目的 比较股骨近端抗旋髓内钉(PFNA)与动力髋螺钉(DHS)两种方法内固定治疗高龄股骨粗隆间骨折的疗效。 方法 2007年1月-2011年1月分别采用PFNA、DHS治疗高龄股骨间粗隆骨折(EvansⅠ~Ⅳ型)共68例,其中PFNA组36例,平均年龄81.5岁;DHS组32例,平均年龄82.3岁。两组患者在年龄、性别、骨折分型、合并症以及受伤至手术时间方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),有可比性。 结果 术后68例患者均获随访,随访时间6~26个月。与DHS组比较,PFNA组手术时间短、术中出血少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);PFNA组骨性愈合时间短,但两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。术后DHS组出现1例髋内翻、1例拉力螺钉切出股骨头颈,PFNA组出现1例主钉退钉,两组术后并发症发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。术后1年PFNA组髋关节Harris评分显著高于DHS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。 结论 PFNA与DHS两种固定方法的骨性愈合时间短、术后并发症少、髋关节功能恢复好,是治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的良好方式,尤其是PFNA能减少手术时间和术中出血量,手术创伤小,对高龄且不能耐受较大手术者可作为一种首选术式。
目的 评价股骨近端防旋髓内钉(PFNA)、动力髋螺钉(DHS)、伽马钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的有效性和安全性。 方法 计算机检索Cochrane图书馆(2011年第12期),PubMed (1966年-2011年12月),EMBASE(1974年-2011年12月),web of science(1958年-2011年12月),万方数据库(1992年-2011年12月),维普资讯网(1989年-2011年12月),中国期刊全文数据库(1994年-2011年12月),中国生物医学文献数据库(1978年-2011年12月),纳入PFNA、DHS、伽马钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的随机前瞻性研究,采取修订后的Jadad评分量表对纳入研究进行质量评价。用RevMan 5.1软件进行Meta分析。 结果 共纳入12个研究(1 477例患者)。Meta分析结果显示PFNA治疗股骨转子间骨折的手术时间[MD=−32.19,95%CI(−49.69,−14.69),P=0.000 3;MD=−4.52,95%CI(−5.24,−3.80),P<0.000 01],出血量[MD=−183.06,95%CI(−277.37,−88.74),P=0.000 1;MD=−49.49,95%CI(−84.15,−14.83),P=0.005]少于DHS组和伽马钉组,但是三者在总有效率、住院时间和术后并发症等方面差异无统计学意义。DHS组与伽马钉组在所有指标差异均无统计学意义。 结论 与DHS、伽马钉相比,PFNA可明显缩短手术时间、降低术中出血量,但并不能提高总有效率、缩短住院时间以及减少术后并发症;而DHS与伽马钉治疗股骨转子间骨折的疗效无明显差异。
ObjectiveTo compare the effectiveness and complications of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) and InterTAN nail in treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fractures. MethodsA total of 178 patients with intertrochanteric fractures between January 2011 and June 2013 were enrolled. PFNA was used in 100 cases (PFNA group) and InterTAN in 78 cases (InterTAN group). No significant difference was found in gender, age, side of fracture, cause of injury, fracture classification, and time between injury and operation between 2 groups (P>0.05). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, postoperative complications, hospitalization time, fracture healing time, and Harris score were compared between 2 groups to evaluate the effectiveness. ResultsThe operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy time in PFNA group were significantly less than those in InterTAN group (P<0.05). The hospitalization time had no significant difference between the 2 groups (t=1.270, P=0.206). Primary healing was obtained in the others except 2 cases having red and swollen in each group respectively. Ninety-two cases of PFNA group and 63 cases of InterTAN group were followed up 11 months on average (range, 8-16 months). In the patients who were lost, there were 4 deaths in PFNA group and 3 deaths in InterTAN group. The complication rate was 4.2% in PFNA group (2 cases of deep venous thrombosis and 2 cases of hip varus) and was 4.5% in InterTAN group (1 case of deep venous thrombosis and 2 cases of hip varus), showing no significant difference between 2 groups (χ2=0.077, P=0.782). X-ray showed that the fracture line disappeared; no complications of malunion, bone nonunion, infection, and loosening of internal fixation occurred. The patients could walk normally. The healing time and Harris hip scores at last follow-up showed no significant difference between 2 groups (t=1.324, P=0.188; t=1.594, P=0.113). ConclusionPFNA is suitable for elderly patients with osteoporosis in treatment of femoral intertrochanteric fracture; InterTAN can be a better choice for younger patients or patients with unstable fracture.