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find Keyword "胸部高分辨率 CT" 2 results
  • 三例肺肿瘤血栓性微血管病的临床、影像及病理分析

    目的观察肺肿瘤血栓性微血管病(PTTM)的临床、影像学及病理特点,提高临床医生对该病的认识。方法回顾性分析南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院 2013 年 10 月至 2016 年 8 月根据临床、影像学及病理特点确诊的 3 例 PTTM 的临床资料,总结其临床、影像学以及病理特征。结果3 例 PTTM 中男 2 例,女 1 例,年龄 29~51 岁,均为亚急性起病,主要临床表现为干咳、进行性呼吸困难。实验室检查示 D-二聚体明显增高,血气分析提示低氧血症。超声心动图肺动脉收缩压中重度增高。高分辨率 CT 均表现为双肺弥漫性小结节影、小叶间隔增厚。正电子发射计算机断层显像均证实原发肿瘤部位。3 例患者原发病均为胃癌,其中 2 例经支气管镜肺活检证实胃癌肺转移,另一例骨活检证实胃癌伴骨转移。患者入院时均未明确诊断为肿瘤,病情进展迅速,于入院后 2 周内死亡。结论PTTM 临床症状无特异性,一旦肿瘤患者出现进行性的呼吸困难及血液高凝状态,出现不明原因的肺动脉高压,而 CT 下肺动脉造影未显示肺栓塞时,应警惕 PTTM 的可能。PTTM 诊断困难,容易漏诊、误诊,缺乏有效的治疗手段,预后极差。

    Release date:2018-09-21 02:39 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical characteristics of patients with nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis

    Objective To enhance the understanding of nonfibrotic hypersensitivity pneumonitis (nfHP) by summarizing the clinical characteristics of 32 cases of nfHP. Methods The data of 32 cases with nfHP was collected and analyzed. They were diagnosed in Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from Jan 1st, 2017 to Oct 31, 2021. Results The median age of the nfHP patients was 54 years, among whom 75.0% were females. The cases developed in a majority of avian exposure (22 cases, 68.8%). The main symptoms were dyspnea/shortness of breath (28 cases, 87.5%), cough (25 cases, 78.1%)and sputum production (21 cases, 65.6%). High-resolution CT (HRCT) showed diffuse ground glass opacification (25 cases, 78.1%), centrilobular ground glass nodules (20 cases, 62.5%) and air trapping (9 cases, 28.1%). Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) featured an increase of proportion of lymphocytes (>20%, 90.6% and >40%, 50%), and a decrease of CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio (<1.2, 65.6% and <0.8, 40.6%). Most of the cases had reduced diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide (16 cases out of 26 cases, 61.5%) and decreased total lung capacity (13 cases out of 26 cases, 50%). Few cases showed obstructive ventilatory function (6 cases out of 26 cases, 23.1%). Most cases (22 cases, 68.8%) of nfHP showed an excellent survival with short-term corticosteroid treatment. Few cases (5 cases, 15.6%) experienced spontaneous remission after antigen avoidance. Conclusions The diagnosis of nfHP includes identifying antigenic exposures, featured chest HRCT and lymocytosis in BALF. nfHP patients showed an excellent survival with short-term corticosteroid treatment as well as antigen avoidance.

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