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女性癫痫患者妊娠登记的研究进展

女性癫痫患者妊娠期的药物治疗缺乏等级较高的临床证据支持，而单中心研究很难纳入足够大的样本，并且对妊娠期癫痫患者进行随机对照试验也不符合医学伦理，因而多国家、多中心合作的癫痫妊娠登记系统应运而生。目前国际上最大三个癫痫妊娠登记分别为英国及爱尔兰癫痫妊娠登记（the UK and Ireland Epilepsy and Pregnancy Registers，UKIEPR）、北美抗癫痫药物妊娠登记（the North American AED Pregnancy Registry）和国际抗癫痫药物妊娠登记（International Registry of Antiepileptic Drugs and Pregnancy，EURAP）。文章首先简要介绍上述三大癫痫妊娠登记，并对这三大登记系统的方法学等特点进行比较，其次从多角度总结国外癫痫妊娠登记的研究成果，最后简述癫痫与妊娠登记的延伸研究，以期为我国抗癫痫药物妊娠登记的开展提供有益借鉴。

Rational Choice of Mechanical and Bioprosthesis Valve

Heart valve replacement is the major surgical treatment of severe valvular diseases. Due to the durability and reoperation-free, mechanical valves are widely used. Bioprosthesis valves became popular recently because of long service life and no demand for lifelong anticoagulation. However, how to choose the appropriate prosthetic heart valves, especially the application of bioprosthesis valves for patients at 55 to 65 years is still a major problem. This review focuses on more effective and scientific basis for rational choice of mechanical and bioprosthesis valve.

癫痫持续状态预后评分的评估比较研究