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find Author "肖苍松" 7 results
  • Application of Cannulation of Right Auxiliary Artery during Ascending Aorta or Aortic Arch Replacement

    Objective To introduce alternative approach of right auxiliary artery cannulation through a 8 mm hemoshield graft for cardiopulmonary bypass and selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. Methods Twentythree cases of acute type A dissection and 7 cases of ascending aortic aneurysm, in which aortic arch was involved, were evaluated. An 4-5 cm long incision beneath right clavicle was made to expose auxiliary artery with auxiliary vein and brachial plexus intact. An 8 mm hemoshield graft was anastomosed to auxiliary artery and connected to the arterial end of cardiopulmonary bypass circuit. The auxiliary artery cannula was used for arterial perfusion and also used for selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. Fifteen total arch and 15 semi-total arch replacement were performed. The graft connecting auxiliary artery was simply ligated when cardiopulmonary bypass was concluded. Results Arterial perfusion flow and pressure through auxiliary artery were not significantly different from that of cannulation via ascending aorta. No significant postoperative cerebral deficits and complications of right upper limb associated with cannulation of auxiliary artery occurred. Conclusion Arterial perfusion through right auxiliary artery provides an excellent approach for surgery of acute type A dissection and ascending aortic aneurysm with optimized body perfusion and allows for antegrade cerebral perfusion during circulatory arrest.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:10 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Coronary artery bypass grafting for patients older than 70

    Objective To introduce the results and strategy of perioperative management undergo coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for patients older than 70. Methods One hundred and twenty one patients, 93.4%(113/121) of whom was complicated with other diseases, were retrospectively studied. Off-pump CABG (OPCAB) was used in 80 cases (66.1%). For the rest patients with severely compromised heart function or small target vessel with diffuse lesion, conventional CABG (CCABG) was selected. Left internal mammary artery (LIMA) was harvested leaving pleural cavity intact and grafted to left anterior descending artery (LAD). Saphenous vein(SV) was utilized for other anastomoses. Transit-time flowmeter (TTFM) was utilized to make sure that grafts were patent with satisfactory blood flow. Procedure of sternotomy and chest closure was carefully performed to decrease the complication of mediastinitis. Adequate nutrition and gradually increased physical activity were encouraged for "fast-track". Results Grafts were 3.08±0.75 for CCABG and 2.24±0.82 for OPCAB . LIMA was used in 90.9%(110/121) patients. One patient receiving emergency operation died of multiple organ failure syndrome resulting in mortality of 0.8%. The incidence of complication was 3.3%(4/121). The others recovered smoothly without any complication. Intubation time of OPCAB(10.04±5.68 h) was significantly shorter than that of CCABG(21.46±14.54 h). Patients were discharged within 12.22±5.56 days after operation. Conclusion Good short term result, namely low incidence of mortality and complication, could be obtained in patients older than 70 who underwent CABG through meticulous perioperative management.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Risk Factors for Tromboembolism Events in Patients Undergoing Bioprosthetic Mitral Valve Replacement

    ObjectiveTo investigate the risk or protective factors for systemic embolism (SE) in patients undergoing bioprosthetic mitral valve replacement (MVR). Methods Between October 2002 and March 2013, a total of 146 patients underwent bioprosthetic MVR. There were 78 females and 68 males with mean age of 66.23±5.17 years. The primary reason of mitral valve disease was mitral valve degeneration or mitral valve leaflet prolapse in 40 patients, rheumatic heart valve disease in 101 patients, ischemic heart disease in 3 patients, infectious endocarditis in 1 patient, and mechanical peri-valvular leak in 1 patient. All patients were given anticoagulation therapy with warfarin for 3 months. Thereafter, antithrombotic medication was prescribed according to the surgeon's preference. The patients were followed up by telephone or mail for postoperative condition and SE events. ResultsSixteen (10.96%) patients developed SE events, including cerebral infarction in 13 cases, transient ischemic attack (TIA) in 2 cases and spleen infarction in 1 case. A total of 16 patients died during follow-up. The 1-year, 3-year, 5-year and 10-year cumulative survival rate after surgery was 95.2%, 93.6%, 92.5% and 88.3% respectively. Patients with SE events had lower rate of left atrial appendage obliteration than those without SE events (25.0% vs. 78.6%, P=0.015). Multivariate analysis showed that left atrial appendage obliteration was an independent protective factor for SE in patients undergoing bioprosthetic MVR (P=0.041). ConclusionLeft atrial appendage obliteration is a major protective factor for systemic embolism in patients undergoing bioprosthetic MVR no matter what antithrombotic medication is taken.

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  • Surgical Treatment of Cardiac Complications Caused by Permanent Pacemaker Implantation

    Objective To investigate clinical features and treatment strategy of cardiac complications caused by permanent pacemaker (PPM) implantation.?Methods?We retrospectively reviewed clinical records of 10 patients with cardiac complications caused by PPM who received surgical treatment in General Hospital of People’s Liberation Army from January 2003 to May 2010. There were seven males and three females with an average age of 62.9 years. One patient had an Atrial demand inhibited pacemaker (AAI) PPM and the other nine patients had a DDD PPM. Cardiac complications included infective endocarditis (IE) in 5 patients, tricuspid insufficiency (TI) in 4 patients and pulmonary artery thrombosis in one patient. According to their respective situation, these patients underwent different surgical treatment such as tricuspid valve plasty (TVP), tricuspid valve replacement and/or removal of PPM lead and vegetations as part of intensive debridement of the infected area.?Results?Postoperatively, all the patients were successfully discharged. Five patients whose PPM lines and leads were preserved in the surgery had normal PPM function. Three PPM-dependent patients whose PPM leads were removed in the surgery received a PPM reimplantation later. Nine patients were followed up for an average of 5.5 months and all these patients had a significantly improved quality of life. One patient after TVP had mild TI during follow-up. Conclusion Surgical treatment should be performed as early as possible when infection is too severeto control in patients with IE caused by PPM. PPM-induced TI may be hard to be diagnosed preoperatively, and transesophageal echocardiography or surgical exploration should be considered to establish the diagnosis. Measures should be taken to protect PPM if PPM lines and leads are preserved during operation. Patients whose PPM lines and leads are removed during the surgery need to choose a suitable time for PPM reimplantation.

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:50 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Early Results and Risk Factors of Surgical Revascularization for Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction

    ObjectiveTo analyze the early results and risk factors of surgical revascularization for patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction. Methodsclinical data of 318 patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)≤50% who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (cABG) from January 2003 to July 2013 was retrospectively reviewed. There were 266 males and 52 females with a mean age of 62.6±9.2 years (range 36 to 83). seventy-six patients underwent off-pump cABG (oPcAB) and 242 patients underwent conventional cABG. Fifteen patients underwent concomitant mitral valve repair or replacement. The patients who underwent left ventricular aneurysmectomy (LVA) were excluded from this study. Perioperative data were collected including the risk factors, echocardiographic results, morbidities and mortalities. The risk factors were analyzed with the endpoints of adverse events and mortalities to find the elements that influence the early results of the procedure. ResultsThe EuroscorE Ⅱ predicted operative mortality rate was 2.78±4.02% (range 1.00% to 45.00%) and actual mortality rate was 1.9% (6/318). Three of 6 patients died from low cardiac output syndrome. Totaladverse events rate was 47.2% (150/318) including prolonged ventilation (25.2%), low cardiac output syndrome (6.3%),ventricular arrhythmia (4.4%), acute renal dysfunction (4.1%), myocardial infarction (3.8%), cerebralvascular accident(2.8%), and re-exploration for bleeding (0.6%). Compared with those preoperatively, the LVEF was significantly improvedfrom 42.14%±5.94% to 45.64%±8.33% (t=6.084, P=0.000), and the left ventricular end diastolic dimension (LVEDD) wassignificantly reduced from 53.96±6.28 mm to 48.64±7.50 mm (t=-9.681, P=0.000) postoperatively. The logistic multiplevariables regression analysis showed perioperative intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) implantation was mutual risk factorof prolonged ventilation and low cardiac output syndrome. ConclusionSurgical revascularization is an effective optionfor patients with ischemic heart disease and left ventricular dysfunction, demonstrated by improved LVEF and reducedLVEDD. Low cardiac output syndrome is the main cause of operative death. Perioperative IABP implantation is mutualrisk factor of prolonged ventilation and low cardiac output syndrome. Meticulous perioperative management plays a keyrole in satisfactory early results.

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  • HTK versus Blood Cardioplegia for Myocardial Protection in Patients with Complex Coronary Artery Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction: A Case Control Study

    ObjectiveTo retrospectively compare and analyze the effect of myocardial protection between histidinetryptophane-ketoglutarate (HTK) and 4:1 blood cardioplegia in patients with complex coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction. MethodsFrom January 2003 to July 2013, 2132 patients underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in our institution. Among them, 227 patients with complex coronary artery disease (left main or triple vessel disease) and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤ 50%) were included in this study. According to the category of cardioplegia utilized in the operations, the patients were divided into two groups: a HTK group (85 males and 4 females, n=89) and a blood cardioplegia group (113 males and 25 females, n=138). The average age was 62.78±9.30 years in the HTK group and 62.74±9.07 years in the blood cardioplegia group. The effect of myocardial protection between two groups was compared. ResultsAccording to the pre-operational data of these two groups, there was no significant difference identified in terms of basic characteristics and risk factors, even though more female patients were found in the blood cardiophegia group and more patients with renal dysfunction were found in the HTK group. In addition, the patients in the HTK group had more distal anastomosis, longer cardiopulmonary time and cross clamping time than those in the blood cardiophegia group. Based on the results measured by those primary assessment criteria,there was no significant difference being found between these two groups. However, on those secondary assessment criteria the pulmonary pressure and inotropic support after reperfusion were significantly higher in the HTK group than its counterpart. ConclusionFor patients with complex coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction, HTK solution and blood cardioplegia provide similar effective myocardial protection. HTK doesn't significantly increase postoperative adverse cardiovascular events under the circumstance of longer ischemic time.

    Release date:2016-10-19 09:15 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 25 例急诊心脏瓣膜置换术的临床分析

    目的总结急诊心脏瓣膜置换治疗危重心脏瓣膜病患者的临床经验。方法回顾性分析 2008 年 4 月至 2018 年 4 月内科药物治疗无效的接受急诊手术治疗 25 例重症瓣膜病患者的临床资料(除外主动脉夹层、急诊搭桥同期行瓣膜手术及心脏肿物累及瓣膜手术的病例)。其中男 14 例、女 11 例,平均年龄(45.0±14.6)岁。均合并严重的心功能不全(Ⅳ级),8 例术前需要机械通气。感染性心内膜炎 11 例,均可见明显赘生物,其中 4 例合并瓣周脓肿;瓣膜重度狭窄 8 例,急性瓣膜重度关闭不全 6 例,包括急性腱索断裂 4 例、二尖瓣成形术后失败再次急诊行置换术 2 例。所有患者均在急诊、全身麻醉、体外循环下行瓣膜置换术。结果所有 25 例患者手术后住院期间死亡 6 例(24.0%),其中 5 例死于多脏器功能衰竭,1 例死于感染复发导致的败血症。另有 1 例术中出现Ⅲ度房室传导阻滞安装永久性起搏器;2 例术后早期出现脑出血,经积极治疗后康复,其余均顺利出院。随访 1~120 个月,随访率 100%(19/19),1 例术后 3 个月出现肺部感染死亡,其余患者的心功能均改善明显(Ⅰ级 3 例,Ⅱ级 15 例)。结论手术指征明确的重症瓣膜患者在内科药物治疗无效时应积极选择急诊手术治疗,不仅能够挽救患者的生命,还能提高患者远期生存质量。

    Release date:2019-07-17 04:28 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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