Objective To observe the clinical features of choroidal folds in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease. Methods The clinical data of 112 patients with choroidal folds in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were examined by fundus color photography and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA). 8 patients underwent indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and 7 patients received optical coherence tomography (OCT) meanwhile. Results Of the 112 patients, 16 patients (14.3%) had choroidal folds. on FFA, there are 10 to 15 hypofluorescenct bands radiating from the optic disk which were similar to the large retinal vessels in shape and number(choroidal fine folds). On ICGA the choroidal folds showed obvious hyperfluorescence at the late stage. On OCT the reflective bands of Bruch membrane and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) showed the wavy folds. Conclusions Choroidal folds in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease are characterized by fine folds radiating from the optic disk which is not uncommon in Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical features in idiopathic hypotony maculopathy.MethodsA retrospective case series study. Eighteen eyes of 18 patients who were diagnosed with idiopathic hypotony maculopathy were enrolled in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from August 2012 to December 2017. There were 8 males (8 eyes) and 10 females (10 eyes). All patients underwent examinations including BCVA, optometry, slit lamp microscope, fundus color photography, UBM, B-mode ultrasound, OCT, FFA and axial length (AL). BCVA was recorded with logMAR acuity. The results of affected eyes and contralateral healthy eyes were compared. Paired t test was performed to compare the intraocular pressure (IOP), diopter and AL of the affected eyes and contralateral healthy eyes.ResultsAmong 18 eyes, there were 6 eyes with logMAR BCVA＜1.0, 10 eyes with logMAR BCVA 1.0−2.0, 2 eyes with light perception. The average diopter was +2.32±1.78 D. The average IOP was 5.18±1.38 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa). The average AL was 20.92±1.61 mm. The differences of IOP (t=21.6, P＜0.000), diopter (t=5.9, P=0.002) and AL (t=9.13, P＜0.000) between the affected eyes and contralateral healthy eyes were significant. The inflammatory reaction in the anterior segment was observed in 13 eyes (72.22%). In the posterior segment, all the eyes were documented with chorioretinal folds, optic disc swelling and retinal phlebectasia were also demonstrated in 14 eyes, while with macular uplift in 7 eyes. In the UBM and gonioscope examination, the angle chamber was open in all patients with ciliary body cyst in 6 eyes, while no ciliary body detachment was detected. All eyes had been examined with B-scan ultrasound and found the increasing thickness of eye ball in all eyes, and nodular changes in the optic papilla in 5 eyes. The chorioretinal folds were further confirmed by OCT with the appearance of the gear shape, much more obviously in the choroid than that in retina. In the FFA, fluorescein leakage was found around the optic disc in 13 eyes at the late stage, while there was no obvious abnormal leakage in the macular or poster part of retina.ConclusionsIdiopathic hypotony maculopathy could present with various clinical manifestations. The choroiretinal folds is typical clinical sign.