Objective To summary the effects and prospects of percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension. Methods Literatures which about the relationship between renal sympathetic nerves and hypertension， and the technical prospect and inadequacy of percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension， were analyzed and reviewed. Results Hypertension， which as a seriously public health problem， was the focus of clinical treatment currently. Renal sympathetic nerve was certified playing an important role in regulation of blood pressure， and percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation had potential superiority in the treatment of resistant hypertension. Conclusion Percutaneous radiofrequency catheter-based renal sympathetic denervation is an effective method for resistant hypertension.
Objective To investigate the inhibitory effects and possible related mechanism of OTX008 [a selective inhibitor of galectin-1 (Galectin-1)] on retinal neovascularization (RNV) in mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods 7-day-old (P7) C57BL/6J mice were randomly (according to random number table) divided into 4 groups including normal group, OIR group, OIR-OTX008 group and OIR-phosphate buffered saline (PBS) group. To establish the OIR mouse model, mice from all groups except normal group were expose to (75±2)% oxygen for 5 days and then to room air. OIR-OTX008 group received an intravitreal injection of 1 μl (0.25 μg/μl) OTX008 at P12, OIR-PBS group received the equal volume (1 μl) of PBS injection. Mice from 4 groups were euthanized at P17, and retinas were collected for molecular biological analysis and morphological study. RNV was evaluated by counting the number of pre-retinal neovascular nuclei and the whole-mount immunofluorescent staining of mouse retina. Cyrosections of retinas were imaged via confocal microscopy to observe the enrichment of staining of Galectin-1. Protein levels of Galectin-1, Neuropilin-1 and phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (pVEGFR2) were determined with Western blot. Results At P17, Galectin-1 expressed higher in retinal ganglion cell layer, inner plexiform layer and inner nuclear layer from OIR group and OIR-PBS group than normal group. Galectin-1 expressed less in cryosection retinas from OIR-OTX008 group than OIR group and OIR-PBS group. The numbers of pre-retinal neovascular cell nuclei from OIR group and OIR-PBS group were obviously more than that from normal group (t=9.314,P＜0.05). The number of pre-retinal neovascular cell nuclei from OIR-OTX008 group were obviously lower than those from OIR group and OIR-PBS group (t=8.038, 7.774;P＜0.05). The RNV tufts area (t=13.250, 12.570), non-perfusion area (t=15.590, 12.430) and hypoxic area (t=9.542, 9.928) from OIR-OTX008 group were significantly smaller than those in OIR group and OIR-PBS group (P＜0.05). Protein levels of Galectin-1 (t=24.800, 23.060), Neuropilin-1 (t=4.120, 3.530) and pVEGFR2 (t=25.880, 15.480) in the OIR-OTX008 group were significantly down-regulated than those from OIR group and OIR-PBS group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Intravitreal injection of OTX008 inhibits RNV and ameliorates retinal hypoxia in mice model of OIR possibly through down-regulating Galectin-1, Neurolinpin-1 and pVEGFR2.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the epidemiological characteristics of frailty in Chinese elderly population.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the epidemiological characteristics of frailty in China from January, 1978 to December, 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies, and then, meta-analysis was performed by using OpenMetaanalyst software.ResultsA total of 29 studies, involving 64 306 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the prevalence of frailty in Chinese community was 12.8% (95%CI 0.105 to 0.152), in Chinese hospital was 22.6% (95%CI 0.130 to 0.270), and in nursing home was 44.3% (95% CI 0.222 to 0.664). In the subgroup analysis by gender: male prevalence in community was 9.2% (95%CI 0.074 to 0.110), female was 12.9% (95%CI 0.100 to 0.157). Prevalence of male in hospital was 23.3% (95%CI 0.124 to 0.342), Prevalence of female was 17.9% (95%CI 0.122 to 0.237). In the subgroup analysis by region: the prevalence of frailty in north China was 13.4% (95%CI 0.093 to 0.175), in east China was 13.6% (95%CI 0.083 to 0.189), and in Taiwan province and HongKong was 9.8% (95% CI 0.078 to 0.199). In the subgroup analysis by age: the prevalence of frailty among the elderly aged 65 to 74 was 12.2% (95%CI 0.037 to 0.206), and 33.2% (95%CI 0.136 to 0.527) among the elderly aged 75 to 84, and 46.8% (95%CI 0.117 to 0.820) among the elderly aged above 85. For investigation based on time periods, the prevalence of frailty was 9.1% (95%CI 0.078 to 0.104) from 2003 to 2010, and 14.4% (95%CI 0.111 to 0.177) from 2011 to 2018.ConclusionsThe prevalence of frailty in China is high. Economic underdevelopment is higher in more developed regions. The prevalence in hospital population is higher than that in community population. The prevalence of female in community and rural is higher than male. The higher ages has higher prevalence. The prevalence of frailty from 2011 to 2018 is higher than from 2003 to 2010. As no uniform screening tools exist, the results of this study requires further validations by high quality research.
ObjectiveTo explore the application of Toumai® minimally invasive endoscopic robot in thoracic surgery, and to observe its safety and short-term surgical efficacy. MethodsThree patients were enrolled from October to December 2021, including 1 male (69 years) and 2 females (47 years and 22 years). All 3 patients received surgery with Toumai® endoscopic surgical robot, including radical lung cancer surgery in 2 patients and mediastinal tumor resection in 1 patient. ResultsAll 3 patients were successfully operated without conversion to thoracotomy, complication or death. For the male lobectomy patient, the total operation time was 120 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 100 mL, the catheter drainage time was 4 days and the hospital stay time was 5 days. For the female lobectomy patient, the total operation time was 103 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 100 mL, the catheter drainage time was 4 days and the hospital stay time was 5 days. For the female mediastinal tumor patient, the total operation time was 81 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 50 mL, the catheter drainage time was 3 days and the hospital stay time was 3 days. ConclusionThe Toumai® minimally invasive endoscopic surgical robot is safe and effective in thoracic surgery. Compared with Da Vinci surgical robot, Toumai® has the same 3D visual field experience and smooth operation.
The early diagnosis of lung cancer and the corresponding treatment measures are crucial factors to reduce mortality rate. As an emerging technology, artificial intelligence has developed rapidly and it is used in the medical field to provide new ideas for the early diagnosis of lung cancer, which has achieved remarkable results. Artificial intelligence greatly eases the pressure of clinical work, changes the current medical model, and is expected to make doctors as a decision-maker. This article mainly describes the research progress on artificial intelligence in the identification of benign and malignant lung nodules, pathological typing, determination of markers, and detection of plasma circulating tumor DNA.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Krüppel-like factor 7 (KLF7) on the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and electroretinogram (ERG) after retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury in mice.MethodsA total of 126 male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into normal group, RIR group, normal-KLF7 group, normal-green fluorescent protein (GFP) group, RIR-KLF7 group and RIR-GFP group. At the age of 8 weeks, mice of normal-KLF7 group and RIR-KLF7 group were intravitreally injected 1ul of 1.0×1012 vg/ml adeno-associated virus overexpressing KLF7 (AAV2-KLF7-GFP). Mice of normal-GFP group and RIR-GFP group were injected adeno-associated virus of AAV2-GFP with the same titer. At the age of 11 weeks, RIR injury was induced in mice of RIR group, RIR-KLF7 group and RIR-GFP group, and intraocular pressure was measured. Retinal cryosections were used to access the efficacy of virus transfection 4 weeks after AAV2-KLF7-GFP transfer. 7 days after RIR injury, RGCs’ survival rate was observed and quantified by immunofluorescent staining. ERG was performed to observe the differences in amplitudes and incubation period of scotopic ERG a-, b-wave, oscillatory potentials (Ops), photopic negative responses (PhNR). Optomotor response was performed to observe the differences of visual acuity. Expression of KLF7 was detected by western blot 4 weeks after AAV2-KLF7-GFP transfer.ResultsCompared with normal group, RGCs’ survival rates, amplitudes of ERG a-, b-wave, Ops, PhNR and visual acuity of mice in RIR group were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (t=12.860, 7.157, 5.735, 8.953, 4.744, 9.887; P＜0.05). With the increase of light intensity, the amplitudes of scotopic ERG a- and b-wave were gradually increased while the incubation period was gradually shortened. Compared with RIR group, RGCs’ survival rates, amplitudes of ERG a-, b-wave, Ops, PhNR and visual acuity of mice in RIR-KLF7 group were increased, and the differences were statistically significant (t=6.350, 3.253, 3.695, 5.825, 5.325, 4.591; P＜0.05). Protein level of KLF7 was up-regulated in normal-KLF7 group than those in normal group, and the difference was statistically significant (t=4.105, P＜0.01).ConclusionOverexpression of KLF7 can improve RGCs’ survival rates and preserve the electrophysiological function.