Objective To observe the expression of related proteins of retina after subretinal implantation with inactive chips.Methods A total of 27 healthy adult New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: operation group (12 rabbits) in which the rabbits were implanted with inactive chips into the interspace beneath retina;shamoperation group (12 rabbits) in which the rabbits were implanted with inactive chips into the interspace beneath retina which was taken out immediately;the control group (3 rabbits). Animals were sacrified for immunohistological study 7,15,30 and 60 days after surgery.The rabbits in control group group were sacrified for immunohistological study after bred for 30 days.The expressions of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and brain derived neurotrophic facor (BDNF) were observed.Results In operation group, the outer nulear layer of retina thinned, and the cells in the inner nulear layer was disorganized 7,15,and 30 days after the surgery;glial cells proliferated 60 days after surgery; the positive expression of BDNF and GFAP was more than that in the shamoperation and control group.In shamoperation group, the positive expression of BDNF and GFAP was more than that in the control group.No obvious difference of expression of BDNF and GFAP between each time point groups was found.Conclusions The expression of neroprotective related proteins increased after subretinal implantation with inactive chips suggests that limited neuroprotective effects might be led by the implantation.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of FTY720 on retinal photoreceptor cells and microglial following light-induced degeneration in rat retina. Methods120 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups including FTY720 group, solvent control group, model group and normal group. The rats of normal group were not intervened. The FTY720 group, solvent control group and model group establish retinal light injury mode. FTY720 was injected into abdominal cavity of the rats in FTY720 group 0.5 hours before light exposure. 50% dimethylsulfoxide was injected into abdominal cavity of the rats in solvent control group. The expressions of microglial cells in rat retinal were quantified using flow cytometry, the expressions of interleukin (IL)-1βwere examined by enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay at 6 hours, 1 day, 3 days, 7 days after light exposure. The apoptosis of retinal photoreceptor cells were measured by terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling at 1 day after light exposure. The morphological change of retinal were viewed by haematoxylin and eosin staining at 7 days after light exposure. ResultsThe expressions of microgilal and IL-1βbegan to rise at 1 day after light exposure, reached at peak at 3 days and decreased at 7 days. The expressions of IL-1βand microglial in FTY720 group were significantly lower than solvent control group and model group, but higher than normal group (P < 0.05).One day after exposure to light, the apoptosis cell ratio in normal group, model group, solvent control group and FTY720 group were 0, (87.66±2.50)%, (86.00±2.44)%, (49.66±2.80)%. The apoptosis cell in FTY720 group were higher than normal group, lower than solvent control group and model group (P < 0.05). Seven days after exposure to light, the retinal in normal group was structured and the cell was arranged well, the cell in solvent control group and model group was irregular arrangement and the outer nuclear layer (ONL) was thin after light exposure. The thickness of the ONL in FTY720 group was significantly higher than solvent control group and model group, below normal group. ConclusionFTY720 can prevents retinal photoreceptor cells from apoptosis and inhibits activation of microglial.
Retinal macrophages and (or) microglial cells play important roles in regulating inflammation, angiogenesis and tissue repairing, thus affect the development and prognosis of ischemic retinal disease, ocular immune diseases and ocular tumors. Reversing the polarization imbalance of these cells may provide new therapeutic strategies for ischemic retinal disease and ocular immune diseases. The duality of the polarization direction of these cells is still controversial in the inflammatory reaction and pathological angiogenesis of ischemic retinal disease. Meanwhile, the plasticity and diversity of the function need to be further studied and discussed.
Objective To observe the permeability and stability of the transfection of antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) hybridized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to retinal glial cells (RG).Methods Phosphorothioate and unmodified EGFR ASODN conjugated with 5′-isothioc yanate (5′-FITC) were encapsulated with or without lipofectin, and then added into human retinal glial cells culture media. The cellular permeability and stability of the transfection were observed by fluorescence microscopy in fixed cells.Results In the absence of lipofectin, phosphorothioate and unmodified EGFR ASODN were found in a few RG cells at 30 minutes, and in about 50% RG cells at 4 hours. Phosphorothioate EGFR ASODN were kept in RG cells for 3-4 hours and disappeared at about 8 hours. In the presence of lipofectin, phosphoro thioate and unmodified EGFR ASODN were found in a few RG cells at 15 minutes and about 70%-80% RG cells at 4 hours. Phosphorothioate EGFR ASODN were kept in cells for 10-12 hours, and phosphorothioate and unmodified EGFR ASODN were disapp eared at about 14 hours and 4 hours respectively.Conclusion 5′-FITC EGFR ASODN encapsulated with lipofectin could enter RG cells and express stably in RG cells. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：52-54)
Objective To investigate the effect of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC) on the expression of growth associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and gl ial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods A total of 150 adult female SD rats, weighing 250-300 g, were randomly divided into ChABC treatment group (group A), sal ine treatment group (group B), and sham operation group (group C) with 50 rats in each group. In groups A and B, the rats were made the SCI models and were treated by subarachnoid injection of ChABC and sal ine; in group C, the rats were not treated as a control. At 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after operation, the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan (BBB) score system was used toevaluate the motion function, and immunofluorescent histochemical staining was used to observe the expressions of GAP-43 and GFAP. Results At different time points, the BBB scores of groups A and B were significantly lower than those of group C (P lt; 0.05); there was no significant difference in BBB score between groups A and B after 1, 3, and 7 days of operation (P gt; 0.05), but the BBB score of group A was significantly higher than that of group B after 14 and 21 days of operation (P lt; 0.01). At different time points, the GAP-43 and GFAP positive neurons of groups A and B were significantly higher than those of group C (P lt; 0.05). After 14 and 21 days of operation, the GAP-43 positive neurons of group A were more than those of group B (P lt; 0.01). After 7, 14, and 21 days of operation, the GFAP positive neurons of group A were significantly less than those of group B (P lt; 0.01). Conclusion ChABC can degrade gl ial scar, improve the microenvironment of the injured region and enhance the expression of GAP-43, which promotes axonal growth and extension.
Optic nerve glioma (ONG) is a rare central nervous system tumor that occurs in children and adolescents. It’s main pathological type is low-grade pilocytic astrocytoma. It is divided into sporadic ONG and neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) related ONG. Due to the close relationship between ONG and the optic nerve, there is its particularity in diagnosis and treatment. The diagnosis of ONG mainly relies on medical history, symptoms and signs, as well as imaging examinations such as MRI and CT. ONG should be differentiated from optic nerve sheath meningioma, optic neuritis, optic nerve metastasis and other diseases. In recent years, newly discovered molecular targeted therapy and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs are a powerful supplement to ONG. When chemotherapy is not sensitive or resistant, radiotherapy can be considered, but it is only recommended for patients over 7 years of age. Surgery can be considered when the patient’s visual impairment is severe and the appearance of the eye is significantly affected. In addition, due to the susceptibility of NF-1 patients to tumors, the chemotherapy regimen should take into account the risk of secondary leukemia caused by the drug, and the timing of radiotherapy should be after the age of 10. We look forward to further ONG clinical research, which will bring more references for future clinical work.