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find Keyword "溃疡" 203 results
  • Evidence-Based Nursing Practice of Best Turning Over Strategy for a Patient with the Risk of Pressure Ulcer

    Objective To formulate an evidence-based nursing strategy of turning over for a patient with the risk of pressure ulcer. Methods The personalized clinical questions were put forward based on the PICO and patient’s condition, and the following databases such as NGC, The Cochrane Library of DARE, CDSR, CCTR, MEDLINE, PubMed and CBM were searched to collect the best clinical evidences of turning over for preventing pressure ulcer. Results One clinical guideline, one systematic review and three randomized controlled trials were included finally. According to the retrieval outcomes, patient’s clinical condition, and patients and their family members’ willingness, a reasonable nursing plan of turning over was formulated: lie on the visco-elastic foam decompression bed, turn over every 4 hours, and combine supine position with alternation of left-oblique 30° position and right-oblique 30° position. During hospitalization, the grade-I pressure ulcer in size of 4×6 cm2 on patient’s sacrococcygeal region was clear, dry and not broken, and the other part of body with pigmentation had no occurrence of pressure ulcer. Conclusion Evidence-based approaches are helpful to provide patient with a nursing plan that meets the needs of both scientificalness and individualization.

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  • Intensive versus Routine Education on Diabetes Mellitus for Preventing Diabetic Foot Ulcer: A Systematic Review

    Objective To assess the effectiveness of intensive versus routine education on diabetes mellitus for preventing diabetic foot ulcer. Methods We electronically searched CENTRAL (Issue 1, 2013), PubMed (1978-2013), EMbase (1978-2013), VIP (1989-2013) and WanFang Data (1980-2013), hand-searched correlated proceedings and retrieved the references of included studies, for the randomized controlled trials on intensive versus routine education on diabetes mellitus for preventing diabetic foot ulcer all over the world. Two reviewers independently screened literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results Twelve trials involving 1 841 patients were finally included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: a) the incidence of diabetic foot ulcer in the intensive education group was lower than the routine group, with a significant difference (RR=0.51, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.84, P=0.008); b) two groups were alike in the amputation rate, with no significant difference (OR=0.54, 95%CI 0.17 to 1.67, P=0.28); and c) the score of knowledge on diabetes mellitus was higher in the intensive education group than in the routine education group, with a significant difference (MD=7.32, 95%CI 3.57 to 11.06, P=0.000 1). Conclusion Current evidence shows that: compared with routine education, intensive education could reduce the incidence of diabetic foot ulcer effectively. However, the above conclusion should be verified by conducting more high quality studies.

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  • PPI versus H2RA for Both the Prevention of Bleeding and the Healing of Ulcer after ESD: A Meta-Analysis

    Objective To compare proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and H2 receptor antagonists (H2RA) for both the prevention of bleeding and the healing of ulcer after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), so as to provide best evidence for treating ESD-induced ulcer in clinic. Methods Databases including PubMed, CENTRAL, EMbase, ISI Web of Knowledge, VIP, CNKI, CBM and WanFang Data were searched from the date of their establishment to October 26, 2012 to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) about comparison of PPI and H2RA on the prevention of bleeding and the healing of ulcer after ESD. Meanwhile the references of the included studies were also retrieved manually. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature selection, data extraction and quality assessment were performed by four reviewers independently, and meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 6 studies involving 616 patients were included finally. The results of meta-analysis showed that: for the prevention of ulcer bleeding after ESD, PPI preceded H2RA apparently (OR=0.51, 95%CI 0.29 to 0.89, P=0.02), especially when the treatment course was 8-week (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.22 to 0.82, P=0.01); but among the merged, 8-week and 4-week groups, there were no significant differences between PPI and H2RA in the healing of ESD-induced ulcer (OR=0.85, 95%CI 0.39 to 1.86, P=0.69; OR=1.33, 95%CI 0.28 to 6.27, P=0.72; OR=0.75, 95%CI 0.31 to 1.79, P=0.52). Conclusion PPI is superior to H2RA for the prevention of ulcer bleeding induced by ESD, but there is no significant difference between them in the healing of ulcer, so PPI is recommended to prevent ESD-induced ulcer bleeding in clinic. Due to the limitation of quantity and quality of the included studies, the safety of PPI has to be further proved by conducting more high quality, large scale and multicenter RCTs.

    Release date:2016-08-25 02:39 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Topical Phenytoin for Wound Healing: A Systematic Review

    Objective To explore the effectiveness and safety of topical phenytoin for wound healing. Methods We searched MEDLINE (1966 to Oct. 2002), EMBASE (1984 to 2002), The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2002), Biological Abstracts (1993 to 1996), Cancerlit (1997 to Sept. 2002), Life Science Collection (1982 to Mar. 1995), International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970 to 2002), and CBMdisc (1978 to Jan. 2003). Controlled trials on topical phenytoin for wound healing were identified. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed, and a descriptive analysis was performed. Results Nine studies (507 cases) including 1 randomized controlled trials (RCT) and 8 non-randomized controlled trials were included. These studies were of poor methodological quality. Because there were a variety of etiology of ulcers, differnet interventions in control groups, and different outcome measures, for which meta-analysis was difficult to perform, a descriptive analysis of the results was presented. Most studies showed that topical phenytoin had better effects on improving healthy granulation appearance, increasing complete recovery rate, reducing time for complete recovery, and positive cases of bacterial culture than those of control groups. Mild side effects were observed in only one study.Conclusions The reviewers think that the inclusion studies less rigorous than randomized controlled trials could result in misleading findings.Some well designed randomized controlled trials of topical phenytoin for wound healing are warranted.

    Release date:2016-08-25 03:33 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 德湿康、溃疡粉联合防漏膏治疗结肠造口皮肤黏膜分离的疗效及护理

    【摘要】 目的 观察德湿康、溃疡粉联合防漏膏治疗结肠造口皮肤黏膜分离的临床疗效。 方法 2008年8月-2010年8月,对21例直肠癌Miles术后造口皮肤黏膜分离患者,采用聚维酮碘溶液对造口皮肤黏膜分离处周围皮肤消毒,表浅伤口洒予溃疡粉,较深伤口施填德湿康敷料,并涂抹防漏膏,粘贴造口袋等措施予以治疗及护理。 结果 21例造口皮肤黏膜分离患者均痊愈,无伤口感染发生。 结论 湿性愈合敷料联合防漏膏治疗结肠造口皮肤黏膜分离,其吸收渗液多,肉芽生长快,可防止肠内容物污染伤口,有效地促进伤口愈合。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:18 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Efficiency Analysis of Somatostatin for the Treatment of Peptic Ulcer Complicated by Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

    目的:比较国产生长抑素与进口生长抑素治疗消化性溃疡出血的经济效果。方法:将120例消化性溃疡伴出血的患者随机分成国产生长抑素及进口生长抑素组,分别给予国产生长抑素、进口生长抑素治疗3天,观察疗效,并进行药物经济学评价。 结果: 国产生长抑素、进口生长抑素治疗上消化道出血成本分别为558元和4116元,有统计学差异(P<005);有效率分别为925%和968%,无统计学差异 (Pgt;005),成本—效果比分别为60324和425207,有统计学差异(P<005)。结论: 从药物经济学角度分析,国产生长抑素治疗消化性溃疡出血较进口生长抑素更为经济。

    Release date:2016-08-26 02:21 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 和胃宝颗粒剂对幽门螺杆菌和消化性溃疡的实验研究

    摘要:目的:观察中药和胃宝颗粒剂在体外培养条件下对幽门螺杆菌(Hp)生长的影响, 以及和胃宝颗粒剂存在时Hp对几种常用抗生素敏感性的影响。方法:将Hp接种于含不同浓度和胃宝颗粒剂的布氏肉汤中培养, 测定和胃宝对三种菌株的抑制直径的改变。E检测法检测和胃宝对甲硝唑等抗生素MIC的影响。结果:(1)和胃宝颗粒剂可抑制Hp的生长, 这种抑制作用与甲硝唑大致相当, 明显优于克拉霉素。(2)和胃宝颗粒剂存在时, 分别使100%, 75%及75%的Hp对甲硝唑及克拉霉素的MIC降低, 提示和胃宝颗粒剂可使Hp对上述抗生素的敏感性增高。结论:和胃宝颗粒剂可抑制Hp的生长, 提高Hp对甲硝唑、克拉霉素及羟氨苄青霉素的敏感性。

    Release date:2016-08-26 03:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 锡类散思密达治疗溃疡性结肠炎伴不典型增生研究

    摘要:目的:锡类散思密达联合治疗溃疡性结肠炎伴不典型增生临床疗效观察。方法:锡类散思密达保留灌肠每晚一次,治疗4周后复查。结果:临床完全缓解32例,有效8例,无效2例,有效率95.23%;结肠镜下治疗后较治疗前明显改善,组织病理从治疗前轻度38例、中度4例治疗后无不典型增生30例、轻度10例、中度2例改变。结论:锡类散思密达治疗溃疡性结肠炎,疗效确切,症状改善快,副作用小。

    Release date:2016-08-26 03:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 丽珠胃三联不同疗程对幽门螺杆菌的根治作用

    摘要:目的:比较丽珠胃三联不同疗程对Hp的根治及胃溃疡的愈合情况,为临床合理使用丽珠胃三联提供依据。方法:198例患者随机分为三组:一周治疗组、两周治疗组和三周治疗组三组,分别给予丽珠胃三联:标准铋剂60 mg+克拉霉素250 mg+替硝唑500 mg治疗1、2、3周,均为每日2次。全部患者疗程结束后,停药4周复查胃镜和HP检查,以判断溃疡愈合和 Hp的根除情况。结果:经丽珠胃三联治疗1、2、3周后,Hp得到有效根除,胃溃疡愈合率大幅提升,其中一周治疗组Hp的根除率达85.71%,溃疡愈合率达80.95%,两周治疗组和三周治疗组Hp的根除率和胃溃疡愈合率明显高于一周治疗组(Plt;0.05),两周治疗组与三周治疗组无明显差异。结论:三组方案均能有效治疗胃溃疡,并能有效地根除幽门螺杆菌。两周疗程方案为更科学、有效的治疗方案。

    Release date:2016-08-26 03:57 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Introduction of the Technology on Calculation of the SurfaceArea and Volume of Diabetic Foot’s Ulcer

    目的:对糖尿病足溃疡中面积和体积计算的方法学的临床应用进行评价。方法:广泛查阅文献,并结合我们的实际,对计算糖尿病足溃疡中面积和体积的各种方法效果进行综合分析。结果:目前常用于计算糖尿病足溃疡面积的方法有公式法、数码照像计算法、无菌薄膜勾边法等,但以数码照像计算法更准确,更易被患者接受;目前常用于计算糖尿病足溃疡体积的方法有公式法、媒介填充法、CT足部扫描法等,但以媒介填充法更经济易行。结论:数码照像计算法是目前较好的用于测量糖尿病足溃疡面积的方法,而媒介填充法是较简便易行的测量糖尿病足溃疡体积的方法。

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:14 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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