Objective To analyze the risk factors and clinical characteristics of patients in Uyghur and Han nationalities with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), who were hospitalized in past 7 years in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, so as to investigate differences of risk factors between two nationalities. Methods Through retrospective study, clinical characteristics of PTE patients hospitalized from 2004 to 2010 were analyzed. T-test and chi-square test were used to conduct statistic analysis. Results a) A total of 516 patients (mean age 58.7±14.8 years old) with complete clinical materials were included, of whom 360 were Han nationality (69.8%, mean age 63.5±15.5 years old) and 156 were Uyghur nationality (30.2%, mean age 52.8±14.3 years old). In Han nationality, the peak age of PTE onset was above 70 years of age, while in Uyghur nationality it was 60 to 69 years of age; b) No significant difference was found in the clinical characteristics between the two nationalities; and c) The commonly acquired risk factors for PET patients in both nationalities possibly were age at or over 40 years old, obesity, embolism history and hyperlipidemia. The main risk factor of PTE was obesity in Uyghur nationality, while that was smoking in Han nationality. Conclusion The most common acquired risk factors and basic diseases of PTE patients are probably the age at or over 40 years old, obesity, embolism history and hyperlipidemia, and obesity is commonly seen in Uyghur nationality. A large number of further case-control studies are needed to further confirm this conclusion.
目的 探讨ATP结合盒转运子A1（ABCA1）基因R219K多态性与新疆维吾尔族和汉族冠心病及血脂的相关性。 方法 收集2006年12月－2008年5月住院及门诊患者中无血缘关系的维吾尔族、汉族为研究对象。冠心病组377例，其中维吾尔族199例，汉族178例；对照组178例，其中维吾尔族83例，汉族95例。用聚合酶链式反应限制性片段长度多态性方法，检测维吾尔族和汉族冠心病组及对照组ABCA1基因R219K多态性，并比较不同基因型间血脂水平。 结果 ABCA1基因R219K多态性K等位基因频率在维吾尔族冠心病组和对照组间分布差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。维吾尔族对照组中载脂蛋白A水平在KR型高于KK型，汉族冠心病组中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平在KR型高于KK型，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），但不具有临床意义。不同基因型间的其余血脂水平差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。 结论 ABCA1基因R219K多态性K等位基因频率与维吾尔族冠心病相关，K等位基因可能降低其发病风险；ABCA1 R219K多态性等位基因频率在维吾尔族和汉族间无差异，且对维吾尔族、汉族血脂水平无明显影响。
The present study was aimed to explore the relationship of transforming growth factor (TGF) β3 gene SfaNI polymorphism (rs3917201 locus) and non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) in people of the Uygur's Nationality and Han's in Xinjiang, China. TGFβ3 gene fragment including SfaNI was amplified and purified as the template of the primer extension reaction thenafter. The single base extension reaction was carried out using SNP specific extension primer. The products were purified and analyzed by MALDI-TOF. The test showed that there were not significantly different frequencies of AA, AG, GG genotypes and alleles between the whole NSCL/P group and the whole control group (P>0.05).Within the Uygurs or Hans, the frequencies of genotypes between the whole NSCL/P group and the whole control group were not significantly different(P>0.05). The distributions of the A, G alleles between the NSCL/P group and the control group were not significantly different within the Uygurs (P>0.05), but significant different within the Hans (P<0.05). In all the NSCL/P patients, frequencies of genotypes and alleles were not significantly different between Uygurs and Hans (P>0.05), and not significantly (P>0.05) either between Uygurs and Hans in all the healthy persons. The results proved that TGFβ3 gene SfaNI polymorphism may not be related to NSCL/P in Xinjiang Uygur people, while the occurrence of NSCL/P in Han population may be related to frequency of the A and G allele of SfaNI polymorphism.
ObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) model in predicting the in-hospital mortality of Uyghur patients and Han nationality patients undergoing heart valve surgery. MethodsClinical data of 361 consecutive patients who underwent heart valve surgery at our center from September 2012 to December 2013 were collected, including 209 Uyghur patients and 152 Han nationality patients. According to the score for additive and logistic EuroSCORE models, the patients were divided into 3 subgroups including a low risk subgroup, a moderate risk subgroup, and a high risk subgroup. The actual and predicted mortality of each risk subgroup were studied and compared. Calibration of the EuroSCORE model was assessed by the test of goodness of fit, discrimination was tested by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ResultsThe actual mortality was 8.03% for overall patients, 6.70% for Uyghur patients,and 9.87% for Han nationality patients. The predicted mortality by additive EuroSCORE and logistic EuroSCORE for Uyghur patients were 4.03% and 3.37%,for Han nationality patients were 4.43% and 3.77%, significantly lower than actual mortality (P<0.01). The area under the ROC curve of additive EuroSCORE and logistic EuroSCORE for overall patients were 0.606 and 0.598, for Han nationality patients were 0.574 and 0.553,and for Uyghur patients were 0.609 and 0.610. ConclusionThe additive and logistic EuroSCORE are unable to predict the in-hospital mortality accurately for Uyghur and Han nationality patients undergoing heart valve surgery. Clinical use of these model should be considered cautiously.
ObjectiveTo explore the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2(VEGFR-2) protein in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to analyze the relationship between VEGFR-2 and prognostic of esophageal cancer in Uygur of Xinjiang. MethodsThe expression of VEGFR-2 protein including 72 patients with ESCC[with 56 males and 16 females at age of 57 (43-79) years] and paracarcinomatous tissues of 28 patients were detected by immunohistochemistry staining (SP) between January 2007 and september 2009 in this hospital. The Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards analysis were used to analyze the prognosis of ESCC. ResultsThe positive expression rate of VEGFR-2 protein in 72 patients with ESCC was 80.56% (58/72) and 0 in paracarcinomatous tissues. The expression of VEGFR-2 protein in the ESCC was much higher than that in paracarcinomatous tissues with a statistical difference (P<0.05). The expression of VEGFR-2 protein was significantly correlated with depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05). Tumor size was no correlation with expression of VEGFR-2 protein (P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis indicated that five-year survival rate in positive expression of VEGFR-2 was higher than that in the negative group. Lymph node metastasis, TNM staging, and the positive expression of VEGFR-2 protein were independent prognostic factors. ConclusionVEGFR-2 protein is expressed more in ESCC and might be used as the index to predict prognosis and metastasis of esophagedal carcinoma in Uygur.
ObjectiveTo comparatively analyze risk factors that influence the postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis between Xinjiang Uygur and Han women with breast cancer. MethodsThe clinical data of Han and Uyghur women with diagnosis of breast cancer at Ⅰ-Ⅲ period were completely collected for retrospective analysis. Then logistic regression (univariate and multivariate) was performed for analyzing the risk factors that influenced recurrence and metastasis. ResultsA total of 728 patients were included. The recurrence and metastasis rates among Uyghur and Han patients 3 years after surgery were 28.4%, 9.8%, respectively, including local recurrence[11 Uyghur cases (6.5%) and 9 Han cases (1.6%)] and distant metastasis[37 Uyghur cases (21.8%) and 45 Han cases (8.0%)]. Significant differences were found between the two groups in tumour size and time from symptom occurrence to clinical visits (P<0.05). Pathological type, tumour size, axillary lymph node metastasis, clinical stage, ER and PR expression, and whether to accept a regular postoperative adjuvant therapy were associated with the recurrence and metastasis rate among the patients with breast cancer at Ⅰ-Ⅲ period (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, the recurrence and metastasis rate of Uyghur patients was higher than that of Han patients with a significant difference (P<0.01). Pathological type, tumour size, and axillary lymph node metastasis number were the risk factors used to predict postoperative recurrence and metastasis among Uygur and Han patients; while ER positive expression, adjuvant radiation and postoperative chemotherapy were protective factors. ConclusionThe recurrence and metastasis rate of Uyghur patients with breast cancer is higher than that of Han patients. Pathological type, tumour size, and axillary lymph node metastasis number are the risk factors of postoperative recurrence and distant metastasis; while ER positive expression, adjuvant radiation and postoperative chemotherapy may inhibit the recurrence and distant metastasis of breast cancer.
Objective To investigate whether the individualized anticoagulation therapy based on CYP2C9 and VKORC1 gene is superior to empirical anticoagulation therapy after artificial heart valve replacement surgery in Uygur patients. Methods From December 2012 to December 2015, 210 Uygur patients who underwent artificial heart valve replacement surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were randomly assigned to a genetic anticoagulation therapy group (group A, n=106, 41 females and 65 males, aged 44.7±10.02 years) or an empirical anticoagulation therapy group (group B, n=104, 47 females and 57 males, aged 45.62±10.01 years) according to the random number table. CYP2C9 and VKORC1 genotypes were tested in the group A and then wafarin of administration in anticoagulation therapy was recommended. Patients in the group B were treated with conventional anticoagulation. Patients in both groups were followed up for 1 month and coagulation function was regularly tested. Results The percentage of patients with INR values of 1.8-2.5 after 4 weeks warfarin anticoagulation treatment in the group A was higher than that in the group B (47.1% vs. 32.7%, P=0.038). The rate of INR≥3.0 in the warfarin anticoagulation therapy period in the group A was lower than that in the group B (21.6% vs. 26.5%, P=0.411). The time to reach the standard INR value and the time to get maintenance dose were shorter in the group A compared with the group B (8.80±3.07 d vs. 9.26±2.09 d, P=0.031; 14.25±4.55 d vs. 15.33±1.85 d, P=0.032). Bleeding occured in one patient in the group A and three patients in the group B (P=0.293). Embolic events occured in three patients in the group A and five patients in the group B (P=0.436). Conclusion Compared with the empirical anticoagulation, the genetic anticoagulation based on wafarin dosing model can spend less time and make more patients to reach the standard INR value. However there is no significant difference between the two groups in the ratio of INR≥3.0, bleeding and embolic events in the warfarin anticoagulation therapy.
Objective To study the differences of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS)-related indexes between Uyghur and Han, and to provide evidence for the development of individualized treatment measures for different ethnic groups. Methods 224 Han OSAHS patients were collected from Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, and 178 Uygur OSAHS patients were collected from The First People’s Hospital of Kashi between January 2018 and December 2019. The collected data information included age, sex, nationality, body mass index (BMI), apnea hypopnea index (AHI), lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2), OSAHS stage, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting blood glucose (FBG), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc). After using propensity matching scores to reduce confounding factors, differences in above indicators between different nationalities were compared. Results The mean values of MCHC, TC and HDL in Uygur OSAHS patients were lower than those in Han patients at the same stage, and the mean values of LSaO2 and LDL in mild and severe Uygur OSAHS patients were lower than those in Han patients at the same stage, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in AHI, TG, FBG or HbAlc between Uygur and Han patients with OSAHS. Conclusion There are significant differences in LSaO2, LDL, MCHC, TC and HDL between Uygur and Han Chinese patients with OSAHS.