目的 观察不同浓度肾上腺素与利多卡因混合液头皮浸润注射对开颅术患者血流动力学的影响。方法 选取2010年5月-10月80例颅内肿瘤患者,随机分成4组,行1%利多卡因溶液混合不同浓度的肾上腺素16 mL头皮浸润注射。肾上腺素浓度:A组2.5 μg/mL、B组5.0 μg/mL、C组7.5 μg/mL、D组10.0 μg/mL。记录注射前(T0)、注射后5 min内(T1-10)心率(HR)、平均动脉压(MAP)、收缩压(SBP)、舒张压(DBP),根据各时段的MAP最低值和最高值,计算MAP的降低率和升高率,计数各组MAP下降10%以内、10%~20%和20%以上的例数。 结果 C组的MAP下降例数最多且MAP下降率最高,与其他组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。组内比较,C组MAP、SBP在1.5、2.0、2.5 min时、DBP在2 min时和D组MAP和DBP在1.5、2.0 min时下降差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。4组血压下降的同时伴HR增快,但HR组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论 低浓度的肾上腺素与10%利多卡因混合液用于开颅术患者头皮浸润注射时可导致血压下降。
目的 评价硬膜外麻醉合用丙泊酚用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术的可行性。方法 择期行腹腔镜胆囊切除术患者850例,经T 9~10椎间隙行硬脊膜外腔穿刺置管,给予常规剂量的2%利多卡因或0.75%布比卡因,气腹前静脉注射丙泊酚1~2 mg/kg,直至患者意识消失,继以10 mg/(kg·h)维持麻醉深度。结果 全组850例患者术中麻醉效果好,腹肌松弛,意识消失后避免了气腹引起的牵扯反射,停止使用丙泊酚10 min左右时间,大部分患者即恢复呼唤反应。 结论 硬膜外麻醉合用丙泊酚用于腹腔镜胆囊切除术是一种效果很好的临床麻醉方法。
Neuropathic pain has been redefined by NeuPSIG as “pain arising as a direct consequence of a lesion or disease affecting the somatosensory syste”. However, pharmacological management for neuropathic pain is not effective, which is correlated with the uncertainty of pathogenesis. For a long time, neuron had been considered acting a major role in the development of neuropathic pain. In recent years, a majority of studies revealed that glia cell also involved in the occurrence and development of neuropathic pain, and neuron-glia interaction is one of the key mechanism of neuropathic pain, including complex signaling pathways as purinergic signaling. This review focuses on recent advances on the role of purinergic receptors in neuropathic pain.