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find Keyword "肿瘤干细胞" 27 results
  • Progress of mTOR Signal Pathway in Chemo-Resistance of Gastric Cancer

    Objective To review the role of mTOR signal pathway in chemo-resistance of gastric cancer. Methods Domestic and international publications related mTOR signal pathway in chemo-resistance of gastric cancer in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results mTOR was a central signaling molecule of mTOR signal pathway, which regulated key cellular processes such as cell growth, cell proliferation, cell metabolism, and angiogenesis. Signaling molecules of mTOR signal pathway were overexpressed in gastric cancer. Moreover, mTOR signal pathway might play an important role in chemo-resistance of gastric cancer, and tumor stem cells were involved in it too. Conclusion As mTOR signal pathway plays an important role in chemo-resistance of gastric cancer, the combination of mTOR inhibitors and chemotherapy drugs may overcome the chemo-resistance of gastric cancer.

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  • Research Status and Progress of Cancer Stem Cells in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

    Increasing evidence suggests that many types of cancers contain a population of cells that display stem cell properties. These cells are called cancer stem cells (CSCs),which are closely related to tumor initiation,growth,metastasis and chemoresistance. CSCs are also found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). These cells are characterized by potential of self-renewal and differentiation,tumor formation in nude mice and chemotherapy resistance,and thus may play an important role in targeted cancer therapies. Current methods for culturing and sorting CSCs in ESCC mainly include fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS),magnetic activated cell sorting (MACS),suspension culture,and side population (SP) cell sorting. In this review,we focus on current research methods for CSCs in ESCC,their biological characteristics and areas for improvement. We believe that a combination of multiple cell-surface makers is needed for research of CSCs in ESCC.

    Release date:2016-08-30 05:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • CANCER STEM CELL THEORY AND CANCER THERAPY

    Objective To analyze the advances of cancer stem cell (CSC) in recent years, and to propose a prospect for CSC research and cancer therapy. Methods Articles about important advances of CSC theory and cancer therapy were reviewed, and then selected and summarized. Results In 2001, CSC was first put forward as a concept, till now, which has been confirmed in many tissues. In recent years, efforts were dedicated to such topics including: identification of CSC in sol id tumors, the origin of CSC, its niche and growth mechanism, cancer therapy, etc. According to the CSC theory, traditional therapeutic methods have deficiencies, and new treatment targeting CSC may thoroughly el iminate tumors. Conclusion At present, CSC theory is still controversial, while it proposed revolutionary methods and directions for the therapy of cancer.

    Release date:2016-09-01 09:05 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Isolation and purification of melanoma stem cells in human choroidal melanoma OCM-1 cells

    Objective To isolate and purify the melanoma stem cells (MSC) in choroidal melanoma OCM-1 cells. Methods OCM-1 cells were resuscitated, and after cultured in standard Dubecco's modifided Eagle's medium (DMEM)/F12, they were cultured in serum-free medium (SFM). The cultured MSC were isolated and purified, and the positive rate of CD133, the specific markers of neurostem cells, was observed by flow cytometry (FCM). The 6th generation of the cells were stained by musashi-1 immunocytochemistry, and the rate of the positive cells was observed under the microscope. Results After the Adherent OCM-1 cells cultured in SFM, the number of the adherent number decreased obviously. The cells at the 6th generation grew as the suspended gobbets, which represented the typical grow manner of the stem cells. Positive CD133 could be found in the cells of different generations, which was 2.5%, 21.7%, and 57.8% in the non-isolated OCM-1 cells, the 1st generation of isolated cells, and the 2nd generation cells, respectively. The positive rate of CD133 in the cells at the sixth generation was 79.8% with b positive expression of musashi-1. Conclusion MSC is in the human choroidal melanoma OCM-1 cells. The suspended stem cells may be purified by limited differentiation and serial passage in SFM. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2007, 23: 87-90)

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:48 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 脑干胶质瘤的干细胞研究进展

    脑干胶质瘤是威胁人类健康的重要疾病,尤其是弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤,对儿童的影响更是致命性的。脑干胶质瘤占儿童后颅窝肿瘤的30%,而弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤占儿童脑肿瘤15%左右。后者其中位生存时间几乎不超过1年。由于过去在其生物学特性等方面研究欠缺导致此类肿瘤的治疗几乎无实质性进展。但随着近年脑干胶质瘤干细胞及其相关信号通路、细胞因子等方面的基础研究兴起,治疗方面取得了一定的成绩。在此,我们将就近几年在弥漫内生性桥脑胶质瘤基础方面的研究进展作相关综述及讨论。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 胃癌肿瘤干细胞研究现状及相关问题

    肿瘤干细胞学说是近年来快速发展和备受关注的一个理论,根据该学说,具有自我更新、多向分化、无限生长和很强成瘤能力的癌干细胞可能是肿瘤发生、发展、侵袭和复发转移的根源。当前,已有多种类型的癌干细胞被证实或探讨,然而胃癌干细胞的研究尚存在困难,相关报道很少。现就国内外近年来关于癌干细胞和胃癌干细胞的相关研究进展进行综述,探讨胃癌干细胞的培养、分离、确认鉴定及其复杂的生物学特征研究中尚面临的一些亟待解决的问题。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:13 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 乙醛脱氢酶1与肿瘤干细胞相关性研究

    【摘要】 乙醛脱氢酶(acetaldehyde dehydrogenase,ALDH)广泛存在于不同组织中,是一类具有高度氧化活性的胞浆酶类。随着肿瘤干细胞理论的提出,ALHD1被发现为多种肿瘤干细胞的表面标志,在肿瘤的诊断、治疗、判断预后等方面发挥一定作用。现就ALDH1在不同肿瘤的具体作用及在放化疗耐药方面的机制作一综述。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:24 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 肺癌干细胞分离与鉴定研究进展

    【摘要】 随着肿瘤干细胞学说的兴起,肺癌干细胞研究也方兴未艾,肺癌干细胞可能在肺癌发生、进展过程中发挥关键作用。目前已发现肺癌发生可能与肺内成体干细胞有关,同时也有较多证据支持肺癌内存在肿瘤干细胞,但进一步研究肺癌干细胞的前提和基础是对其进行有效分离与鉴定,这是目前对肺癌干细胞进行深入研究所面临的主要障碍之一。CD133、ABCG2、ALDH等的表达可能与肺癌干细胞有关,现就文献中依靠上述标志物对肺癌干细胞进行分离及鉴定的方法与结果进行归纳探讨。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:52 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The Expression and Clinical Significance of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT Protein in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

    Objective To investigate the expressions of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT protein in hepatocellular carcinoma, and the correlations of each other in the development of carcinoma. Methods The expressions of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT protein in hepatocellular carcinoma were detected by S-P immunohistochemical staining, 20 cases of normal liver tissues were collected as contrast, and to compare the relations between expression and prognosis or survival rate. Results The positive rate of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT protein in hepatocellular carcinoma group were obviously higher than that in contrast group(P<0.05), which was 63.9% vs. 0, 52.8% vs.5.0%, and 47.2% vs.0, respectively. The positive rate of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT protein were higher in UICC Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage group than that in UICC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ group(P<0.05), which was 79.2% vs.33.3%, 70.8% vs.16.7%, and 62.5% vs.16.7%, respectively. There was a statistically significant positive correlation observed between the expressions of CD90 and IGF1R protein (Kendall’s tau-b=0.563 1, P<0.05), so it was with CD90 and hTERT protein (Kendall’s tau-b=0.363 6, P<0.05). The survival rates of positive expressions of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT protein were lower than negative expressions of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT(P<0.05), which was 21.7% vs.50.0%, 17.6% vs.43.8%, and 20.0% vs.38.9%, respectively. Conclusions The expressions of CD90, IGF1R, and hTERT may have correlations with the progress of HCC, and may serve as a marker for HCC prognosis potentially.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:36 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Research Progress of Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Transition in Gastrointestinal Cancer

    ObjectiveTo summarize the role of epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT) in occurrence and development of gastrointestinal cancer. MethodsDomestic and international publications online involving EMT of gastrointestinal cancer in recent years were collected and reviewed. ResultsEMT was a highly conserved process that has been well characterised in embryogenesis. Studies had shown that the aberrant activation of EMT in adult epithelia could promote tumour metastasis by repressing cell adhesion molecules. E-cadherin, one of the epithelial cell markers, maybe involved in the process of the EMT, especially of the Ecadherin transcriptional repressors, these transcriptional repressors significantly increased in the gastrointestinal cancer. Further more, EMT might involve in the process of gastrointestinal cancer stem cells formation. ConclusionsEMT and it’s regulators play a very important role in gastrointestinal cancer, and may provide a newsight into the gastrointestinal cancer. It also can provide a novel clinical targets to treat the gastrointestinal cancer.

    Release date:2016-09-08 10:45 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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