To study the effect of autogeneic PRP on prol iferation and osteogenetic differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in vitro. Methods ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue obtained from donor undergoing l iposuction and were cultured, and growth condition of the cells was observed by inverted microscope. ADSCs at passage 3 were cultured in adipogenic or chondrogenic medium and underwent identification, immunofluorescence staining observations for CD29 and CD44 were performed. ADSCs at passage 3 were divided into 2 groups: PRP group cultured by osteogenic induction culture medium containing 10 mL/L PRP, and control group cultured by osteogenic induction culture medium without PRP. Then growth condition of the cells was observed by inverted microscope. MTT method was used to observe cell prol iferation activity 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days after culture. ALP activity detection was conducted 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after culture. ALP staining was performed on PRP group 7 and 14 days after culture. Al izarin red staining was performed on PRP group 14 days after culture to detect the formation of calcium nodule. Results Under the inverted microscope, most ADSCs at passage 3 were spindle-shaped and the doubl ing time was about 35 hours. Adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation were confirmed, and the cells were positive for CD29 and CD44 immunofluorescence staining. MTT method revealed the absorbance value of PRP group at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days was 0.137 ± 0.015, 0.219 ± 0.023, 0.367 ± 0.031, 0.586 ± 0.039 and 0.948 ± 0.046, respectively, and in the control group, it was 0.081 ± 0.009, 0.115 ± 0.012, 0.162 ± 0.017, 0.242 ± 0.025 and 0.356 ± 0.032, respectively, suggesting there were significant differences between two groups (P lt; 0.01). At 7 days after osteogenic induction, PRP group was positive for ALP staining, grey-black cell plasm and black precipitate were evident; the positive cells increased
ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism of impeded wound healing by exogenous hyaluronan (HA). Methods Wound healing models were established on 18 adult rabbit ears, which were randomly divided into 3 groups, the 2% HA treated-group (group A), the 1% HA treated-group(group B), and the PBS control-group (group C). The process of wound healing was observed morphologically and histologically. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin in fibroblast was measured by immunohistochemical method. Results ①The mean values of wound healing time of groups A, B and C were (11.7±0.6), (11.3±0.6), and (10.8±1.0) days respectively. Wound contraction was greater in group C than in group A and group B. ②Compared with PBS controls, the collagen fibril was slender and arrayed regularly in HA treated wound. ③ The expression of α-smooth muscle actin was greater in group C than in groups A and B. Conclusion It is one of reasons of impeded wound healing that exogenous HA inhibits the expression of α-smooth muscle protein and wound contraction. There exists dose-dependant effect.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the importance of the posterior and lateral arterial network of elbow in the application of the super-regional and mutual-pedicled axial flap. METHODS: Twenty-seven upper extremities of adult cadavers were prepared as casts of Acrylomintril Batradiene Styrene(ABS) resin and corroded in a b solution of NaOH according to natural layers of human tissue. The source, site and structure of the posterior and lateral arterial network of elbow were observed, the number and total sectional area of anastomosing branches crossing the line between two humeral epicondyles were measured and compared with the medial and anterior region. RESULTS: There are 8.64 +/- 2.74(36.42%) and 8.30 +/- 1.19(35.0%) anastomosing branches crossing the posterior and lateral regions, and total section areas are (0.48 +/- 0.11) mm2 and (0.37 +/- 0.03) mm2 respectively. So there is very rich arterial network around the elbow. CONCLUSION: The enough number of anastomosing branches and their section areas of the posterior and lateral region of the elbow make it possible to connect super-regional and mutual-pedicled axial flaps crossing the elbow.
OBJECTIVE In order to reduce the complication of the transposition of superficial cervical artery skin flap for the repair of neck defect, the method of pre-expanded skin flap was designed, and its clinical result was observed. METHODS From March 1995 to October 1997, 12 cases with cicatricial contracture of the neck were treated by the following methods, preexpanded superficial cervical artery skin flap, and then transposed it for the reconstruction the cervical scar after burns. There were 8 males and 4 females and the age ranged from 6 to 32 years. A maximal size of flap was 35 cm x 14 cm and a minimal size was 16 cm x 7 cm. RESULTS All the flaps were survived except one, which partial necrosis occurred in the tip. Postoperative follow-up for 6 months to 3 years showed that the physiological angle of cervico-mandibular angle was recovered and the appearance of flap was satisfactory without swelling and contracture. CONCLUSION The preexpanded superficial cervical artery skin flap has many advantages, and it is particularly suitable for reconstruction of severe cervical contracture after extensive burns.
Objective To review the research progress of midfacial fat compartments, and to thoroughly understand its current state of the anatomy and the aging morphologic characters of midfacial fat compartments, as well as the current status of clinical applications. Methods The recent literature concerning the midfacial fat compartments and related clinical applications were extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results Midfacial fat layer has been considered as a fusion and a continuous layer, experiencing a global atrophy when aging. As more anatomical researches have done, recent studies have shown that midfacial fat layer is broadly divided into superficial and deep layers, which are both divided into different fat compartments by fascia, ligaments, or muscles. Midfacial fat compartments tend to atrophy with age, specifically in the deep fat compartments while hypertrophy in the superficial fat compartments. Clinical applications show that fat volumetric restoration with deep medial cheek fat and Ristow’s space can restore the appearance of midface effectively. Conclusion In recent years, the researches of midfacial fat compartments have achieved obvious progress, which will provide new ideas and basis for fat volumetric restoration. Corresponding treatments are selected based on different sites and different layers with different aging changes, reshaping a more youthful midface.
Objective To investigate the effect of tranilast on wound healing and the mechanism of inhibiting scar hyperplasia in mice, and to study the relationship between the inhibiting ability of tranilast on scar hyperplasia and administration time. Methods Sixty-six Kunming mice were selected to build deep II degree burn model, and were randomly divided into the control group (18 mice), the early intervention group (18 mice), the medium intervention group (18 mice), and the late intervention group (12 mice). The mice in the early intervention group, the medium-term intervention group, and the late intervention group were given tranilast 200 mg/(kg·d) by gastrogavage at immediate, 7 days, and 14 days after burn respectively, and the mice in the control group were managed with same amount of normal saline every day. The wound healing was observed regularly. At 14, 28, and 42 days in the early and medium intervention groups and at 28 and 42 days in the late intervention group, fresh tissues were taken from 6 mice to observe the shape of mast cells by toluidine blue staining, collagen content by Masson staining; the collagen type I and collagen type III content were measured to calculate the I/III collagen content ratio by immunohistochemistry method, the contents of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and histamine were detected by ELISA; and the ultrastructure of fibroblasts was observed under transmission electron microscope. Results There was no significant difference in wound healing time between groups (F=1.105,P=0.371). The mast cells number, collagen content, TGF-β1 content, histamine content, and the I/III collagen content ratio in the early intervention group were significantly less than those in the other groups (P<0.05). Significant difference was found in mast cells number, collagen content, and histamine content between control group and medium or late intervention group at the other time points (P<0.05) except between control group and late intervention group at 42 days (P>0.05). Compared with the control group, the activity of fibroblasts in the early intervention group was obviously inhibited, and the arrangement of the fibers was more regular; the fibroblast activity in the medium and late intervention groups was also inhibited obviously. Conclusion Tranilast has no obvious effect on the wound healing time in mice. Tranilast intervention shows the inhibitory effect on the scar hyperplasia which can significantly reduce the number of mast cells, the content of histamine and TGF-β1, inhibit the ability of fibroblasts synthetic collagen and adjust the proportion of collagen synthesis. The immediate tranilast intervention may have the best inhibitory effect on scar hyperplasia.