Objective To investigate the status quo of knowledge and attitude towards pain among medical staff in West China Hospital of Sichuan University. Methods The medical staff in Emergency Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University were investigated by the Chinese version of Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain (2008) questionnaire, the contents of which related to pain assessment, pain related knowledge, analgesic related knowledge, and comprehensive application, etc. And the questionnaire scores were compared among medical workers with different background. Results A total of 156 questionnaires were sent out and 130 valid ones were taken back, with an effective recovery rate of 83.3%. There was no statistically significant difference in questionnaire scores among the medical workers with different education background or different professional titles (P>0.05). The questionnaire scores were significantly different among nurses with different seniority (F=3.785, P=0.035), and the mean score of the nurses with more than 10 years of seniority was the highest (22.78±7.11). The questionnaire scores were significantly different among nurses working in different areas (F=3.043, P=0.033), and the mean score of the nurses working in rescue room was the highest (24.53±7.84).The erroneous items were concentrated on item 5, 17, 19. In the answers to the open questions, 97.7% (127/130) thought that the existing pain knowledge could not satisfy the needs of clinical work; 100.0% (130/130) believed that it was necessary to study pain related knowledge; 80.0% (104/130) acquired pain related knowledge from clinical experience, 40.0% (52/130) from books, 15.4% (20/130) from the network; 90% ( 117/130) commonly used numeric rating scale to evaluate the patients’ pain degree, 20.0% (26/130) evaluated the patients’ pain degree through facial expressions. Conclusions The overall level of pain management knowledge and attitude in medical staff in Emergency Department is low. The continuing education on pain knowledge should be strengthened, the attitude towards pain treatment and the importance of pain management should be paid more attention, and the standardized training and supervision should be enhanced.
Methods To explore the level of delirium knowledge of geriatric nurses in Sichuan province and analyze the factors, so as to provide the basis for systematic and targeted knowledge training on delirium and clinical management. Methods Using the self-designed “the Questionnaire of Elderly Delirium Knowledge”, geriatric nurses from 22 hospitals in Sichuan province were investigated through a convenient sampling method from September 2018 to February 2019. Results A total of 475 geriatric nurses were investigated. The average delirium knowledge score of the 475 geriatric nurses was 69.51±12.42. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the main factors affecting the score of delirium-related knowledge were the education of nurses (P=0.037), technical title (P<0.001), years of working in the geriatric department (P=0.001), and the level of working hospital (P=0.001). Conclusions The level of delirium knowledge of geriatric nurses is low and can not meet the needs of clinical work. Nursing managers should carry out delirium knowledge training according to the different characteristics of nurses.
目的 探讨健康教育对提高高血压病患者健康知识及建立健康生活方式的影响。 方法 2011年8月－12月对社区中100例高血压病患者进行系统的健康教育，观察其健康知识和生活方式的改变情况。 结果 健康教育前后其健康知识得分由（10.48 ± 0.82）分提高到（17.10 ± 1.21）分，亚类健康责任、饮食和运动得分也明显提高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；健康生活方式得分由教育前的（18.65 ± 1.38）分提高到教育后的（25.91 ± 2.25）分，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。 结论 在社区对高血压病患者开展长期、系统的健康教育能有效提高他们的健康知识，促进其建立健康的生活方式。
Since its discovery in early 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread rapidly around the world and is now a global challenge. As early respiratory rehabilitation can improve the patient’s respiratory function and quality of life, it deserves proper attention. Aimed to provide reference for the clinical rehabilitation, this paper summarizes the rehabilitation goals, rehabilitation treatments, nutrition therapy and psychotherapy for different types of COVID-19, on the basis of brief describing the etiological, pathological mechanism, clinical features and medical treatment.
【摘要】 目的 通过关键词共现分析和作者共现分析的方式，研究国内外循证心血管领域的研究热点、学科分支和发展趋势。 方法 通过检索中国生物医学数据库和Medline数据库，分别收集相关研究文献，并提取关键词词频、作者发文数和核心研究单位，对核心关键词和核心发文作者建立共现矩阵，使用Ucinet绘制可视化网络图。 结果 成功得到核心关键词和核心作者可视化网络。中文可视化网络包括循证医学、治疗和护理3个方面，英文可视化网络包括evidence-based medicine、therapy和treatment outcome 3个方面。而在作者合作可视化网络中，国内作者合作关系较为松散，合作团体较小，国外作者合作关系较为紧密，合作团体较大。国内核心研究机构分布于循证研究重点高校，国外则以发达国家为主。 结论 国内循证心血管研究领域总体发展趋势较好，但较国外相比仍存在一些不足，需要进一步加强重点研究，调整研究规划。【Abstract】 Objective To research on the hot issues, branch system and development trend of evidence-based cardiovascular medicine in and out of china by using co-word analysis of keywords and authors. Methods By Searching the CBM database in Chinese and Medline database in English, we collected the related articles and picked out the frequency of keywords, authors and core administrations, and built the matrix of keywords and authors. Finally we completed the visualized network by Ucinet. Results We successfully obtained the visualization of this subject. Chinese network contained three parts: evidence-based medicine, therapy and nursing, while English network also contained three parts: evidence-based medicine, therapy and treatment outcome. In the authors′ visualized network, Chinese authors had less cooperation and looser relationship compared with their counterparts overseas. The core administrations in china located in outstanding universities, and developed countries had the dominated roles in the world. Conclusions The development trend of evidence-based cardiovascular medicine in china is good, but still has some limitations compared with overseas studies. More emphasis should be put on strengthening core-area researching and research plan adjustment.
目的 了解社区人群对脑卒中危险因素及症状的知晓现状。 方法 随机抽样调查1 208名居民及112名医务人员的人口学特征、对危险因素及预警信号的知晓现状及其影响因素、信息来源及需求情况。 结果 90.1%、100.0%的居民及医务人员可辨识高血压是卒中的危险因素，而社区居民及医务人员对年龄、糖尿病、吸烟等危险因素的认识比例分别为65.0% 和85.0%，且对危险因素的控制策略缺乏了解。87.4%、100.0%社区居民及医务人员将一侧肢体的活动障碍作为卒中的第一大预警信号，其次为头晕、步态不稳、头痛、言语困难、视物模糊。卒中知识得分的单因素及多因素分析示：大学文化、已婚且在职的居民及高学历的医务人员对卒中信息的了解程度高。卒中信息的获取途径依次为电视、社区医生/讲堂、报纸、杂志、网络。 结论 西部城市社区人群卒中知识知晓率低，开展针对低学历医务者的卒中培训及低学历、独居及退休人员的居民讲堂是改善现状的必要途径。同时也为政府建立有效的院前早期识别及快速转诊技术提供了依据。Objective To assess the baseline knowledge of risk factors and warning signs of cerebral apoplexy in communities. Methods A total of 1 208 inhabitants and 112 medical personnel were selected by systematic sampling. The questionnaire included social-demographic data, knowledge of cerebral apoplexy risk and warning signs and influencing factors, the sources and requirement of information about cerebral apoplexy. Results Hypertension was a risk factor in 90.1% of residents and 100.0% of medical personnel. Age, diabetes and smoking were identified as the risk factor in 65.0% of medical personnel and 85.0% of residents. Medical therapy of risk factors was insufficient. The most common warning signs of cerebral apoplexy was hemiplegia, the following were vertigo, ataxia, headache, aphasia and double vision. Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that residents who had higher educational background, spousal, workers and community worker with higher educational background had higher knowledge scores of cerebral apoplexy. The main sources of information about cerebral apoplexy were television, doctors, newspaper, magazine and network. Conclusions At present, the urban community residents in west China are lacking in knowledge about cerebral apoplexy. Going forward, targeted educational residents and medical workers should be directed at those who was highly educated, living alone, and retired. It is also provide a theoretical basis for establishing a prehospital identification and transfer treatment system based on community in developing countries.
Testing Treatments is a book to help the public understand how to validate the efficacy of testing treatments and the possible bias and error in clinical trial, as well as to call for help to promote good study thus to improve the quality of health care. No matter for the first or the second edition, this book is very popular around the world, and its second edition has been translated into more than ten languages. To help the readers understand the content of the book, we established a website (www.testingtreatments.org) and other sibling sites in different languages. The website not only provided the full-texts to download, but also collected various popular science resources (videos, audios and cartoons) to help the readers assimilate more knowledge. The editors of all the different language websites have established an TTi Editorial Alliance to share experience and provide each other with mutual support, thus to promote health professionals, patients and public around the world to use reliable research to inform their health decisions.
External fixation devices are essential tools in the field of foot and ankle reconstruction. Mastering the fundamental knowledge and skills of external fixation is crucial for the effective application of this technique. Currently, domestically produced external fixation systems for the foot and ankle can meet the needs of treating various foot and ankle traumas, deformities, and functional reconstruction. Through this special issue on “External fixation and foot and ankle reconstruction”, we provide a detailed introduction to the essential knowledge and skills that physicians must acquire to proficiently manage external fixation and foot and ankle reconstruction.
ObjectiveTo investigate the community residents' awareness of knowledge on cardiovascular disease prevention and control and their access methods to relevant information. MethodsBetween June and August, 2013, the residents aged above 45 who came to community health center for diagnosis or treatment were investigated by questionnaires including the acknowledge of prevention for cardiovascular diseases and the access methods to relevant information. ResultsA total of 1 000 residents were involved in this study, including 394 (39.40%) males and 606 (60.60%) females aged from 45 to 98 with an average of 68.3±10.4. The highest rate of awareness of cardiovascular prevention knowledge was regular physical exercise (89.20%), followed by low salt diet (67.20%) and fried food (6.30%). The highest rate of access to the information was information provided verbally by doctors or nurses (77.50%), followed by television and radio (56.00%). ConclusionCommunity center should strengthen the health education of cardiovascular disease prevention and control. Health education should be practiced in an easy way for the residents.
ObjectiveTo investigate the construction strategy of a knowledge base for health technology assessment (HTA) indicators based on a multi-granularity knowledge representation model, in order to meet the users' diverse demands for HTA knowledge services. MethodsFirstly, we constructed a multi-granularity HTA indicator knowledge representation model based on systematically analyzing the content and structure of the HTA indicator system in literature. Secondly, we extracted multi-granularity HTA indicator knowledge from literature and conduct subject indexing in a human-computer collaborative way. Finally, based on the HTA knowledge service requirements, a prototype of the HTA indicator knowledge base-HTA Indicators was designed and developed. ResultsA multi-granularity HTA indicator knowledge representation model was constructed, covering 5 core knowledge units (indicator systems, indicator items, formulas, measurement variables, and subjects), 20 types of attributes, and 12 types of relationships. This model represented the intrinsic characteristics and connections between multi-granularity indicator knowledge units. Knowledge extraction and subject indexing of multi-grain HTA indicators were conducted based on 227 HTA indicator documents, forming instance data. Finally, a prototype of the HTA indicator knowledge base, named HTA Indicators, was developed. HTA Indicators provides services such as multi-granularity HTA indicator knowledge retrieval, navigation, and linking. ConclusionThe construction strategy of the HTA indicator knowledge base based on the multi-granularity knowledge representation model is feasible. The indicator knowledge base can achieve multi-dimensional semantic organization of indicator knowledge, provide multi-level and multi-dimensional indicator knowledge retrieval and discovery services, and meet the users' demand for precise HTA knowledge. In the future, we will explore the use of cutting-edge technologies such as large language models to achieve the automated construction of large-scale HTA knowledge, thereby enhancing the efficiency and intelligence level of knowledge base construction.