Objective To systemically review the effectiveness and safety of human recombinant activated protein C (rhAPC) for severe sepsis. Methods Such databases as MEDLINE, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, VIP, CNKI and CBM were electronically searched for comprehensively collecting randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effectiveness and safety of human recombinant activated protein C (rhAPC) for severe sepsis from inception to July 2012. References of included studies were also retrieved. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0 software. Results Totally, five RCTs involving 6 307 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, no significant difference was found in 28-day mortality (RR=1.00, 95%CI 0.84 to 1.19, P=1.00) and 90-day mortality (RR=1.00, 95%CI 0.87 to 1.14, P=0.96) between the rhAPC group and the placebo group. The results of subgroup analysis showed that, the two groups were similar in the 28-day mortality of patients with different Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores (APACHE II scorelt;25: RR=1.06, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.21, P=0.37; APACHE II score≥25: RR=0.93, 95%CI 0.69 to 1.24, P=0.60), and in the 28-day mortality by protein C deficiency class (APC deficiencylt;80%: RR=0.96, 95%CI 0.56 to 1.65, P=0.89; APC deficiencygt;80%: RR=0.61, 95%CI 0.34 to 1.08, P=0.09). Besides, bleeding risk in the rhAPC group was 1.62 fold more than that in the placebo group (RR=1.62, 95%CI 1.17 to 2.23, P=0.004). No significant difference was found in the incidence of adverse reaction (RR=1.04, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.18, P=0.53). Conclusion Current evidence suggests that, rhAPC could not improve the prognosis of patients with severe sepsis, but it significantly increases bleeding risk.
目的 检测分化抑制因子1（Id-1）在肝细胞肝癌组织中和正常肝组织中的表达情况，了解Id-1与肝细胞肝癌患者预后关系。 方法 对获得的19例肝细胞肝癌组织标本和8例正常肝组织进行免疫组织化学染色，并对染色结果进行分级。借助SPSS软件，分析肝细胞肝癌组织标本与正常肝组织标本中的Id-1表达强度区别，Id-1与甲胎蛋白（AFP）相关性，及Id-1表达强度与肝癌患者预后之间的关系。 结果 免疫组织化学染色结果显示所有标本均表达为阳性，其中3例（+），7例（++），10例（+++）7例（++++），肝细胞肝癌组织标本与正常肝组织标本差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；Id-1表达与血液中AFP水平相关不显著（r=−0.121，P=0.621）；Spearman等级相关分析显示患者生存时间与Id-1表达呈负相关（r=−0.567，P=0.011）。 结论 Id-1在肝癌组织中表达增高 ，Id-1表达水平与生存时间呈负相关，但和AFP无明显相关。
Objective To compare the effects between laparoscopic and conventional open abdominal approaches on perineal wound healing for patients with rectal cancer. Methods The clinical data of 54 patients undergoing laparoscopic abdominal perineal resection (laparoscopy group) and 48 patients undergoing open abdominal perineal resection (open group) between January 2008 and December 2009 in this hospital were collected. Parameters including class A healing rate of perineal wound, duration of surgery, duration of perineal resection, blood loss during operation, anterosacral drainage, and serum albumin level on day 3 after surgery were compared between two groups. Results There was no significant difference of gender, age, tumor Dukes stage, preoperative albumin, or preoperative complications between two groups (Pgt;0.05). The class A healing rate of perineal wound (χ2=5.54, Plt;0.05) and serum albumin level on the third day after surgery （t＝3.92, Plt;0.01） in the laparoscopy group was significantly higher than those in the open group. In the laparoscopy group, duration of perineal resection （t＝6.64, Plt;0.01）, blood loss during operation （t＝6.05, Plt;0.01）, and anterosacral drainage （t＝12.86, Plt;0.01） were less than those in the open group. Conclusion The higher class A healing rate of laparoscopic approach for the patients with rectal cancer might be associated with the minimal invasiveness, less blood loss, and shorter duration.
目的 探讨腹腔镜下修补医源性结肠穿孔的可行性和手术技巧。方法 回顾性分析我院2007年 10月至2009年12月期间腹腔镜下修补医源性结肠穿孔手术6例患者的临床资料，其中诊断性肠镜检查结肠穿孔2例，治疗性肠镜结肠穿孔4例。结果 6例患者均顺利完成腹腔镜下手术, 无中转开腹。3例患者全腹腔镜下完成结肠穿孔修补，2例因破口较大在腹腔镜辅助下完成结肠穿孔修补，1例乙状结肠癌患者肠镜检查结肠穿孔后同时行腹腔镜下乙状结肠癌根治手术，术后未发生吻合口漏、残余感染等并发症。结论 腹腔镜下修补医源性结肠穿孔安全、可靠，临床效果肯定。
目的 探讨腹腔镜胃肠道手术中医源性脾损伤的发生原因和处理方法。方法 回顾性分析我院2007年12月至2009年2月期间125例行腹腔镜胃肠手术中出现的5例医源性脾损伤的临床资料。结果 5例脾损伤患者中腹腔镜胃手术4例，腹腔镜结肠手术1例； 按Pachter脾损伤分级，Ⅰ级3例，Ⅱ级2例。所有患者均经腹腔镜手术治疗治愈，电凝止血1例,小纱布压迫加电凝加止血纱布压迫止血4例。结论 腹腔镜胃肠手术中发生的脾损伤多为表浅的Ⅰ、Ⅱ级损伤,及时发现及正确处理十分重要。
目的 探讨腹腔镜胃肠道手术常见戳孔并发症的特点及防治对策。方法 回顾性分析我院78例行腹腔镜胃肠道手术后9例发生戳孔并发症患者的临床资料。结果 9例中戳孔感染4例，戳孔周围皮下瘀血和血肿2例，戳孔疝1例，皮下气肿2例，经采取拆除戳孔处缝线、通畅引流、换药、局部压迫、药物止血等相应处置，患者均痊愈出院。结论 戳孔并发症重在预防，其危害不容忽视。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of form deprivation myopia on optic nerve head and retinal morphology in guinea pigs using optical coherence tomography (OCT). MethodsTwenty guinea pigs aged from 4 to 5 weeks were chosen and randomly divided into the experimental group and control group, with 10 guinea pigs in each group. Form deprivation myopia was established for the right eyes of guinea pigs in experimental group for 4 weeks. The guinea pigs of control group were not intervened. Before and 4 weeks after form deprivation, refraction was measured by retinoscopy after cycloplegia; the axial length was measured by A-scan ultrasound; retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, optic nerve head and retinal morphology of guinea pigs were analyzed using OCT. ResultsBefore form deprivation, there were no statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent, axial length, RNFL thickness, disc edge area, optic disc area, average cup disc ratio, vertical cup disc ratio, cup volume, retinal thickness, or retinal volume between the experimental group and control group of guinea pig (P > 0.05). After 4 weeks of form deprivation, RNFL thickness of (64.9±17.7) μm in guinea pigs in experimental group was thinner compared to (97.9±25.1) μm in control group (t=-2.845, P=0.015). Retinal thickness of (142.7±3.4) μm in guinea pigs in experimental group was thicker compared to (138.4±3.5) μm in control group (t=2.338, P=0.038). There were no significant differences in disc edge area, optic disc area, average cup disc ratio, vertical cup disc ratio, cup volume or retinal volume between groups (P > 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in spherical equivalent, axial length, RNFL thickness, vertical cup to disc ratio cup volume, and retinal thickness between after and before form deprivation in the right eye of guinea pigs in the experimental groups (t=46.001, -50.119, 5.385, 3.447, -2.814, -8.911; P < 0.05), while there were no statistically significant differences in disc edge area, optic disc area, average cup disc ratio, or retinal volume (P > 0.05). ConclusionForm deprivation myopia has an effect on RNFL and retinal thickness.