Objective To study the relationship between angiopoietin and the angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma, and to investigate the inter-regulation effect between different vascular growth factors which exist in microenvironment of gastric carcinoma. Methods Literatures about angiopoietin and angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma were collected and reviewed. Results There is a relationship between the expression of angiopoietin in microcirculation and the angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma. Yet, it is still a disputable issue on the inter-regulation effect of different vascular growth factors. Conclusion Angiopoietin may play an important role in the processes of sprouting, development and apoptosis of the microvessel of gastric carcinoma.
Objective To evaluate the clinical features, diagnosis, and outcome of the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, and the relationship between CMV retinitis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Methods A total of 95 eyes of 56 patients with cytomegalovirus retinitis and AIDS were studied. The fundus feature, visual acuity and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts were analyzed and the follow-up periods ranged from 2 weeks to 18 months. Results Before the definitive diagnosis of CMV retinitis, the courses of AIDS were 4 to 26 months in all patients. In the initial examination, the granular form of CMV retinal lesion was noted in 55 eyes (57%) in which retinal lesion of 46 eyes was peripheral. The fulminant form of CMV retinitis of 25 eyes (26%) was found in the posterior pole and consisted of densely opaque retinal lesions with blotchy hemorrhage and vasculitis. The overlap between these two presentations was noted in 15 eyes. Papillitis was observed in 7 eyes of CMV retinitis in this series of patients. The visual acuity ranged from finger counting to 0.5. The patients with extensive CMV retinitis or CMV retinitis in the posterior pole got poorer vision. The CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts of 30 patients was 0-30 (mean, 15±9/μl), and the survival time ranged from 2 weeks to 18 months (mean, 6.4±3.3 months). The vision was improved and CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts was significantly higher in the group treated with ganciclovir, and progression of CMV retinitis occured and the vision decreased in the non-treated group. Conclusion CMV retinitis is the most common intraocular complication in patients with AIDS. Diagnosis of CMV retinitis is based on the characteristic of necrotizing retinitis which was typically associated with retinal hemorrhage and vasculitis. Ganciclovir is effective for the treatment of CMV retinitis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 89-91)
Objective To summary the change of surgical approaches, indications, contraindications, and complications of endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods Endoscopic thyroidectomy related literatures at home and abroad were collected to summary the change of surgical approaches, indications, contraindications, and complications of it. Results The approaches of endoscopic thyroidectomy had their own advantages, wherein breast and complete areola approaches were mainstream surgical procedures; the indications were closely correlated with surgeons and devices, and there were no uniform indications yet. With the advance in endoscopic techniques, the contraindications would be gradually resolved, and the assistance of new devices and the accumulation of experience reduced the incidence of surgical complications, but there were still probability of occurrence of such complications. Conclusion Endoscopic thyroidectomy is the main means of treating thyroid nodules, which will be more widely used with the advance in techniques, the innovation of devices, the expansion of indications as well as the overcoming of contraindications.
ObjectiveTo compare degree and characteristics of early postoperative pain for patients with inguinal hernia underwent laparoscopic versus open tension-free hernioplasty. MethodsThe clinical data of 120 patients who underwent tension-free hernioplasty from July 2013 to June 2015 were analyzed. All of the patients were divided into open tension-free hernioplasty group (open group, n=60) and laparoscopic tension-free hernioplasty group (laparoscope group, n=60). Visual analogue scale (VAS) score was evaluated at different time point. Results① Within 12 h after operation, the comparison of total VAS score between the laparoscope group and the open group had no significant difference (F=1.674, P=0.198), the difference of VAS score in these two groups was significantly different at each time point (F=21.186, P=0.000), and the variation tendency was influenced by grouping factors (F=87.038, P=0.000). ② Within 7 d after opera-tion, the differences of comparison of total VAS score between the laparoscope group and the open group and at each time point were statistically significant (F=46.358, P=0.000; F=576.387, P=0.000) and had a downtrend, further more the variation tendency was influenced by grouping factors (F=19.454, P=0.000). ③ The composition ratios of pain site and characteristics had significant differences between these two groups within 7d after operation (χ2=10.108, P=0.001; χ2=7.144, P=0.028), the dosage of analgesic drugs between two groups had no significant difference (t=0.872, P=0.386). ConclusionAs a representative of minimally invasive surgery, laparoscopic technology has certain advantages in reducing postoperative pain for patients with inguinal hernia, but minimally invasive technique does not mean to painless. Further improvement is needed by hernia surgery.
Objective To explore the potential roles and mechanism of Wnt5a and its receptors in the pathogenesis of bronchiectasis. Methods From October 2017 to April 2018, outpatients with bronchiectasis who needed bronchoscopy were recruited in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine of West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The control group was patients with pulmonary nodules less than 10 mm in diameter by health inspection. Patients who used antibiotics and/or glucocorticoids within the past 4 weeks or had other airway diseases were excluded. Serum and bronchial mucosa were collected for detection of Wnt5a by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR), respectively. The receptor of Wnt5a, Ror2, and the downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, were measured in the bronchial mucosa by real-time PCR. Results From October 2017 to April 2018, 32 outpatients with bronchiectasis were found but only 17 patients finished this study, and simultaneously 18 patients with pulmonary nodules were chosen as control. The level of serum Wnt5a in patients with bronchiectasis were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Correlation analyses showed that serum Wnt5a level was positively correlated with the level of serum C reactive protein (r=0.806, P<0.05), but had no relation with the level of white blood cell count, blood neutrophil percentage, pulmonary function or bronchiectasis severe index. The mRNA levels of Wnt5a and its receptor Ror2 in bronchial mucosa of patients with bronchiectasis were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.001). The mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-6 in bronchial mucosa of patients with bronchiectasis were higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Wnt5a may play crucial roles in the development of bronchiectasis through Wnt5a/Ror2 signaling pathways to regulate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β and IL-6.
Objective To observe the histopathological changes of tumor tissue after intraoperative regional chemotherapy of rectal cancer. Methods After the treatment of intraoperative regional chemotherapy with 5-FU (15 mg/kg)， the histopathological changes of tumor tissue were detected. Results Slight changes with cancer cells in all the cases accepted intraoperative regional chemotherapy were found under light microscope such as karyopyknosis, nuclear swelling, coagulation and necrosis of cytoplasm, hydropsia of intercellular substance, invasion of inflammatory cells, and 9/15 cases with slight inflammation of vessels were observed; While those changes were found in individual cells of the cases without regional chemotherapy. The more enlarged intercellular space of cancer cell was observed under electron microscope in the case with regional chemotherapy. Conclusion The intraoperative regional chemotherapy of rectal tumor can change the histopathological appearance of tumor tissue, that is significant in preventing cancer cells diffusing during operation and relapsing after operation.