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find Keyword "术后镇痛" 16 results
  • Effect of Ropivacaine With Lidocaine on Postoperative Analgesia for Knee Arthroscopy: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

    Objective To evaluate the analgesic effect of intra-articular ropivacaine with lidocaine. Methods A double-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. Ninety patients receiving selective knee arthroscopy were randomized into three groups of 30 patients. At the end of the operation, before the release of the tourniquet, an intra-articular injection was administered to each patient through arthroscope, in accordance with their random allocation: 0.9% normal saline (normal saline group); 100 mg ropivacaine (ropivacaine alone group) and 100 mg ropivacaine and 100 mg 2% lidocaine (ropivacaine with lidocaine group). Pain intensity was assessed after the operation using the 100-mm visual-analog scale (VAS), and the amount of supplemental analgesics used within the following 24 hours were recorded. Results The VAS scores of 2 hours postoperatively at rest, and 1, 2, 4, and 8 hours postoperatively at motion, were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in ropivacaine alone group (Plt;0.05). The VAS scores 0.5, 1 and 2 hours postoperatively at rest, and at the awaking moment, 0.5, 1, 4, 8, and 24 hours postoperatively at motion, were significantly higher in the normal saline group than in ropivacaine with lidocaine group (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Intra-articular ropivacaine can reduce a patient’s pain after operation. The combination of lidocaine with intra-articular ropivacaine can reduce the patient’s pain severity immediately after the operation and achieve an early analgesic effect.

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:18 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Efficiency and Gastrointestinal Reaction of Subcutaneous Fentanyl Analgesic in Postoperative Patients

    【摘要】 目的 比较术后芬太尼皮下镇痛(PCSA)与硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)的临床效果,以及对胃肠功能的影响。 方法 2009年1-6月间观察择期硬膜外麻醉下经腹子宫切除术患者120例,术后分别实施PCSA与PCEA,观察术后第4、8、12、24、48 h的镇痛、镇静情况,呼吸循环、恶心呕吐及其他不良事件,记录术后首次肛门排气时间,测评术后镇痛满意度。 结果 术后两组患者镇痛优良率均在90%以上,各时点镇痛评分、镇静评分、恶心呕吐发生率、首次肛门排气时间以及患者镇痛优良率差异均无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。 结论 术后芬太尼PCSA与PCEA一样,效果确切,对术后胃肠功能无明显影响,患者满意,是一种安全、有效的镇痛方法。【Abstract】 Objective To compare clinical efficiency and gastrointestinal reaction of subcutaneous patient-controlled analgesia (PCSA) and epidural patient-controlled analgesia (PCEA) with fentanyl analgesic for patients after operation. Methods A total of 120 patients having undergone transabdominal hysterectomy under epidural anesthesia between January and June 2009 accepted PCSA or PCEA after operation. We evaluated the state of analgesia and sedation at the 4th, 8th, 12th, 24th and 48th hour after operation. We also looked into the respiration, blood circulation, nausea, vomiting and other abnormal events of the patients during the first 48 hours after operation. At the same time, we recorded the first time of anal exsufflation after operation and the degree of patients’ satisfaction. Results The analgesic effective rate was higher than 90% in both groups. There were no significant differences in analgesia and sedation scores at above-mentioned points after operation, incidence of nausea and vomiting, first time of anal exsufflation or analgesic effective rate between the two groups. Conclusion PCSA with fentanyl can be as effective in relieving postoperative pain as PCEA with fentanyl without obvious adverse effect in the gastrointestinal function. Therefore, PCSA is a safe and effective method to alleviate postoperative pain.

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Comparison of the Effect of Ropivacaine Intraarticular Injection and Femoral Nerve Block for Analgesia after Knee Arthroscopy

    【摘要】 目的 比较单次股神经阻滞和关节腔内单次注射罗哌卡因对膝关节镜检术后镇痛效果,为临床应用提供试验依据。 方法 2009年1月-2010年7月,选择美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)Ⅰ~Ⅱ级、年龄18~65岁、拟行择期单侧下肢膝关节镜手术患者180例,随机分为股神经阻滞组和关节腔内用药组,每组90例,分别于术前1 h行股神经阻滞(0.15%罗哌卡因20 mL)和手术结束时在膝关节腔内注入0.6%罗哌卡因20 mL。于术后4、8、24 h采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analog scale,VAS)行静止和运动时疼痛评分,记录术后患者满意度、不良反应发生率,术后使用镇痛药物情况。 结果 关节腔内用药组术后镇痛药物使用率(41.11%)明显高于股神经阻滞组(20.00%)(Plt;0.005)。两组患者术后24 h静止时及术后8、24 h运动时的VAS评分关节腔内用药组均明显高于股神经阻滞组(Plt;0.001),其余各时点差异无统计学意义(Pgt;0.05)。 结论 股神经阻滞可提供更加有效的术后镇痛效果,并且用药量小,安全系数高,值得临床推广。【Abstract】 Objective To compare the effect of single-injection femoral nerve block and local anesthetic intraarticular injection for analgesia after knee arthroscopy, in order to provide the experimental base for clinical application. Methods From January 2009 to July 2010, 180 American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II patients, aged from 18 to 65 years old, and scheduled for elective single knee arthroscopy were randomly divided into two groups: femoral nerve block group and local anesthetic intraarticular injection group with 90 patients in each group. For the patients in the former group, 20 mL of 0.15% ropivacaine was injected 1 hour before operation. For the latter group, 20 mL of 0.6% ropivacaine was injected into the articular cavity after operation. Pain intension scores at rest and in motion were measured 4, 8, and 24 hours after operation by visual analog scale (VAS). The degree of patients’ satisfaction, adverse reaction incidence rate and information of taking pain-killers were also recorded. Results The rate of using pain-killers in the intraarticular injection group (41.11%) was dramatically higher than the femoral nerve block group (20.00%) (Plt;0.005). The VAS scores of patients in the intraarticular injection group at rest 24 hours after operation and in motion 8 hours and 24 hours after operation were significantly higher than the femoral nerve block group (Plt;0.001), while there was no significant difference at other points between the two groups. Conclusions Femoral nerve block is more efficient for analgesia after knee arthroscopy compared with local anesthetic intraarticular injection. It is a safe procedure requiring only a relatively small dose of medicine, and is worth being popularized.

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of LowDose Ketamine on Postoperative Pain and Cognitive Function after Laparoscopic Hysterectomy

    目的:观察静脉应用小剂量氯胺酮超前镇痛法对接受腹腔镜下子宫切除手术患者术后疼痛及认知功能的影响。方法:38例择期接受腹腔镜下子宫切除术患者(ASA分级12)随机分为氯胺酮组和对照组。氯胺酮组于手术开始前5min静脉滴注氯胺酮015mg·kg-1,术中持续泵注3μg·kg-1·min-1至手术结束;对照组使用生理盐水。记录术中使用氯胺酮后心率,平均动脉压的变化;术后24h内静脉使用芬太尼的剂量,VAS疼痛评分,头晕、恶心、呕吐等不良反应,中枢神经系统症状以及术后2h患者认知功能。结果:两组患者在24h内静脉使用芬太尼的剂量,VAS疼痛评分,不良反应,中枢神经系统症状以及术后2h的认知功能方面没有统计学差异。〖HTH〗结论:〖HTSS〗静脉使用小剂量氯胺酮超前镇痛并不能减少术后芬太尼的用量,不能降低术后疼痛评分。尽管使用小剂量氯胺酮并没有增加患者术后的不良反应,也不影响患者术后认知功能障碍,不建议作为腹腔镜下子宫切除术患者常规使用。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:56 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Comparison of Postoperative Analgesia between Ultrasound Guided Adductor Canal Block and Femoral Nerve Block in Patients after Total Knee Arthroplasty

    ObjectiveTo compare postoperative analgesic efficacy and motor function recovery between ultrasound guided adductor canal block (ACB) and Femoral nerve block (FNB) in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). MethodsFrom March to April 2014, 40 patients chosen to receive TKA under general anesthesia were randomly allocated to FNB group and ACB group with 20 in each group. Opioids consumption during and after operation, pain score in rest and movement, the force of quadriceps femoris, activity of knee and complications after surgery were recorded. ResultsNo differences were found in opioids consumption during and after operation, pain score in rest and movement after operation. Patients of ACB group were superior to those of FNB group in motor function recovery. At hour 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 after operation, the force of quadriceps femoris was higher in patients of ACB group than those of FNB group (P<0.05). Activity of knee was higher in patients of ACB group than those of FNB group postoperatively. ConclusionACB and FNB have equal postoperative analgesic effect for TKA patients. But ACB has less influence on the force of quadriceps femoris than FNB. Therefore, patients of ACB group are superior to those of FNB group in motor function recovery, showing better activity of knee and early time of first straight leg raising.

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  • 三种镇痛方法用于腹腔镜术后镇痛的疗效观察

    目的观察地佐辛、曲马多、哌替啶3种镇痛方法在腹腔镜术后的镇痛效果。 方法选择2012年4月-7月择期行腹腔镜手术患者120例,美国麻醉医师协会分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,随机分为地佐辛组(A组)、曲马多组(B组)及哌替啶组(C组),每组40例。术后患者第1次诉疼痛时,A组肌肉注射地佐辛5 mg,B组肌肉注射曲马多100 mg,C组肌肉注射哌替啶50 mg。 结果3组均有一定的镇痛效果,其中A组和C组患者在术后2 h及4 h的镇痛效果均优于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。A组恶心、呕吐发生率低于B组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论3种镇痛方法都是腹腔镜术后较为有效的镇痛技术,其中地佐辛镇痛效果更好、安全性高,因而具有更高的临床推广价值。

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  • Evidence-based Postoperative Analgesic Treatment for Femur Fracture Patient with Liver Cirrhosis

    ObjectiveTo provide references for postoperative analgesia treatment for cirrhotic patients with bone fracture. MethodsOne elderly patient with liver cirrhosis and fracture was admitted to our hospital on July 9, 2013. We obtained medical evidences by searching databases and regulated the best treatment after evaluating the patient's comprehensive conditions. And then, the whole treatment strategy was fully implemented. Finally, the consequent results were evaluated. ResultsWe identified 22 relevant articles including one clinical guideline, three cochrane reviews, five systematic reviews, seven small sample randomized controlled trials, one high quality observational study, and five quantitative reviews. We found that opioid analgesics utilization combined with non-opioid analgesics could not only reduce the occurrence of opioid drug adverse reactions, but increase analgesia safety. Cox-2 inhibitors could be used as the first choice of non-opioid drugs due to the less adverse reaction and better analgesic effectiveness. ConclusionFor femur fracture patients with liver cirrhosis, treatment decision based on evidence-based medicine is more scientific, which can ensure maximum benefit for the patients.

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  • 硫酸吗啡栓用于肛周脓肿术后镇痛的临床观察

    目的探讨硫酸吗啡栓对肛周脓肿术后患者的镇痛作用。 方法选择2013年1月-2014年5月住院行肛周脓肿手术患者66例,按随机数字表法分为治疗组与对照组,每组33例。两组患者均于术后6 h开始用药。治疗组给予硫酸吗啡栓 20 mg,纳肛,1次/d;对照组给予氨酚双氢可待因片40 mg口服,2次/d。3 d后,比较两组的镇痛效果。 结果治疗组术后3 d内用药后疼痛评分分值较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组2例切口轻度水肿,1例切口中度水肿,2例出现恶心、呕吐症状;对照组4例切口轻度水肿,3例切口中度水肿,3例出现胃痛反应;两组患者不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.157,P=0.142)。 结论硫酸吗啡栓应用于肛周脓肿患者术后镇痛简单方便,安全有效,副作用小。

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  • Paravertebral Block versus Epidural Block for Post-thoracotomy Analgesia: A Systematic Review

    ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of paravertebral block (PVB) versus thoracic epidural block (TEB) for post-thoracotomy analgesia. MethodsWe electronically searched databases including The Cochrane Library (Issue 9, 2013), PubMed, EMbase, Springer, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data from 1980 to September 2013, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of PVB versus TEB for post-thoracotomy pain management. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. ResultsThirteen RCTs involving 608 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that:the PVB group got higher VAS score at 48 h than the TEB group (WMD=-0.36, 95%CI -0.54 to -0.71), but more patients of the PVB group chosen remedial method to release pain in epidural than in paravertebral. In addition, there were no differences in VAS scores at 6 h and 24 h between two groups. As for the analgesia related complication:compared with the TEB group, the PVB group has lower rate of hypotension (RR=0.18, 95%CI 0.08 to 0.41), urinary retention (RR=0.24, 95%CI 0.11 to 0.54), nausea and vomiting (RR=0.42, 95%CI 0.25 to 0.70). There were no significant differences between two groups in postoperative pulmonary complication (RR=0.52, 95%CI 0.10 to 2.76), postoperative FEV1 level (WMD=2.93, 95%CI -4.52 to 10.38) and duration of hospital stay (WMD=-0.19, 95%CI -0.89 to 0.50). The PVB group had lower risk of chronic pain than that of the TEB group (RD=-0.12, 95%CI -0.23 to -0.01). ConclusionCurrent evidence shows PVB has the similar efficacy as TEB in post-thoracotomy pain management, with lower risk of analgesia related complication and lower risk of post-thoracotomy chronic pain. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality and large-scale RCTs are needed to verify the above conclusion.

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  • Clinical observation on the analgesic efficiency of ropivacaine with continuous infiltration at subacromial bursa

    Objective To compare the analgesic efficiency and safety of subacromial bursa continued ropivacaine analgesia with patient-controlled intravenous analgesia for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods A total of 64 patients undergoing rotator cuff repair surgery between October 2013 and February 2015 were randomly divided into the subacromial bursa group (JFX group, 32 cases) and the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia group (JM group, 32 cases). At the end of surgery, a catheter was inserted into the subacromial bursa of the patients in JFX group under arthroscopic visualisation and fixed properly, and analgesia pump was connected after surgery; in JM group, analgesia pump was connected to the vein channel after surgery. The pain Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) (motion and rest) scores 1 hour and 12, 24, 48, 72 hours after surgery, adverse reactions, use of analgesic pump, number of additional analgesia and patients satisfaction were recorded. Results There were no differences between the two groups in the number of additional analgesia, patients satisfaction, additional use of antiemetic drugs, motion and rest VAS scores 1 hour and 12, 72 hours after surgery, and the incidence of moderate-severe pain (VAS≥4) at each time point (P>0.05). The motion and rest VAS scores 24, 48 hours after surgery in JFX group were lower than those in JM group, the analgesia times and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in JFX group were lower than those in JM group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Efficiency of subacromial bursa infiltration of ropivacaine sustained analgesic is slightly better than that of patient-controlled intravenous analgesia, with lower incidence of adverse reactions.

    Release date:2017-11-24 10:58 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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