ObjectiveTo understand the current situation of hospital infection management related to the hospital maternity ward, learn the risks of infection, discover problems existing in hospital infection management, and seek appropriate solutions for hospital infection. MethodsBetween January 2011 and December 2012, using uniform questionnaire for prospective survey and field interviews, we investigated the hospital infection situation in medical health care workers, pregnant women, and live newborns. ResultsA total of 2 225 questionnaires were retreated with a retreat rate of 100%. Hospital infection occurred in 23 cases, of which 15 cases were maternal infection (1.35%) and 8 cases were neonate infection (0.72%). Maternal infection was mainly focused on reproductive tract, surgery incision and urinary tract. Neonate infection was mainly focused on lower respiratory tract and skin. The management system of hospital infection in the maternity ward was basically strengthened, but the infection monitoring work was still not timely, and staff training in infection control knowledge was not in place. The overall environment, sterilization, disinfection and isolation should be strengthened, and there were also some other safety hazards. ConclusionThe management of infection in hospital maternity ward is the key to control the infection in maternity ward. The infection management seems perfect, but there are still some hidden dangers. The management system needs to be improved and the management should be implemented strictly according to the system, in order to avoid the occurrence of infection in maternity ward and ensure the safety of patients.
Esophageal carcinoma is a malignant tumor with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, and surgery is the main treatment currently. With the development of patient-centered care, the effect of surgery should not be limited to the improvement of the incidence of postoperative complications, mortality and other indicators. It is also important to provide experience related to disease and surgery from the perspective of patients. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to patient-reported outcomes by scholars. This paper will provide an overview of the international widely used, reliable and effective scales and researches about patient-reported outcomes in esophageal carcinoma.
Objective To know the training status and expectation of village doctors in remote and poor areas of Sichuan province and to provide the preferences for developing a viable and efficient training model. Methods The cluster sampling method, combined with questionnaire surveys and qualitative interviews, was used. A total of 463 village doctors of 302 village clinics in Pengzhou and Baoxing of Sichuan province were interviewed. Results The “three-side” phenomenon including the doctor being old, poor academic background and lack of female doctor in remote and poor areas of Sichuan was serious. In-service village doctors’ knowledge on public health and Chinese medicine increased through training. There were differences between the training village doctors participated and that they had expected. The cost of the training was somewhat high for rural doctors. The training system has not been established yet in remote areas. Conclusions Both quantity and quality should be considered in in-service village doctor training in remote areas of Sichuan Province, which should also consider local conditions and farmers’ needs . The in-service training system should be developed as soon as possible. It is suggested that the treatment of village doctors should be improved. Cultivating more young village doctors should be based on the stability of the medical team.
ObjectiveTo systematically investigate the current status of reporting health economics evidence in clinical practice guidelines and expert consensuses published in China from 2021 to 2023, providing references for the formulation and revision of guidelines and consensuses in our country. MethodsComputer searches were conducted in the CNKI, CBM, WanFang Data, China Academic Journals Full-text Database, PubMed, and Web of Science to collect clinical practice guidelines and expert consensuses published in China from 2021 to 2023. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted information on the inclusion of economic evidence in guidelines and consensuses, and then used quantitative analysis methods for description. ResultsA total of 4 236 relevant articles were included, of which 1 066 (25.17%) reported health economics evidence; 120 (11.26%) reported health economics evidence in the formation of recommendation opinions; 109 (10.23%) reported health economics evidence in the grading of evidence quality; 832 (78.05%) reported health economics evidence in the interpretation and explanation of recommendation opinions. ConclusionThe reporting rate of health economics evidence in clinical practice guidelines and expert consensuses published in China is not high. The reporting rate of health economics evidence in consensuses is lower than that in guidelines. It is recommended that during the formulation process of guidelines and consensuses, the application of health economics evidence should be further strengthened in aspects such as the formation of recommendation opinions, the grading of evidence quality, and the interpretation and explanation of recommendation opinions, in order to improve the scientific, rigorous, and applicability of clinical practice guidelines and expert consensuses, and to play the role of guidelines and consensuses in optimizing the allocation of health resources, improving clinical diagnosis and treatment effects, and enhancing the quality of medical care.
ObjectiveTo understand the development of clinical nutrition departments in western China, analyze the main problems and factors restricting its development, and provide a basis for promoting the construction and development of clinical nutrition departments in western China and formulating clinical nutrition management standards.MethodsQuestionnaires were used to investigate the development of clinical nutrition services in some hospitals in 11 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions in western China (except Tibet) in March 2019. ResultsA total of 230 hospitals participated in the survey. Most clinical nutrition departments set up outpatient clinics (76.1%), with an average annual number of outpatients of 884; most of them carried out nutrition inspection visit/follow-up work (86.5%), and the average number of inspection visit/follow-ups was 3 876. Most hospitals had incomplete hardware and software facilities in the clinical nutrition departments. The charging items for diagnosis and treatment were complicated, and the charging standards were uneven. There were still 47.0% of the clinical nutrition departments of hospitals that did not offer diagnosis and treatment charging items. The surveyed hospitals believed that the talent team was the number one factor restricting the development of the clinical nutrition department, and regular skills training was the number one project that urgently needed the help of the Clinical Nutrition Discipline Alliance of West China Hospital of Sichuan University.ConclusionIn the future, the western region should increase the investment in hardware and software facilities, strive for policy support for maintaining department operations and formulate unified standards to regulate the development of disciplines.
目的:了解参与“5?12”四川大地震救援医护人员的应急减灾与备灾现状,为促进备灾教育和备灾行为提供参考依据。方法： 用自行设计的调查表,对参加四川大地震医疗救援的223名医护人员及其所在医疗机构的应急减灾与备灾情况等进行调查。结果: 本调查中的全体医护人员所在医疗机构地震发生时均采取了积极的应急减灾处理,成功地履行了医护人员救死扶伤的神圣使命。经历大地震后,95.1%～83.9%医护人员所在医疗机构对急救减灾对策、物资应急供应装备与后勤保障方面的备灾措施进行了加强与完善,但信息畅通的保障与备灾行动的落实方面尚存在不足;85.7%～64.6%医护人员所在医疗机构建立或完善了相关备灾规章制度与指南。结论： 经历“5?12”大地震后,医疗机构在应急救治能力的储备、救援人员的反应力与意识、信息畅通、物资供应保障等方面具有了一定的备灾基础,同时也提示了对于促进备灾教育和备灾行动的落实以及进一步完善相关制度/手册的必要性和迫切性。