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find Keyword "新生儿" 147 results
  • Open heart operation on neonates with critical congenital heart disease 推荐 CAJ下载 PDF

    Objective To summarize the experience of open heart operation on neonates with critical and complex congenital heart diseases and evaluate the methods of perioperative management. Methods From May 2001 to January 2003, 12 patients of neonates with congenital heart diseases underwent emergency operation. Their operating ages ranged from 6 to 30 days, the body weights were 2.8 to 4.5 kg. Their diagnoses included D-transposition of the great arteries in 4 cases, ventricular septal defect with atrial septal defect in 5 cases, complete atrioventricular septal defect, obstructed supracardiac total anomalous pulmonary venous drainage and cardiac rhabdomyomas in 1 case respectively. 12 cases were operated under moderate or deep hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Results All cases were observed in ICU for 2-11 days and discharged 7-19 days after operation. The postoperative complications included low cardiac output, mediastinal infection, respiratory distress syndrome, systemic capillary leak syndrome and acute renal failure. All cases were cured and the follow-up (from 6 months to 2 years) showed satisfactory outcome. Conclusion A particular cardiopulmonary bypass and proper perioperative management is very important to ensure the successful outcome. Peritoneal dialysis is an effective and safe method for treating acute renal failure after cardiac operation in neonates.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Application of Auditory Brainstem Response in the Hearing Loss and Prognosis Research on Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy

    Objective Application of auditory brainstem response (ABR) in the study on the relationship of neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and the children with hearing loss and auxiliary determine the prognosis of encephalopathy. Methods We prospectively selected neonates diagnosed as HIE in the department of neonatology of the Chengdu Women and Children Central Hospital from January, 2006 to June, 2008. Neonatal ABR was tested and the prognosis of neonates were observed through 3-year followed up in order to analyze the relationship between HIE severity and the severity of hearing handicap and the relationship between the severity of hearing handicap and prognosis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 18.0. χ2 test was used to compare the rate between groups. Results 40 cases involving 80 ears were included, of which 33 cases accomplished the 3-year follow-up for prognosis. The results showed that, 86.3% HIE neonates had hearing handicap (mainly mild hearing loss, 40.0%). Medium-severe HIE groups had more serious hearing handicap than Mild HIE group with a statistical significance (continuity correction χ2=7.383, P=0.007). ABR results showed that, mild HIE is mainly manifested as I wave PL prolonged or poorly differentiated, accounting for 78.1%; medium - severe HIE are mainly manifested as III and V wave PL prolonged central segment abnormalities, accounting for 95.8%; the hearing threshold no more than 60 dB group had better prognosis than the hearing threshold more than 60 dB group prognosis (Fisher exact probability P=0.001). Conclusion ABR reflects that HIE severity and was positively related to the severity of hearing handicap. The more serious hearing loss in neonates is, the worse prognosis the neonates have. ABR can be used to assist the assessment of the prognosis of neonatal HIE.

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  • Evidence-Based Treatment for a Newborn with Meconium Aspiration Syndrome Combined with Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension

    Objective To make an individualized treatment plan concerning a newborn with meconium aspiration syndrome combined with persistent pulmonary hypertension. Methods Based on the clinical questions raised by a newborn with meconium aspiration syndrome combined with persistent pulmonary hypertension, we searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2009), MEDLINE (1980 to June 2009), ACP Journal Club (1991 to June 2009), and Chinese Journal Fulltext Database (1994 to June 2009) for systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and case-control studies. The quality of the included studies was assessed. Results A total of 9 RCTs, 1 health economic evaluation, 1 meta analysis, and 2 systematic reviews were considered eligible. The evidence indicated that the use of ECMO in infants of PPHN had shown a decreased risk of death, but not cost-saving from a societal perspective; iNO treatment could improve the PaO2 and resulted in a reduction in the incidence of requirement for ECMO; there were not randomized controlled trials regarding the treatment of PPHN by hyperventilation, high-frequency ventilation, alkali infusion, pulmonary vasodilators (magnesium sulfate, tolazoline, prostaglandin or prostacyclin, milrinone), surfactant therapy; oral sildenafil could lower oxygenation index (OI) and result in a reduction in the incidence of death. The individualized treatment plans of oral sildenafil were developed based on the available evidence, existing conditions of the hospital, and the values of children with families. After 1 month of treatment, the FiO2 returned to normal and symptoms were alleviated. Conclusion The treatment efficacies and the survival rates in meconium aspiration syndrome combined with PPHN have been improved by determining an individualized treatment plan according to evidence-based methods.

    Release date:2016-08-25 03:36 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 新生儿不同部位留置针留置效果对比

    目的 评价留置针在新生儿治疗中不同穿刺部位的留置效果。 方法 采用随机对照方法将2009年1月-2011年10月收治的265例新生儿分为两组,A组139例经头皮静脉穿刺,B组126例经四肢静脉穿刺。观察比较两组留置针使用时间、局部有无红肿、脱针、液体外渗和不滴情况以及停止使用留置针的原因。 结果 B组留置时间明显长于A组、外渗率与局部红肿率则低于A组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论 在妥善固定的情况下,新生儿四肢静脉留置效果优于头皮静脉。

    Release date:2021-06-23 07:35 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 新生儿先天性巨结肠根治术的围术期护理

    【摘要】 目的 总结新生儿先天性巨结肠的围术期护理。 方法 对2008年1月-2009年7月收治的30例先天性巨结肠患儿术前、术中及术后的护理资料进行回顾性分析。 结果 30例患儿手术成功,经精心护理均痊愈出院,达到预期的效果。 结论 先天性巨结肠在新生儿时期即行根治手术,手术前后的护理是治疗的重要环节。术前予以肠道的准备充分、术后采取精心对症的护理措施,加强病情观察,加强营养支持,重视肛周护理,是保证手术成功的重要因素。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:18 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • A Survey on Effect of Nursing Intervention on Reducing Galactorrhea of Neonates

    目的:探讨护理干预对减少新生儿溢乳的效果。方法:将159例新生儿依随机数字法分为干预组(80例)与对照组(79例),干预组按计划进行护理干预与常规护理,对照组仅进行常规护理。结果:干预组溢乳发生13例,发生率1625%,对照组46例,发生率5823%,两组比较差异有显著性(Plt;001)。结论:护理干预降低了溢乳发生及生理性体重下降过快过长,促进新生儿身心发育。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:21 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Experience in Nursing of Congenital Intestinal Atresia in Neonates

    目的:探讨新生儿先天性肠闭锁患儿在围手术期间的护理措施。方法:分析26例新生儿先天性肠闭锁患儿术前、术后护理措施。结果:本组患儿除1例术后放弃治疗,5例术后因新生儿肺炎转入新生儿科继续治疗外,其余20例均痊愈,平均住院日为10天。结论:对本组患儿通过术前积极保暖,有效的胃肠减压,静脉补液,纠正水、电解质紊乱;术后采取加强气道湿化,胸部物理疗法等措施进行呼吸道管理,严格执行消毒隔离制度,预防感染,合理肠内联合肠外营养支持等护理措施,减少并发症的发生,提高了患儿的生存质量。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Observation on Physical Treatment in Neonates with Transperineal Anal Plasty

    目的:探讨物理治疗在新生儿经会阴肛门形成术中的治疗效果,提高护理质量。方法:将103例新生儿肛门直肠畸形患儿,随机分为实验组和对照组,对照组实施常规护理治疗。实验组在常规护理治疗基础上,实施物理治疗。结果:物理治疗实验组患儿肛周的局部红肿情况明显低于对照组(P<0.05),实验组患儿的平均住院日较对照组明显缩短(P<0.05)。结论:物理治疗能降低新生儿经会阴肛门成形术术后并发症的发生率,缩短住院天数,降低医疗费用,提高护理质量。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 新生儿先天性食管闭锁/气管食管瘘麻醉策略的改进

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Surgical Treatment for Complex Congenital Heart Disease of Newborn Babies

    Objective To summarize the experience of the surgical treatment of complex congenital heart diseases in 29 newborns. Methods Twenty-nine newborns were operated on for various congenital heart diseases, ages were from 3 to 28 d. There were ventricular septal defect 3 cases, D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) 10 cases, pulmonary atresia (PA) 1 case,tricuspid atresia 3 cases, single ventricle 1 case, tetralogy of Fallot 6 cases, endocardial cushion defect 4 cases and truncus arteriosus 1 case. All patients were combined with atrial septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus. All operations were performed under hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass. Results The operative mortality was 13.8%(4/29). One case with D-TGA and 1 case with PA succumbed due to low cardiac output syndrome, and 2 cases due to acute respiratory distress syndrome and low blood oxygen saturation. Twenty-five cases were discharged. Follow-up was completed in 19 patients,with a duration of 1-31 months, all patients have been normal. Conclusion Anesthesia and cardiopulmonary bypass should be performed smoothly and satisfactorily in newborn babies for cardiac surgery. Surgical manipulation should be accurate with less trauma and well protection of myocardium and lung is important.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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