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find Author "王如文" 26 results
  • Analysis of thymectomy for myasthenia gravis in 236 patients

    Objective To summarize experiences of surgical treatment and long-term results of myasthenia gravis (MG). Methods Two hundred thirty-six patients underwent thymectomy for MG in our department from Jan.1978 to Dec. 2002. The perioperative management, relative factors of postoperative crisis and long-term results were analysed. Results In 236 patients postoperative crisis took place in 44 cases accounted for 18.6%. The occurrence of postoperative crisis was related to preoperative management, modified Osserman clinical classification and combination with thymoma. Three cases died in the postoperative periods. Among them, one died of acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by aspiration and the other died of crisis. The effective rate in 1, 3, 5 years was 84.6%, 91.0% and 89.0% respectively. Conclusions Thymectomy for MG is safe and effective. Delayed extubation could decrease the needs of tracheotomy in patients with high risk factors for postoperative crisis. The partial sternotomy approach is less traumatic but the long-term effects of surgery are identical to those reported by the most authors.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:27 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Surgical Treatment of Thoracic Outlet Tumors Via Posterior Thoracotomy

    Objective To introduce the procedure of thoracic outlet tumors removal through posterior thoracotomy and its efficacy. Methods Ten patients with thoracic outlet tumors underwent surgical treatment via posterior approach from June 2004 to June 2007. Five patients suffered from neurogenic tumors, 4 patients apical lung carcinomas, and 1 patient apicoposterior lung tumor. The skin incision was started superiorly lateral to the transverse process of 6th cervical vertebrae, carried downward a way between the medial border of the scapula and the posterior midline and was extended in a gentle arc below the inferior angle of the scapula to the posterior axillary line. The chest was entered and the tumor is removed through resecting the rib(2nd or 3rd rib) located at the lower edge of the tumor after the scapula had been pushed forward. Results There was no death in this group. Tumors in 9 patients were resected completely. Thoracotomy only was done in another patients as a result of tumor invading neighboring major organs. Shoulder and back pain in 3 of 4 patients was remitted postoperatively. Two patients with “dumbell” neurogenic tumors improved strength of lower limbs. Pain and abdominal wall reflex resumed in one patient and muscle strength of lower limbs increased to 4th grade from 2nd grade in another one. Two patients required thoracentesis because of complicating with pleural effusion. The mean followup period was 18 months (range 336). Seven of 10 patients still lead a normal life. Conclusion Posterior thoracotomy can provide an excellent approach to remove the thoracic outlet tumors safely and completely. 

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:04 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 巨大纵隔肿瘤的外科治疗

    目的回顾性总结28例巨大纵隔肿瘤的诊断要点及外科治疗经验。方法28例巨大纵隔肿瘤患者在全身麻醉双腔气管内插管下行手术治疗,完整切除肿瘤23例,大部分切除5例;同期行肺楔形切除术2例,肺叶切除术1例,部分心包切除术5例,上腔静脉成形术1例。结果无手术死亡患者,术中发生复张性肺水肿2例,失血性休克6例,损伤上腔静脉1例;术后发生心律失常3例,肺部感染4例,经治疗均恢复良好。结论巨大纵隔肿瘤手术治疗效果良好,麻醉时体位及手术切口的选择、术中仔细操作可提高手术的安全性及切除率,预防和治疗术中创面渗血及复张性肺水肿可进一步提高疗效。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Morgagni疝的诊断与治疗

    目的 探讨成人Morgagni疝的临床特点、诊断及治疗方案,提高诊疗水平。 方法 回顾性分析3例成人Morgagni疝的临床资料,1例经上腹旁正中切口联合右胸第5肋间前外侧切口行膈肌修补,1例经左胸第5肋间前外侧切口行膈肌修补,1例经右胸后外侧切口行开胸探查、膈肌修补。 结果 1例术后第3d出现呼吸困难,帮助其咳嗽、排痰后症状缓解,第12d康复出院;2例术后恢复顺利,于第10d康复出院。 结论 64排容积CT及全消化道X线钡餐造影有助于诊断Morgagni疝。手术治疗为最佳治疗方式,可采取经胸或经腹径路,均能取得较好的疗效。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:09 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 颈阔肌皮瓣修复或重建颈部食管缺损术后并发症探讨

    目的 探讨颈阔肌皮瓣重建或修复颈部食管缺损术后常见并发症的预防和治疗。方法 对我科1989年6月至2001年6月采用双侧颈阔肌皮瓣重建颈段食管缺损15例,单侧颈阔肌皮瓣修复颈段食管缺损23例进行回顾性分析。结果 全组无手术死亡,肌皮瓣全部成活,6例发生吻合口瘘,更换敷料后愈合;吻合口狭窄2例,1例经扩张后治愈,另1例经再次手术恢复,所有患者均能正常经口进食。结论 颈阔肌皮瓣重建或修复下咽及颈段食管缺损,具有创伤小、转移就近方便、能一期完成手术、术后并发症少等优点,值得在临床推广应用。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Prevention of Stricture Formation with Esophageal Intraluminal Stenting in Patients with Corrosive Esophageal Burns

    Objective To introduce the technique of esophageal intraluminal stenting and assess its effect on the prevention of development of stenosis in patients with esophageal burns. Methods Thirty-three patients were admitted less than 3 weeks after ingestion of caustic agents. The second-or third-degree injuries were confirmed by esophogoscopy in all cases, but one with esophageal perforation at admission. Esophageal stenting was performed in all patients and these stents were kept in place for 4 to 6 months. Results There was no death in the series. All patients had a normal intake of food after removal of the stents, and stricture was not found on barium swallow test. Follow-up from 1 to 60 months five cases developed esophageal stenosis from 2 to 3 months after extracting the stents. One of them responded to esophageal bougienage, the remaining 4 patients required esophageal reconstruction and took a normal diet postoperatively. The other 28 patients have a normal diet after the stent removal. Conclusion The esophageal intraluminal stenting is able to prevent the formation of stricture in the aftermath of esophageal burns and its effect will be enhanced plus administering isoniazid.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:25 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 食管腐蚀伤的外科治疗

    目的总结食管腐蚀伤的外科治疗经验。方法149例食管腐蚀伤患者,除7例行保守治疗外,其余142例采用外科手术治疗(其中11例在我科行2次手术)。采用改良食管腔内置管28例,于腐蚀伤后6个月行食管重建术96例(结肠代食管71例、胃代食管25例),颈阔肌皮瓣修复颈段食管局限性狭窄或吻合口狭窄17例,其他手术12例。结果7例保守治疗的患者中死亡2例,余5例1度烧伤患者未形成瘢痕狭窄。手术治疗142例中,行结肠代食管术患者死亡5例,发生颈部吻合口瘘14例,颈部吻合口狭窄8例,脓胸1例。改良食管腔内置管28例,23例成功,再狭窄5例经再次手术或食管扩张治愈。存活患者均恢复正常进食。结论改良食管腔内置管可预防食管瘢痕狭窄;食管狭窄位于主动脉弓平面及以上时,旷置瘢痕食管行结肠代食管术,而位于主动脉弓平面以下时,切除瘢痕食管采用胃代食管术重建食管;颈阔肌皮瓣可用于修复颈段食管狭窄或吻合口狭窄。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:26 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 儿童食管腐蚀伤的外科治疗

    目的 探讨儿童食管腐蚀伤后瘢痕狭窄的预防和治疗措施. 方法 1988年5月~2000年5月收治食管腐蚀伤儿童32例,早期采用食管扩张3例,食管腔内置管8例;后期采用结肠代食管14例,胃代食管5例,颈阔肌皮瓣修复2例. 结果 全组手术治愈31例,死亡1例;术后发生并发症9例,其中吻合口瘘6例,吻合口狭窄2例,颈部瘘1例,均治愈.28例随访1~12年,均恢复进普通饮食;3例失访. 结论 早期食管腔内置管对预防食管腐蚀伤后瘢痕狭窄有明显疗效,结肠代食管术是后期食管重建的主要手段,主动脉弓以下瘢痕食管可切除用胃重建,颈阔肌皮瓣修复术是治疗颈部局限性食管狭窄的理想方法.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:31 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 外科手术取食管异物15例

    目的探讨外科手术取食管异物的适应证及手术方法。方法采用外科手术摘除尖锐食管异物15例,其中颈段5例,胸段10例。5例颈段异物均合并脓肿,行脓肿切开引流同时取出异物;4例胸段异物摘除后施行改良食管腔内置管术;余6例取出异物后分层缝合食管切口。结果全组无死亡。4例施行食管腔内置管,术后1~2周中毒症状缓解,3~5周拔管后食管X线钡餐造影检查无穿孔或狭窄。1例切开食管取异物后发生右侧脓胸,术后第8d行脓胸廓清术及改良食管腔内置管,1个月后治愈;其余患者术后7~10d恢复经口进食。结论已穿透食管的金属异物和食管镜摘除易引起穿孔的尖锐异物应采用外科手术治疗,改良食管腔内置管对纵隔感染严重、无法修补的穿孔愈合是有帮助的。

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 胸腺瘤表皮生长因子受体、增殖细胞核抗原、Bcl-2和Bax表达及临床意义

    目的 探讨胸腺瘤表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、Bcl-2和Bax的表达与胸腺瘤临床病理特征的关系及临床意义. 方法 应用免疫组织化学链霉素亲生物蛋白-过氧化酶(S-P)法检测46例胸腺瘤患者EGFR、PCNA、Bcl-2和Bax的表达. 结果 胸腺瘤EGFR阳性表达率为71.7%,PCNA标记指数为4.00%±1.87%,Bcl-2、Bax阳性率分别为41.3%、15.2%.EGFR表达与胸腺瘤Masaoka分期、肿瘤性质有明显关系,EGFR阴性者术后生存率显著高于阳性者(P=0.005).PCNA标记指数和Bcl-2与胸腺瘤肿瘤性质有明显关系,Bcl-2阴性者术后生存率显著高于阳性者(P=0.002).EGFR、PCNA、Bcl-2和Bax表达均与胸腺瘤组织学类型、是否合并重症肌无力无明显关系. 结论 EGFR与胸腺瘤的发生、发展有关,可作为Masaoka分期的补充推测预后.Bcl-2与胸腺癌发生有关,可作为胸腺癌的标记物用于鉴别诊断.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:32 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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