, as assessed by optical coherence tomography (OCT), with refraction state and axial length (AL) in children. Methods A total of 100 normal children whose right eyes were randomly selected were divided into five groups due to their refraction, comprising hyperopia, emmetropia, low myopia, moderate myopia, high myopia. The AL of the eyes was measured by IOL mas ter measuring machine. Then the macular volume and thickness were measured by OCT. Results Children with high myopia have smaller macular volume and thinner parafoveal retinal thickness (especially out-ring macular). The minimum thickness and average thickness of the fovea were not significantly different among the five groups. The macular volume ,total average macular thickness and quadrant-specific macular thickness(except the nasal inner quadrants) were positively associated with refraction and negatively associated with AL, while t here were no correlation between minimum foveal thickness, the average foveal th ickness and refraction or AL. Conclusions In Chinese children, increasing axial length was associated with reduced macular volume and thickness (except the foveal region and the nasal inner quadrant). (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2008,24:114-117)
In recent years, more and more new diagnostic and examining techniques are popularized, which improves the level of ocular fundus disease diagnosis and treatment. Because of the uneven distribution of diagnostic and therapeutic instruments resources, low level of application techniques, and different professional level of the doctors, the improvement and development of the application of the equipments and level of the diagnosis and treatment were inhibited. Appropriate understanding and applying basic diagnostic techniques of ocular fundus disease and comprehensive promoting the professionalsprime; levels are an urgent problem needs to be solved.
Objective To investigate the characteristics of ultrasonogram of eyes with silicon oil tamponade. Methods Forty-seven patients (47 eyes) who had undergone the operation of silicon-oil removing were examined by A-(to determine the length of ocular axis) and B-scan before and after the operation respectively. The length of ocular axis and cubage of vitreous chamber were detected and the characteristics of the ultrasonograms were observed according to the default parameters of ultrasonograph. Results The results of A-scan showed that the preoperative axial length was 1.465 times of the postoperative one in the eyes without lens, and 1.284 times in eyes with lens; after modified the parameter according to the acoustic velocity, the preoperative axial length was (0.78±0.34) mm longer than the postoperative one in the eyes without lens, and (0.56±0.32) mm in eyes with lens. The results of A-scan showed that the cubage of vitreous chamber enlarged obviously in eyes with silicon oil tamponade, and the acoustic features included complete filling and partial filling according to the amount of silicon oil. Several arc echoes at the posterior segment of eye were detected in the silicon-oil-filling eyes with retinal detachment. Conclusion In the silicon-oil-filling eyes with lengthened ocular axis, the characteristics of B-scan images are affected by acoustic velocity through silicon oil, the amount of silicon oil capacity and the emulsification of silicon oil. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2004，20：349-351)