Objective To prepare the immunonanospheres［SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS］ against human colorectal cancer and evaluate its immunoreactivity and effects on cancer. Methods SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was prepared by intermolecular cross-linking the monoclonal antibody SC3Ab with human serum albumin nanospheres containing 5-Fu ［HAS(5-Fu)-NS］ via new hetero-bifunctional crosslinker SPDP. Condensation test and immunoflurecence were used to evaluate the immunoreactivity, the specific binding of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS with colorectal cancer cell line SW1116 was observed by microscope and electron microscope. The specific cytotoxic effects on target cells were evaluated in vitro by MTT assay. SC3AbHSA(5-Fu)-NS, HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu were injected into nude mice bearing human colorectal carcinoma, to study the inhibitory activity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS in vivo. Results The immunoreactivity of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS was well preserved. SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS can bind the SW1116 cells specifically. The IC50 value for SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on SW1116 cells was 24.6 μg/ml,which was lower than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS(345.3 μg/ml) and 5-Fu(325.6 μg/ml). The inhibitory rate of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS on the growth of colorectal cancer xenografts was significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS or 5-Fu(P＜0.001).Conclusion SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS has immunoreactivity and specific active targeting to the colorectal cancer cells. The anticancer ability of SC3Ab-HSA(5-Fu)-NS is significantly higher than that of HSA(5-Fu)-NS and 5-Fu.
Objective To analyze the treatment of the sternoclavicular joint dislocation by clavicular hook plate and investigate its cl inical value to find a theropy with more safety and stabil ity. Methods Between January 2003 and January 2007, 15 patients with sternoclavicular joint dislocation were involved, among whom there were 12 males and 3 females, aged 28-45 years old (34 on average). There were 12 cases of fall ing injury and 3 cases of vehicle accident injury. The course of disease was 1-12 hours. A total of 2 cases were on the left side and 13 were on the right side. There were 14 casesof anterior dislocation and 1 of posterior dislocation. Two patients were compl icated by acromioclavicular joint dislocationwith no pneumothorax, and 2 patients had a l ittle pleural effusion without any special treatment. As to the damage degree,according to the Grade system, there were 2 cases of type II and 13 cases of type III. Results All patients’ incisionsobtained heal ing by first intention after operation. The X-ray films showed that the reduction of joint dislocation and thelocation of internal fixation were good. All the 15 patients were followed up for 6-18 months (14 months on average). All cases were scored by Rockwood after the operation to assess the curative effect, with 12 excellent, 2 good and 1 fair. There was no wound infection, neurovascular injury, hemopneumothorax, internal fixation failure, redislocation or other side injuries. The anatomical structure as well as appearances and functions were restored. Conclusion The fixation of clavicular hook plate in treating ternoclavicular joint dislocation has superiority over other methods with more stabil ity, less risk and small chances of cardiovascular injury. Besides, the patients can do functional exercises early and the shoulder joint function can be improved to the maximal degree.
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors of recurrence of incisional hernia following incisional hernia tension-free repair. MethodsThe clinical data of 162 patients with incisional hernia underwent tension-free repair were retrospectively analyzed in this hospital from January 2005 to January 2011. The relationships of incisional hernia recur-rence to gender, age, body mass index, hernia size, abdominal wall defect site, preoperative chronic comorbidities, type of tension-free repair, operation time, and wound healing disorders were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis. ResultsOne hundred and sixty-two patients were followed up 7-70 months with mean 34.5 months. The rate of recur-rence following incisional hernia tension-free repair was 9.26% (15/162). The results of univariate analysis showed that recurrence following incisional hernia tension-free repair was associated with the age (P < 0.05), body mass index (P < 0.05), type of tension-free repair (P < 0.05), hernia size (P < 0.05), and wound healing disorders (P < 0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression revealed that the body mass index, type of tension-free repair, hernia size, and wound healing disorders were the independent risk factors associated with recurrence following incisional hernia tension-free repair. Fifteen recurrent patients were reperformed successfully. There was no recurrence following up with an average 23 months. ConclusionsIt is necessary to become familiar with the risk factors for recurrence of incisional hernia in order to eliminate or decrease their effects on the positive outcome of incisional herniorrhaphy. The patients with fat, hernia ring bigger, incorrect opera-tion or wound healing disorders might be easy to relapse. Surgical approach should be individualized for recurrence.
Objective To summarize the experience of surgical treatment of late-onset mesh infection after open inguinal hernia tension-free repair. Methods The retrospective descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 128 mesh infection patients after open inguinal tension-free hernia who were admitted to the Department of General Surgery of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital form December 2016 to December 2021 were collected. All patients underwent debridement under general anesthesia through a treatment process of laparoscopic exploration, methylene blue staining, removal of mesh, wound irrigation, and negative pressure closed drainage. Patients were observed for completion of surgery, postoperative recovery, and follow-up results. Results One hundred and twenty-eight patients underwent open debridement successfully. In 98 patients, no abnormality was found on laparoscopic exploration and the infected meshs were removed by direct debridement surgery. In 28 patients, laparoscopic exploration revealed that the meshs had broken through the peritoneum and were tightly adherent to the mesentery and intestinal canal. In 2 patients, revealed abdominal abscesses at the paracolic sulcus of the ascending colon and at the ileocecal tract. The infected meshs were removed relatively intact in 112 patients, and the residual meshs were not removed intact in 16 patients. The operative time of 128 patients were 75–345 minutes with an average of 154 minutes, the bleeding volume was 10–200 mL with an average of 37.4 mL, the time to remove the negative pressure drainage tube after surgery were 5–14 days with an average of 8.4 days, the postoperative hospital stay were 6–18 days with an average of 11.6 days. There were 114 cases of class A healing, 12 cases of class B healing, and 2 cases of class C healing. One hundred and twenty-eight patients underwent postoperative follow-up for 6 to 60 months, with a media follow-up time of 30 months. During the follow-up period, 4 patients developed ipsilateral inguinal hernia recurrence, 4 patients developed reinfection, and 3 patients developed varying degrees of pain in the inguinal region. Conclusions Late-onset mesh infection after open inguinal tension-free hernia repair requires removal mesh by surgical treatment. Laparoscopic exploration, methylene blue-assisted debridement, complete removal of the mesh, strict wound irrigation and negative pressure closure drainage are safe and reliable treatment.
【摘要】 目的 研究过氧化酶增殖因子活化受体γ（peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma， PPARγ）和血管内皮生长因子C（vascular endothelial growth factor C， VEGF-C）在胃癌组织中表达的相关性，分析其表达与临床病理因素之间的关系。 方法 2005年3月-2009年3月间采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应方法检测36例胃癌手术标本中PPARγ和VEGF-C mRNA的表达，同时选取相同患者的胃正常组织作为对照。 结果 PPARγ mRNA在胃癌中的表达量高于癌旁正常组织，两者的差异有统计学意义（P=0.007）；VEGF-C在胃癌中的表达量高于癌旁正常组织，两者的差异有统计学意义（P=0.004）；PPARγ的表达与VEGF-C表达无关联性（r=0.135，P=0.414）；PPARγ表达与胃癌组织中浸润程度有关（χ2=4.620，P=0.032）、淋巴结转移有关（χ2=15.753，P=0.000）和临床病理分期有关（χ2=4.610，P=0.032）；VEGF-C表达与胃癌组织中淋巴结转移有关（χ2=4.729，P=0.030）、远处转移有关（χ2=4.064，P=0.044）和临床病理分期有关（χ2=6.300，P=0.012）。 结论 PPARγ和VEGF-C可能在胃癌新生淋巴管形成中起重要作用，两者的表达水平与胃癌患者的病情判断及预后评价密切相关。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the significance of expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) in gastric carcinoma as well as their correlation, and to study the relationship between the expressions and clinicopathologic characteristics of gastric carcinoma. Methods Thirty-six pairs of normal mucosa and cancer specimens were obtained from patients who had undergone gastric operation for primary gastric carcinoma and subjected to reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for PPARγ and VEGF-C mRNA detection. Results The positive rate and level of PPARγ mRNA expression were higher in gastric cancer tissues than those in normal gastric mucosa (P=0.007). The positive rate and level of VEGF-C mRNA expression were also higher in gastric cancer tissues than those in normal gastric mucosa (P=0.004). Simultaneously, the expression of PPARγ was not correlated with that of VEGF-C (r=0.135, P=0.414), while the highly productions of PPARγ and VEGF-C in gastric carcinomas were both associated with the lymph node metastasis and the clinical stage (Plt;0.05). Conclusion PPARγ and VEGF-C may play an important role in the lymphangio-genesis of gastric cancer, and united detection of PPARγ and VEGF-C expressions may be correlated with making diagnosis, evaluating prognosis in patients with gastric cancer at the same time.
ObjectiveTo study the expression of c-Met in colorectal carcinoma cells and the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on proliferation and invasion of colon carcinoma cells SW480. MethodsReal-time PCR and Western blot methods were respectively used to detect the expressions of c-Met mRNA and protein in the different colorectal carcinoma cells in order to screen the high c-Met expression cells. The SW480 cells were incubated with different concentrations (0, 20, 40, and 70 ng/mL) HGF. MTT assay and Transwell test were used to evaluate the effects of proliferation and invasion in the SW480 cells. Results①The c-Met was expressed in each colorectal carcinomar cells, especially highly expressed in the colon carcinoma cells SW480 in vitro.②MTT assay showed that the HGF could promote the proliferation of SW480 cells in a dose-dependent manner with some extent.③Transwell test showed that the HGF could increase the invasion of SW480 cells. ConclusionThe c-Met is highly expressed in colorectal carcinoma cells and HGF could promote proliferation and increase invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells in vitro.
Objective To investigate the expression of hypoxia inducing factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in human breast cancer and its relationships with microvessel density （MVD）, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) protein, other tumor biomarkers and clinicopathologic factors. Methods Immunohistochemical staining (SP) was used to measure the expressions of HIF-1α and PCNA in human breast fibroadenoma, usual hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma, and the MVD was determined by anti-CD34 immunostaining. Results No HIF-1α was observed in the lesions of breast fibroadenoma and hyperplasia. However, the positive expression rate of HIF-1α in the ductal carcinoma in situ （DCIS） was 55.0% (11/20) and the infiltrative breast cancer was 85.0%(51/60). The total high expression rate of PCNA in breast cancer was 75.0% (60/80), in which the rate of DCIS counted for 65.0% (13/20) and the rate of infiltrative adenocarcinoma counted for 78.3% (47/60). There were positive correlations between the expresson of HIF-1α and the expression of PCNA (r=0.693， P＜0.01) and MVD in DCIS (r=0.682, P＜0.05), respectively, but there was no relation between HIF-1α and MVD in infiltrative breast cancer. The expression of HIF-1α was associated with tumor cell proliferation, lymph node metastasis, estrogen receptor status (P＜0.01). Conclusion The expression of HIF-1α increased in breast cancer and it is associated with tumor cell proliferation, lymph node metastasis, estrogen receptor status. Thus, HIF-1α may play an important role in the tumor cell proliferation, vasiformation, progression and metastasis of breast cancer, and may become a new target for tumor treatment.
Objective To investigate effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) after lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) targeting c-Met on invasion of colonic carcinoma cell line SW480. Methods The experiment was assigned into 3 groups: NC group, the normal cells were infected by the shRNA negative control virus (the NC-20 andNC-40 represented the negative group which were added 20 ng/mL and 40 ng/mL respectively HGF after being infected); KD group, the normal cells were infected by the shRNA-c-Met target virus (the KD-20 and KD-40 represented the interfered group which were added 20 ng/mL and 40 ng/mL HGF respectively after being infected; KD1, KD2, KD3, and KD4 represented the different RNAi targets for the purpose gene); CON group, the normal cells were not infected by any virus. The lentiviral vector shRNA-c-Met was constructed and verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. The SW480 cells were infected with the shRNA-c-Met after packed with lentivirus plasmid. Fourty-eight hours transfection later, the c-Met mRNA of the transfected SW480 cell was detected by real time PCR and the c-Met protein was examined by Western blot. Seventy-two hours after transfection, the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the invasions in the different cells with stable transfection were detected by Transwell test. Results The RNAi sequence targeting c-Met gene was successfully inserted into the lentiviral vector. The shRNA-c-Met transfection resulted in an obviously reduced expression of c-Met mRNA in the SW480 cells. The efficency of gene knock down of the KD4 (the cells with No.4 target spot knocked down) was 81.4%. The shRNA-c-Met tansfection resulted in an obviously reduced expression of c-Met protein in the SW480 cells. After transfection, the apoptosis rate of the KD group was significantly higher than that in the NC group (P<0.001) or the CON group (P<0.001). The invasion ratios in the NC group, NC-20 group, and NC-40 group were significantly higher than those in the KD group (P<0.001), KD-20 group (P=0.015), and KD-40 group (P=0.017), respectively; which in the NC-20 group and NC-40 group were increased as compared with the NC group (P<0.001,P<0.001), and in the NC-40 group was increased as compared with the NC-20 group (P=0.005). The invasion ratios in the KD-20 group and KD-40 group were increased as compared with the KD group (P<0.001,P<0.001), and in the KD-40 group was increased as compared with the KD-20 group (P=0.014). Conclusion Lentivirus-mediated RNAi targeting c-Met could effectively suppress expression of c-Met in SW480 cells and could reduce invasion of HGF on SW480 cells with knocked down c-Met.