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find Keyword "清洁" 10 results
  • CONSERVATIVE DRESSING CHANGE METHOD IN TREATMENT OF SKIN NECROSIS AFTER OPEN REDUCTION WITH INTERNAL FIXATION OF CALCANEAL FRACTURE

    Objective To explore the effectiveness of conservative dressing change method in treating skin necrosis after open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) of calcaneal fracture. Methods Between November 2007 and June 2010, 21 cases of skin necrosis after ORIF of calcaneal fracture were treated, including 18 cases of Sanders type II and 3 cases ofSanders type III. There were 20 males and 1 female with an average age of 33.1 years (range, 23-60 years). All fractures were close fractures and were treated by ORIF with plate. Skin necrosis occurred at 3-5 days (mean, 4 days) after internal fixation. The interval of internal fixation and conservative dressing change was 3-10 days (mean, 6 days). Of 21 cases, 10 cases had superfacial skin necrosis with a size range of 1-10 cm in length and 0.5-1.5 cm in width, and 11 cases had deep skin necrosis with a size range of 1-8 cm in length and 0.5-1.5 cm in width. The conservative dressing change method was performed. Alcohol (75%) was used at the edge of the zone of skin necrosis, whereas sal ine in the central of the wound every 2-3 days. The necrosed tissue in the wound was reserved as more as possible. No patient was given antibiotic. Results Scab formed and subcrust heal ing was observed after 6-30 days (mean, 16 days) in 20 patients, 1 patient failed for discontinue treatment. No case had deep infection or osteomyl itis. The mean treatment time was 7.8 days (range, 6-14 days) in 10 cases of superfacial skin necrosis, and was 23.1 days (range, 14-30 days) in 10 cases of deep skin necrosis. All cases were followed up 92 days on average (range, 54-123 days). The scar was usually dark red and hard, protruding from the normal skin. No patient had difficulty in weight bearing or walking. Conclusion Skin necrosis after ORIF of calcaneal fracture can be cured by the conservative dressing change method, and this conservative method is effective and economic.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:44 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Effect of Alcohol in Care of Umbilical Cord for the Departure Time and Skin Flora: A Randomized Controlled Trial

    Objectives To compare umbilical cord daily care protocol in the current clinical setting in which 75% alcohol sterile is used daily for the umbilical and surrounding skins with the WHO-recommended method (dry and clean). Methods A total of 283 full-term newborns were randomly divided into two groups: the trial group (n=181) receiving WHO “dry and clean” protocol that the umbilical cord was open to air (with losing clothes), cleaned by clear water instead of alcohol. The control group (n=102) used the traditional method that after the newborns’ bathing, the umbilical cord and surrounding skins were sterilized with 75% alcohol. The basic condition of the newborns, umbilical departure time and complications around the navel were assessed. And bacterial culture from the newborns’ skins was observed. Results There were no significant differences in departure time of the umbilical cord (7.64±3.29 day vs. 8.50±3.45 days t=1.82, Pgt;0.05), complications (6 patients with slight omphalitis in the trial group and 2 patients with slight omphalitis in the control group), and the skin flora culture between the two groups. The umbilical cord of the newborns dropped off safely. And no fever was found. Conclusion This study does not support that 75% alcohol can prevent the umbilical cord from being infected. Keeping the umbilical cord and surrounding skins dry is important for infection control.

    Release date:2016-09-07 11:23 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • CT肠道三维重建薄层扫描检查的护理配合

    目的 讨论CT肠道三维重建薄层扫描(CTE)检查的护理及配合。 方法 对2011年1月-2012年2月34例行CTE检查患者予以详尽的宣传教育和充分的肠道准备,使患者顺利完成检查事项。 结果 34例患者都获得较为满意的检测图像及诊断数据,为疾患的诊断和治疗提供了可靠、有效的依据。 结论 CTE检查安全方便,良好的护理配合是检查成功的保证;检查前肠道清洁,口服甘露醇充盈小肠可有效改善CT图像质量,提高检查成功率和诊断准确率。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical Research on Rinse-free Cleaning Liquid for Hair Washing and Sponge Bath in Critically Ill Patients

    目的 观察免冲洗护理清洁液用于重症患者基础护理洗发和擦浴的临床效果。 方法 2012年6月-12月随机选取100 例重症监护患者,应用免冲洗护理清洁液洗发和擦浴,观察患者洗发、擦浴前后清洁情况、生命体征、感观及不良反应,并作微生物检测。 结果 免冲洗护理清洁液清洁效果优良率100%,清洗前细菌数(731.35 ± 49.23)cfu/cm2,清洗后细菌数(7.87 ± 0.39)cfu/cm2,细菌检测下降幅度为99.01%。 结论 免冲洗护理清洁液使用简便、安全,适宜卧床重症患者洁身之用,可在临床推广应用。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:38 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 膀胱冲洗频率对脊髓损伤患者预防尿路感染的效果分析

    目的探讨在脊髓损伤行清洁间歇导尿的患者中膀胱冲洗频率对其预防尿路感染的作用。 方法2012年7月-2013年7月,采用随机对照试验,比较膀胱冲洗频率为1次/d的137例患者(试验组)和冲洗频率为2次/周的141例患者(对照组)的导尿管相关泌尿道感染发生率。 结果导尿后48 h、7 d、14 d,试验组导尿管相关泌尿道感染率分别为2.84%、14.89%、27.66%,对照组分别为2.19%、16.79%、29.93%,两组各阶段差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 结论每日膀胱冲洗对脊髓损伤清洁间歇导尿的患者预防导尿管相关尿路感染作用不明显。

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  • 医院环境清洁荧光检测的量化评估研究

    目的采用荧光标记法对医院环境卫生清洁效果进行科学评价。 方法2015年1月-2月选择中国石油天然气集团公司中心医院、中国医学科学院血液病医院的内科、呼吸科、普外科、重症医学科等病区的250间病房对病床、卫生间和医疗器械的5 487个清洁接触面作荧光标记定向环境清洁评价,并对保洁员进行培训和现场指导,比较干预前后的清除率。 结果基线调查88 间病房,2 175个接触清洁面的清除率仅为36.28%,经过干预培训教育后,干预后3 115个接触清洁面清除率为64.40%,干预前后清除率差异有统计学意义(χ2=417.198,P<0.001)。基线调查医疗器械、病床和卫生间接触清洁面的清除率分别为42.02%、40.23%、15.90%,干预后上升为73.17%、68.99%、42.59%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。 结论荧光标记法既能直观反映保洁员操作的质量,又能为改善病房环境清洁水平提供可靠的依据。

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  • Intervention Studies on Object Surface Cleaning Compliance in the Ward Environment

    ObjectiveTo analyze the status quo, problems and weak points of cleaning compliance in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), and assess the intervention effects by evaluating the object surface cleaning quality in the ICU. MethodsBetween September 1st and December 1st, 2014, fluorescence marker was used to mark the surfaces of medical instruments and objects in the ward which were supposed to be cleaned by the nursing and cleaning staff. The assessment of cleaning compliance was performed through observing the residual fluorescence. Then, targeted intervention was carried out for situations with a low cleaning compliance. ResultsBefore the intervention, the thorough cleaning rates of medical instruments in the Comprehensive ICU, Neurological ICU (NICU), and Chest ICU were respectively 43.3%, 31.4%, and 23.8%, and the thorough surface cleaning rates for those units in order were 67.1%, 60.5%, and 48.4%, respectively. After the first intervention, the cleaning rate of medical instruments in the Comprehensive ICU was 47.1%, which had no significant change (P=0.345), but the rate in the NICU and Chest ICU reached respectively 65.3% and 35.1%, which was significantly improved (P<0.05). The object surface cleaning rates were 73.3% and 58.1% in the Comprehensive ICU and Chest ICU after the first intervention, and there was no significant difference compared with those before the intervention (P>0.05), but the object surface cleaning rate in the NICU was significantly improved to 85.5% (P<0.05). After the second intervention, the medical equipment cleaning rates were 66.9%, 83.3%, and 57.4%, respectively for those three units, and compared with those before intervention, all the three were significantly improved (P<0.05). The object surface cleaning rates for NICU and Chest ICU were significantly raised to 85.6% and 84.2% (P<0.05), while it was 65.7% in the Comprehensive ICU and was not significantly improved (P=0.767). ConclusionObservation and supervision through a feedback system can raise the cleaning compliance, which is helpful in controlling and preventing nosocomial infection.

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  • 两种医疗仪器设备表面消毒方法对比研究

    目的比较卫生湿巾和纱布蘸取75%乙醇两种医疗仪器设备表面消毒方式的效果、成本和使用者体验,为临床选择提供支持。 方法于2014年1月-5月使用三磷酸腺苷生物荧光检测仪检测两种方法清洁消毒前后仪器设备表面的污染程度[相对发光度(RLU)];对比两种方法处理每床单元仪器设备表面使用成本;使用满意度调查问卷评测医务人员对两种方法的使用主观感受。 结果卫生湿巾清洁消毒后的RLU降低率(61.63%)高于纱布蘸取75%乙醇消毒后的RLU降低率(47.56%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);纱布蘸取75%乙醇清洁消毒,每床单元每日成本价为4.32元,卫生湿巾清洁消毒成本为3.60元;满意度调查显示8项主观评判项目卫生湿巾均优于纱布蘸取75%乙醇。 结论卫生湿巾在清洁消毒效果、使用成本、使用者体验上均优于传统的纱布蘸取75%乙醇清洁消毒方式,更适宜临床作为仪器设备清洁消毒方式。

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  • 三种监测方法评价重症监护病房环境物体表面清洁消毒效果的对比研究

    目的采用3种监测方法评价重症监护病房(ICU)环境物体表面清洁消毒效果,为ICU选择环境物体表面清洁消毒效果监测方法提供依据,提高ICU医务人员对环境清洁消毒工作重要性的认识。 方法2015年4月1日-30日选择ICU手高频接触物体表面100处,分别采用荧光标记监测法、棉拭子采样监测法、平皿印迹监测法监测环境物体表面清洁消毒效果,数据分析采用SPSS 19.0软件处理。 结果荧光标记监测法、棉拭子采样监测法、平皿印迹监测法监测合格率分别为26%、67%和75%,荧光标记监测法合格率低于棉拭子采样监测法和平皿印迹监测法,差异有统计学意义(χ2=33.786,P<0.001;χ2=48.025,P<0.001),棉拭子采样监测法与平皿印迹监测法合格率比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.554,P=0.213);3种监测方法结果不合格采样点具有一致性;荧光标记监测法具有便捷性、可视性、操作简单,成本低。 结论荧光标记监测法、棉拭子采样监测法、平皿印迹监测法3种监测方法均可用于评价ICU环境物体表面清洁消毒效果,但荧光标记监测法优于棉拭子采样监测法和平皿印迹监测法。

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  • Application of Continuous Nursing in Patients with Clean Intermittent Catheterization

    ObjectiveTo explore the effect and significance of continuous nursing in patients with clean intermittent catheterization. MethodsFrom July to December 2013, 47 patients with spinal cord injury still relying on clean intermittent catheterization were selected as the control group, whom were given the routine care and guidance. From January to June 2014, 51 patients with spinal cord injury still relying on clean intermittent catheterization were selected as the study group; in addition to routine nursing instruction before leaving hospital, they were also guided with the continuous nursing. In the way of telephone follow-up, we analyzed the results via the questionnaire of the effect of continuous nursing for spinal cord injured patients with clean intermittent catheterization. ResultsThe incidence of catheter related complications such as urinary tract infections in the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The caregivers' ability for patients in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.01). ConclusionThe continuous follow-up nursing instruction can improve the nursing ability of caregivers, and effectively reduce the occurrence of catheter related complications.

    Release date:2016-11-23 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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