Objective To systematically review the differences of selenium levels in environment between endemic and normal regions and in patients with Kaschin-Beck disease and health people. Methods Such databases as PubMed, The Cochrane Library (Issue 8, 2013), EMbase, ISI Web of Knowledge, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched to August 16th, 2013 for all observational studies about the differences of selenium levels in environment (including soil, water, and cereal) between endemic and normal regions, and in patients with Kaschin-Beck disease and health people (including blood, urine, and hair) were included. Meta-analysisi was performed using RevMan 5.2 software. Results Forty-six controlled studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, selenium levels in water (SMD= –0.99, 95%CI –1.31 to –0.66), soil (SMD= –1.20, 95%CI –1.92 to –0.49), cereal (SMD= –1.94, 95%CI –2.63 to –1.26) and corn (SMD= –1.66, 95%CI –2.33 to –0.98) in endemic region were lower than those in normal region. The selenium in blood (SMD= –1.03, 95%CI –1.54 to –0.53), blood serum (SMD= –0.66, 95%CI –1.01 to –0.31), red blood cell (SMD= –2.75, 95%CI –4.13 to –1.37), urine (SMD= –0.99, 95%CI –1.43 to –0.55) and hair (SMD= –1.67, 95%CI –2.14 to –1.20) of Kaschin-Beck disease patients were lower than those in healthy people. The results of subgroup analysis also showed that significant differences were found between patients and healthy people in endemic region. The selenium in blood (SMD= –6.12, 95%CI –8.58 to –3.66), blood serum (SMD= –1.02, 95%CI –1.34 to –0.69), red blood cell (SMD= –3.37, 95%CI –5.38 to –1.35), urine (SMD= –1.94, 95%CI –2.54 to –1.34), and hair (SMD –3.49, 95%CI –5.32 to –1.66) of healthy people in endemic region were lower than those in normal region. After removing the specific studies on every pooling outcome with high risk of heterogeneity, the results of sensitivity analysis showed that the results were of robustness and the impact due to heterogenicity was fairly low. Conclusion Selenium levels in external environment in endemic region are significantly lower than those in normal region, and patients’ selenium levels in the body are also significantly lower than the healthy in endemic region. The selenium levels of the healthy in endemic region are also significantly lower than those of the healthy in normal region. Current evidence indicated that lack of selenium in external environment might be related to Kaschin-Beck disease.
Objective To elucidate the etiology of DNA impairment of type Ⅱ alveolar epithelial cells(AT-II) of the rats fed with low selenium and high cadmium fodder，and the effect of Vitamin C.Methods With single cell gel electrophoresis technique，we observed the joint action of selenium，cadmium and vitamin C on DNA damage in AT-II cells of the eight groups of rats fed separately with：normal （2 groups），high Cd，high Cd+high VC，low Se+high Cd，low Se+high Cd+high VC，high Se+high Cd and high Se+high Cd+high VC fodder for 14 weeks.Results Compared with the control，there was no DNA changes have been observed in the high Se+high Cd+high VC group.However，in the high Se+high Cd group and high Cd+high VC group，DNA damage of AT-II cells can be detected clearly；in the low Se+high Cd+high VC group and high Cd group，the degree of the DNA damage is more serious than the above two groups；in the low Se+high Cd group，the extent of the DNA damage was the most serious on all of the groups be studied.Conclusion It is suggested that Se deficiency and simultaneously Cd overabundance may damaged DNA of AT-II cells of the rats significantly，however，Vitamin C may protect AT-II against the injury effectively.
Objective To observe the protective effects of Na2SeO3 on the damage of retinal neuron induced by microwave. Methods Cultured fluids of retinal neuron were divided into 4 groups,including 1 group of control, according to the concentration of Na2SeO3 in cultured fluid and then exposed to 30 mW/cm2 microwave for 1 hour.The targets of lipid peroxidation and the concentration of selenium in cells were measured.Apoptosis detection was taken by TUNEL detection kit. Results The activity of SOD and GSH-Px rised,meanwhile the content of MDA and the amount of apoptosis cells decreased in 1times;107 mol/L group compared with the group without Na2SeO3.The other groups was superior in antioxdant capacity to 1times;107 mol/L group. Conclusion Na2SeO3 might be possessed of the effect of protecting the damage of retinal neuron induced by microwave. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2000,16:97-99)
目的 了解成人大骨节病（KBD）患者血清中硒和氟的含量及其与大骨节病分度的相关性。 方法 2008年8月－2009年10月，采集四川阿坝壤塘县大骨节病区成人KBD患者血清标本37例，四川非大骨节病区健康成人血清39例作为对照组。血清硒的含量采用石墨炉原子吸收分光光度法进行检测，氟采用氟离子选择电极法进行检测。统计学分析组间差异有无统计学意义，同时分析硒和氟的表达水平与大骨节病分度的相关性。 结果 大骨节病组患者血清硒的表达水平明显低于健康对照组（P＜0.05）；血清氟的表达水平虽略低于健康对照组，但无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。大骨节病组患者Ⅰ度和Ⅱ、Ⅲ度间硒和氟的表达水平无统计学差异（P＞0.05）。 结论 成人大骨节病患者血清中硒水平偏低，血清氟水平与健康人无统计学差异；血清硒和氟含量与大骨节病的分度并无明显相关性。
ObjectiveTo assess the comparative efficacy of all kinds of selenium supplementation in the treatment of patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) by network meta-analysis. MethodsWe searched seven electronic databases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 7, 2016), CBM, VIP, WanFang Data and CNKI databases up to July 2016. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effect of selenium supplementation on KBD were included. Two reviewers independently screened literatures, extracted data and assessed the risk bias of included studies, and then meta-analysis was performed by using Stata13.1 software. ResultsA total of 16 RCTs involving 2 883 participants were included. Direct meta-analysis comparison showed that:Compared with placebo or blank group, sodium selenite (OR=5.00, 95%CI 3.21 to 7.78), selenium supplement salt (OR=7.60, 95%CI 2.34 to 24.67), and combination of sodium selenite and vitamin E (OR=11.05, 95%CI 2.61 to 46.80) had higher metaphysis X-ray improvement (P < 0.05). Ranking on efficacy indicated that combination of sodium selenite and vitamin E were highest, followed by selenium supplement salt, sodium selenite, sodium selenite plus vitamin C, vitamin C, and placebo/blank. ConclusionBased on the results of network meta-analysis, selenium supplement (sodium selenite, combination of sodium selenite and vitamin C, combination of sodium selenite and vitamin E, as well as selenium salt) is more effective than placebo or no treatment in promoting the repairement of metaphysis impairment. The effect of combination of sodium selenite and vitamin E are highest.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the correlation between maternal serum selenium levels during pregnancy and premature birth.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Web of Science, CNKI and CBM were searched to collect studies on correlation between maternal serum selenium levels during pregnancy with preterm birth in the offspring from inception to January, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated risk of bias of the included literature. Then, meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 12 studies involving 2 484 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with control group, the preterm group had lower serum selenium levels in pregnant females (SMD=−0.89, 95%CI −1.56 to −0.22, P=0.01). The results of the subgroup analysis showed that heterogeneity among subjects was still large when grouped accorcding to the continent to which a country belongs, the time of blood sample collection and test method in pregnant females.ConclusionsLow maternal serum selenium levels during pregnancy may increase the risk of preterm birth. Due to the limitation of the quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusions are required to be verified by more high quality studies.
Objective To investigate the feasibility of selenium-methylselenocysteine (SMC) to promote peripheral nerve regeneration and its mechanism of action. Methods Rat Schwann cells RSC96 cells were randomly divided into 5 groups, which were group A (without any treatment, control group), group B (adding 100 μmol/L H2O2), group C (adding 100 μmol/L H2O2+100 μmol/L SMC), group D (adding 100 μmol/L H2O2+200 μmol/L SMC), group E (adding 100 μmol/L H2O2+400 μmol/L SMC); the effect of SMC on cell proliferation was detected by MTT method, and the level of oxidative stress was detected by immunofluorescence for free radicals [reactive oxygen species (ROS)] after determining the appropriate dose group. Thirty-six 4-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, namely, the sham operation group (Sham group), the sciatic nerve injury group (PNI group), and the SMC treatment group (SMC group), with 12 rats in each group; the rats in the PNI group were fed with food and water normally after modelling operation, and the rats in the SMC group were added 0.75 mg/kg SMC to the drinking water every day. At 4 weeks after operation, the sciatic nerves of rats in each group were sampled for neuroelectrophysiological detection of highest potential of compound muscle action potential (CMAP). The levels of inflammatory factors [interleukin 17 (IL-17), IL-6, IL-10 and oxidative stress factors catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA)] were detected by ELISA assay. The luxol fast blue (LFB) staining was used to observe the myelin density, fluorescence intensity of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and myelin basic protein (MBP) was observed by immunofluorescence staining, and myelin morphology was observed by transmission electron microscopy with measurement of axon diameter. Western blot was used to detect the protein expressions of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38MAPK), phosphorylated p38MAPK (p-p38MAPK), heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). ResultsMTT assay showed that the addition of SMC significantly promoted the proliferation of RSC96 cells, and the low concentration could achieve an effective effect, so the treatment method of group C was selected for the subsequent experiments; ROS immunofluorescence test showed that group B showed a significant increase in the intensity of ROS fluorescence compared with that of group A, and group C showed a significant decrease in the intensity of ROS fluorescence compared with that of group B (P<0.05). Neuroelectrophysiological tests showed that the highest potential of CMAP in SMC group was significantly higher than that in PNI and Sham groups (P<0.05). ELISA assay showed that the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and MDA in PNI group were significantly higher than those in Sham group, and the levels of IL-10, SOD, and CAT were significantly lower; the levels of IL-6, IL-17, and MDA in SMC group were significantly lower than those in PNI group, and the levels of IL-10, SOD, and CAT were significantly higher (P<0.05). LFB staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that the myelin density and the diameter of axons in the SMC group were significantly higher than those of the PNI group and the Sham group (P<0.05). Immunofluorescence staining showed that the fluorescence intensity of GFAP and MBP in the SMC group were significantly stronger than those in the PNI group and Sham group (P<0.05). Western blot showed that the relative expressions of Nrf2 and HO-1 proteins in the SMC group were significantly higher than those in the PNI group and Sham group, and the ratio of p-p38MAPK/p38MAPK proteins was significantly higher in the PNI group than that in the SMC group and Sham group (P<0.05). Conclusion SMC may inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation after nerve injury by up-regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway, and then inhibit the phosphorylation of p38MAPK pathway to promote the proliferation of Schwann cells, which ultimately promotes the formation of myelin sheaths and accelerates the regeneration of peripheral nerves.
Objective To investigate the early warning value of urinary selenium binding protein 1 (SBP1) in acute kidney injury (AKI) and its risk factor exposure, and compare it with urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Methods Adult AKI inpatients and medical workers from the Department of Nephrology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University between April 2023 and April 2024 were selected. Patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were selected in June 2023. Patients who received cisplatin treatment in the Respiratory Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University were selected in June 2023. Urinary SBP1 and NGAL levels of patients and medical workers were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results A total of 14 medical workers and 36 AKI patients were included. Except for gender, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total cholesterol (P>0.05), there were statistically significant differences in other indicators between the medical workers and the AKI patients (P<0.05). The urine SBP1 [100.30 (71.50, 138.75) vs.75.60 (65.90, 80.08) pg/mL; U=2.918, P=0.004] and NGAL [423.70 (73.93, 839.80) vs. 14.80 (5.83, 29.98) ng/mL; U=4.668, P<0.001] levels in the AKI group were higher than those in the control group. But the area under the curve of receiver operative characteristic curve of urine SBP1 was smaller than that of urine NGAL (0.768 vs. 0.929). The urine SBP1 level in AKI patients was positively correlated with alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, serum creatinine, and serum glucose (P＜0.05), but negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate and total cholesterol (P＜0.05). A total of 14 patients who underwent PCI were included. The urinary SBP1/creatinine levels of PCI patients increased 6 hours after surgery compared to preoperative levels [(39.54 ± 8.00) vs. (19.34±2.90) pg/μmol; F=8.862, P=0.011]. The urea nitrogen level decreased 72 hours after surgery compared to preoperative levels (P=0.036), while there were no statistically significant differences in other indicators at other time points (P>0.05). There was no significant change in urinary NGAL levels before and after PCI treatment in patients. A total of 19 patients received cisplatin treatment were included. After cisplatin treatment, the level of urinary SBP1 increased compared to before treatment (P=0.024), while there was no significant change in the level of urinary NGAL after treatment compared to before treatment (P=0.350). After treatment, the levels of urea nitrogen (P=0.041) and cystatin C (P=0.002) increased compared to before surgery, while there was no statistically significant difference in blood creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate compared to before treatment (P>0.05). Conclusions Urinary SBP1 levels have certain diagnostic value for AKI, but the diagnostic efficacy is not as good as urinary NGAL. Urinary SBP1 is more sensitive to renal tubular injury caused by nephrotoxic drugs than urinary NGAL.