早产儿视网膜病变（ROP）是儿童盲的重要致盲原因之一，随着ROP防治指南的颁布以及ROP筛查工作的开展，我国ROP发病率和致盲率有所下降。正确认识和理解ROP分类、筛查标准和治疗指南；建立完善的ROP筛查体系，提高筛查水平；加强ROP临床和基础研究，将有助于进一步降低我国ROP发病率和致盲率
Objective To analyze the causes and pathogens of infectious endophthalmitis in our hospital. Methods The clinical data and laboratory findings of 282 inpatients with infectious endophthalmitis were retrospectively reviewed. There were 206 males（73.05%）and 76 females（26.95%）with a mean age of (36.0plusmn;11.2) years (range from 2 to 79 years). Except 14 patients who lost their eyeballs as of serious conditions, pathogen examinations of vitreous specimen had been performed for all remaining 268 cases. The clinical and laboratory data were statistically analyzed by Chi-square and Kappa consistency tests, when P＜0.05 the difference should be considered as statistically significant. Results The 4 major causes of infectious endophthalmitis of those 282 patients included ocular trauma (177 cases, 62.77%), infectious keratitis (61 cases, 21.63%), eye surgery (32 cases, 11.35%), and endogenous endophthalmitis (12 cases, 4.25%). 19.21% of the patients in ocular trauma group was 2-13 years old, 55.74% of the patients in infectious keratitis group was 14 -50 years old, and 60.61% of the patients in eye surgery group was 51-79 years old. The major pathogens were fungus and staphylococci each accounted for 30.63% of all cases. Most of the pathogenic bacteria were sensitive to ciprofloxacin (81.81%) and gentamicin (77.92%). Conclusions The major reason of infectious endophthalmitis was ocular trauma, and the major pathogens were fungus and staphylococci. Those findings may help us to treat infectious endophthalmitis patients appropriately.
Objective To estimate the prevalence rate and risk factors of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in rural residents in Changzhi. Methods With the help of an established resident health data, a epidemiology study was performed on 63 409 residents (ge;15 years old) in the rural area of Changzhi; while the standard of diagnosis of diabetes was in accordance with the standard made by WHO in 1997. Diabetes was diagnosed in 2632 residents, and these patients underwent the investigation and examination including the disease history, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood glucose, visual acuity, ocular diseases and intraocular pressure. The standard of DR was drawn according to the diagnosis standard made by Chinese Ocular Fundus Diseases Society, Chinese Ophthalmological Society, Chinese Medical Association in 1985. The data was statistically analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results A total of 57 500 residents underwent the examination with the participating rate of 90.68%; 2632(4.58%) were diagnosed as with diabetes, in whom 986 were with DR (with DR prevalence of 37.46%). The duration of diabetes was the independent risk factor of DR (r=0.210,P＜0.001). The duration of diabetes and combined with hypertension were the influence factors of the development of DR. The visual acuity in residents with or without DR differed significantly（P＜0.01）. The level of HbA1c was positively related to DR. Conclusions The incidence of DR is high in residents with diabetes in eastern countryside area of Changzhi. The duration of diabetes and combined with hypertension were the influence factors of the development of DR. The level of HbA1c may be the important indicator which can monitor the occurrence and development of DR in patients with diabetes.
Objective To investigate epidemiological characteristics of geriatric hip fractures between 2010 and 2011 in Hebei province. Methods The digital radiography image data and basic information of patients above 60 years old with hip fractures (femoral neck fracture, femoral intertrochanteric fracture, and femoral head fracture) in 5 hospitals of Hebei province between January 2010 and December 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. All the data including patients’ gender, age, and AO types were abstracted and analyzed to investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of geriatric hip fractures in Hebei province. Results A total of 4 207 hip fracture patients above 60 years old were included, accounting for 59.61% of all patients with hip fractures and 26.24% of all fractures patients over 60 years old in the same period. There were 1 703 (40.48%) males and 2 504 (59.52%) females (M∶F=1∶1.47). The patients ranged in age from 61 to 99 years, with an average of 75.4 years; the majority of patients aged 70-79 years (43.97%) and the minority of the patients aged 90-99 years (2.02%); women of all ages were more than men, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05). According to AO classification, there were 2 118 cases (50.34%) of type 31-A, 2 004 case (47.63%) of type 31-B, and 85 cases (2.02%) of type 31-C. Except for the type 31-A1, 31-A3, and 31-C1 of 60-69 age group, and the type 31-A3 of 80-89 age groups, women were significantly more than men. Conclusion There are more women than men in hip fractures in Hebei province, and 70-79 age group is the high-risk age group of geriatric hip fractures. Among them, intertrochanteric comminuted fractures are common types.
Objective To investigate the epidemical status of influenza in Mianyang during 2010-2011, so as to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods Surveillance data, ILI etiological results, outbreak and epidemic situation of the influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in Mianyang during 2010-2011 were collected for analysis. Results There were 12 100 ILI cases reported in 2010, accounted for 2.72% of the total outpatients. While 8 364 ILI cases accounted for 1.83% of the total outpatients were reported in 2011, reduced by 32.47% compared with 2010. The temporal distribution of doctor-visiting ratio in those two years was in an increased bimodal pattern. Most cases were children aged 0-5 years, accounted for 46.24%. Most ILI cases were treated in the department of fever, accounted for 88.56%. A total of 788 ILI specimens were collected for the detection of Real time RT-PCR, of which 34 specimens showed positive strains (4.31%) including 5 influenza A/H1N1 (0.63%), 8 influenza A (1.02%), 1 seasonal influenza A/H3 (0.13%) and 20 influenza B (2.54%). No outbreak and epidemic situation in Mianyang during 2010-2011. Conclusion The influenza activity is relatively stable without large-scale outbreak in Mianyang during 2010-2011. The reporting quality of surveillance hospitals should be improved and the lab of flu surveillance network should actively prepare to do the isolation and identification of influenza virus. It is necessary to enhance flu surveillance so as to prevent and control influenza prevalence．
Objective To explore the incidence, age distribution and change tendency of female breast cancer in urban Shenyang from 2000 to 2009. Methods The incidence data of female breast cancer recorded in Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention from 2000 to 2009 were collected, and the incidence and standardized incidence of breast cancer were analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 software. The incidence trend was analyzed by means of χ2 trend test and linear regression. Results The annual average crude incidence rate of female breast cancer in urban Shenyang from 2000 to 2009 was 46.03/100 000, while the annual average standardized incidence rate was 35.63/100 000, increased by 160.41% and 109.39% respectively during past 10 years, and the annual average increase was 11.22% and 8.56%, respectively. Both crude incidence rate and standardized incidence rate were in increasing trends with statistical significance (Plt;0.001). The crude incidence rate of the female at age of 50-64 showed a perpendicular rise trend, increased by 271.97%, and the annual average increase was 15.72%. The χ2 trend test and linear regression showed a significant difference (χ2=276.743, P=0.000; y= –22 355.560+11.205x, P=0.000). Conclusion The incidence of female breast cancer in urban Shenyang tends to rise with a younger-aged trend, and the female at age of 50-64 are commonly affected.