Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of topical fluoride on prevention of enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment in China. Methods The Cochrane Library（Issue 9, 2012), MEDLINE (1996 to 2012.10), EMbase (1974 to 2012.10), CNKI (1994 to 2012.10), VIP (1994 to 2012.10), WanFang data (1998 to 2012.10) and CBM (1978 to 2012.10) are searched for the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-Randomized controlled trials (qRCTs) about topical fluoride preventing enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment. The bibliographies of the included studies were searched, too. Two reviewers evaluated the quality of the included studies and extracted data critically and independently, and then the extracted data were analyzed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results A total of 20 studies within 19 articles were included, which involved 26 323 teeth. The results of meta-analysis results show that, the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride varnish group (8.4%) was lower than that of the control group (16.0%) (OR=0.44, 95%CI 0.33 to 0.59, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride coating group (8.3%) was lower than that of the control group (17.7%) (OR=0.46, 95%CI 0.35 to 0.60, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride toothpaste group (9.0%) was lower than that of the control group (14.5%) (OR=0.59, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.71, Plt;0.000 01); the rate of enamel demineralization of the fluoride foam group (11.6%) was lower than that of the control group (18.2%) (OR=0.48, 95%CI 0.24 to 0.96, P=0.04); the rate of enamel demineralization of other groups (12.0%) was lower than that of the control group (21.8%) (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.30 to 0.60, Plt;0.000 01). Two outcomes were low quality in the GRADE system and the other three are very low quality. Conclusion Current domestic evidence shows that topical fluoride is effective to prevent enamel demineralization during the orthodontic treatment. However, given the low methodological quality of most included studies, this conclusion still needs to be further proved by conducting more strictly-designed, high-quality and large-scale studies.
【摘要】 目的 优化牙釉质电子顺磁共振（EPR）谱拟合程序。 方法 将牙釉质EPR谱拟合程序中的RIS-BGS偏移量设置为定参，取优化值；增加手动拟合功能，可以将参数初始值直接代入高斯模型得到拟合谱。 结果 将牙釉质EPR谱拟合程序中RIS-BGS偏移量设置为定参后，其优化值为0.529，减少了变参数量；采用手动拟合功能有助于调整参数初始值；在自动拟合程序对于个别样品谱不能给出正确结果情况时，仍然可以通过手动拟合来得到一个近似的拟合结果。 结论 优化了EPR谱拟合程序的应用过程。【Abstract】 Objective To optimize the enamel electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrum fitting procedure. Methods RIS-BGS offset was set as a determined parameter in enamel EPR spectrum fitting program, and an optimized value was given for RIS-BGS offset. A manual fitting function was designed that can substite the initutial value into the Gaussian model function directly. Results RIS-BGS offset was set as a determined parameter, the optimized value of which was 0.529. The number of parameters decreased; the manual fitting function maked it easier to select initial values for parameters. When the auto fitting program failed to give a correct result for some EPR spectrum, a fitting result could still be obtained with the manual fitting method. Conclusion The application of the spectrum fitting procedure can be optimized.
We present the binding ability of a new peptide (-CMPQVMPMC-) with dental enamel after being evaluated in the present study. Under a standard procedure, the recovery of M13 filamentous phage was greatly enhanced by displaying the peptide in phage coat protein pⅢ. Then the cyclic peptide was synthesized using a solid method. The effect of the cyclic peptide in vitro biomineralization was tested in a single-diffusion microtiter plate gel system. Absorbance at 405 nm of each sample was recorded for 24 h at every 6 h intervals. The relatively increased values of each sample were expressed as percentages relative to the blank group (100%). The cyclic peptide resulted in a concentration-dependent delayed nucleation. In addition, the overall values of peptide groups at the end of 24 h were lower than those in the control group but much higher than those in the BSA control group.