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find Keyword "脑缺血" 18 results
  • Influence of Alcohol Intervention on the Outcome of Rats and Mice with Ischemic Stroke: A Systematic Review

    Objective To systematically evaluate the influence of alcohol intervention on the outcome of rats and mice with ischemic stroke. Methods Databases including PubMed, EMbase, BIOSIS and CNKI were electronically searched from establishment dates of databases to June 2012 to retrieve animal experiments on the influence of alcohol intervention on the outcome of rats and mice with ischemic stroke. The relevant studies were identified according to the predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, the data were extracted, and the quality was evaluated. Then meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results Eight studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that no significant difference was found between the alcohol intervention group and the control group (MD=−6.98%, 95%CI −20.38% to 6.43%, P=0.31). However, compared with the control group, low dose of acute alcohol intervention (less than 2 g/kg) improved the prognosis of ischemic stroke with a significant difference (MD=−22.83%, 95%CI −38.77% to −6.89%, P=0.005), and highly-concentrated of chronic alcohol intervention worsened the cerebral ischemic damage of rats and mice with a significant difference (MD=24.06%, 95%CI 10.54% to 37.58%, P=0.000 5). Conclusion Low dose of acute alcohol intervention (less than 2 g/kg) could improve the prognosis of rats and mice with ischemic stroke which has the potential neuro-protective effects. However, highly-concentrated chronic alcohol intervention could worsen the cerebral ischemic damage. Due to the limitations of the included studies such as publication bias, the influence of alcohol intervention on the outcome of rats and mice with ischemic stroke could be overestimated.

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  • 应用超声波评价冠状动脉旁路移植术患者脑缺血并发症的危险因素

    目的 为减少冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)患者术后脑缺血并发症的发生,评价其危险因素. 方法 术前对连续施行CABG的65例患者常规行双功能彩色多普勒血流图象(CDFI)和经颅多普勒(TCD)检查,观察颈动脉和颅内动脉形态学和血流动力学指标的改变(包括颈动脉内膜厚度、斑块的发生、血管狭窄率等). 结果 CDFI检测异常57例(87.7%);颈内动脉狭窄gt;50%13例,其中单侧狭窄50%~69% 6例,双侧狭窄50%~69% 2例,双侧狭窄70%~99% 1例,一侧颈内动脉闭塞、一侧狭窄gt;50% 4例.TCD发现颅内动脉单支狭窄8例,多支狭窄25例.术后死亡2例(3.1%),围术期心肌梗死2 例.冠状动脉3支病变患者颈动脉内膜增厚和多发性斑块发生率明显高于2支病变患者(χ2=4.37, 8.56;P=0.034, 0.013). 结论 术前行CDFI和TCD检查对颈动脉和颅内动脉硬化病变是一种可行的无创筛选方法,对减少CABG患者脑缺血并发症,提高冠心病的外科治疗水平很有价值.

    Release date:2016-08-30 06:30 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • SURGICAL TREATMENT OF CAROTID STENOSIS

    Objective To summarize cl inical experience of carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in treating severe carotid stenosis. Methods Between October 1998 and January 2010, 215 patients with carotid stenosis were treated with CEA. There were 140 males and 75 females with an average age of 66 years (range, 51-88 years). Transient ischemic attack (TIA) occurred in127 cases, and 31 cases had history of cerebral infarction. All cases were diagnosed definitely by selective angiography and/or CT angiography, and stenosis degree was more than 80%; contralateral carotid artery was also involved in 45 cases. Ninty-six cases were found to have coronary artery stenosis by coronary angiography. CEA and coronary artery bypass grafting were performed simultaneously in 25 cases. Peripheral arterial disease was found in 43 cases and treated at the same time. Results A total of 155 patients were followed up 6-72 months. The cl inical symptom significantly alleviated in 148 cases postoperatively. Two cases had compl ication of cerebral hemorrhage within 1 week postoperatively; one died and the other was resumed after the conservative treatment. One case had hypoglossal nerve injury. Four cases had injuring marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve, and no special treatment was given. Restenosis was found in 25 patients, and the stenosis degree was less than 25%; moreover, the patients had no TIA. One case died of heart attack at 3 years of follow-up period. Conclusion CEA is an effective and safe method for treating severe carotid stenosis.

    Release date:2016-08-31 05:49 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 单眼一过性黑矇临床研究新进展

    视网膜一过性缺血(TIA)所致的单眼一过性黑矇(TMVL)是短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)的一种。视网膜动脉本身的部分阻塞、远隔部位的病变如心源性或近端大动脉源性血栓栓子以及眼动 脉或颈动脉狭窄基础上的系统性低血压均可导致TMVL。其中最常见的原因是粥样硬化的颈动脉来源的血栓栓塞导致的视网膜一过性低灌注。与大脑半球TIA相比,TMVL与颈动脉疾病的 关系更为密切。2%~17%的TMVL患者会在发病6个月到3年内发生脑卒中,而且主要为大血管 梗塞。高龄、男性、既往TIA或中风史、间歇性跛行、颈动脉狭窄程度在80%以上以及侧支 循环差是TMVL患者发生脑卒中的高危因素。所有TMVL患者均应早期进行血管性危险因素控制并接受规范抗血小板治疗进行脑血管病二级预防,颈内动脉内膜剥脱手术等血管内治疗可使伴有重度颈动脉狭窄的TMVL患者发生脑卒中的危险明显降低。

    Release date:2016-09-02 05:46 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The influence of cold provocation and calcium channel blocker to the optic disc blood flow of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

    Purpose To examine the change of optic disc blood flow in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG) patients after cold provocation test and nifedipine administration. Methods Using Heidelberg retinal flowmetry (HRF),the blood flow of optic disc of glaucoma patients and normal control subjects were measured under basal condition, after cold provocation test,and after nifedipine administration. Results The mean optic disc blood volume and flow of POAG patients reduced from 27.1 and 545.4 to 22.3 and 452.4 after cold provocation test (Plt;0.05),and increased to 29.0 and 579.5 after nifedipine adminstration(Plt;0.05).The changes of mean optic disc blood flow of patients with a history of cold extremities show statistic significance compared with whom without such history (Plt;0.05)). Conclusion The changes of blood flow of optic disc in POAG patients may be influenced by cold stimuli and administration of nifedipine,and the history of cold extremities might be connected with the change of optic disc blood flow in POAG patients. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2000,16:85-87)

    Release date:2016-09-02 06:05 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病眼底检查

    Release date:2016-09-02 06:11 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 远端缺血预处理对脑缺血保护作用的研究进展

    远端缺血预处理可以诱导脑缺血耐受形成从而产生脑保护作用,具有很强的临床应用价值。其可通过机体不太重要的器官的缺血预处理来保护重要器官如脑、心脏、肺、小肠、胃、肝等,其脑保护机制可能与内源性一氧化氮、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶通道、Notch信号、热应激蛋白70表达、抗氧化作用、抑制神经元凋亡、神经和(或)体液因素等有关。现对远端缺血预处理对脑缺血保护作用相关机制的研究现状作一综述。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Clinical Application of 1.5T Magnetic Resonance Arterial Spin Labeling, Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Magnetic Resonance Aangiography in the Diagnosis of Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

    目的 探讨磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)、动脉自旋标记技术(ASL)、磁共振血管成像(MRA)联合应用在缺血性脑血管病诊断中的价值。 方法 对2010年3月-2012年5月经临床和影像学诊断的104例缺血性脑血管病患者,行常规MRI、液体衰减反转恢复序列、DWI及ASL、MRA序列检查,分析DWI、ASL、MRA多种技术显示病变的信号特征、面积大小及与血管关系。 结果 DWI对急性及亚急性脑梗死的检出率为100%,对大、小面积梗死病灶检出率无明显差异;ASL对大、小面积的急性及亚急性脑梗死的检出率有差异,对大面积梗死检出率为100%,对小面积梗死的检出率为70%;DWI和ASL对短暂性脑缺血发作的检出率分别为0%、70%,液体衰减反转恢复序列对短暂性脑缺血发作患者大脑皮层下斑状缺血灶检出最敏感。 结论 DWI和ASL均可用于急性脑梗死的早期诊断,ASL对大、小面积的急性及亚急性脑梗死的检出率有差异,DWI、ASL及MRA联合应用可准确评估缺血半暗区及侧支血管情况,在缺血性脑血管病诊断中有重要价值。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:34 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Expression of Laminin and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 around the Infarct Area Following Focal Ischemia in Rat Brains and Its Significance

    目的  观察局灶性脑缺血梗死区周围层粘连蛋白(Laminin)及基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-9表达,探讨其在脑缺血再灌注损伤发病机制中的作用。 方法 将45只体重250~300 g、4个月龄的Sprague Dawley(SD)雄性大鼠随机分为假手术(Sham)组与局灶性缺血再灌注(MCAO)组。MCAO组又分6、24、72 h及7 d组,每组各9只。光学显微镜下观察脑组织病理改变,免疫组织化学染色检测各组Laminin及MMP-9的表达情况。 结果 再灌注后6 h,即有MMP-9表达明显增高,表达高峰出现在再灌注后24 h,3 d时有所下降,至7 d时仍明显高于基础水平(P<0.01)。Laminin的表达于再灌注6 h开始降低,24 h降至最低,3 d后开始缓慢回升。 结论 脑缺血再灌注后,病变区MMP-9与Laminin表达变化可反映脑血管壁受损状况,并与脑缺血损伤及修复过程有关。

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  • 短暂性脑缺血发作的全脑血管造影病因分析

    【摘要】目的 应用全脑血管造影技术探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(transient ischemic attack,TIA)的病因及发病机制。方法 2007年-2009年收治TIA患者17例,行全脑血管造影检查,观察患者颈动脉系统和椎动脉系统责任血管的病变情况。结果 13例有血管狭窄,占76.5%,其中单纯颅外动脉病变4例,单纯颅内动脉病变6例,颅内外联合病变3例。颈动脉系统有责任血管狭窄11例(78.6%),正常3例(21.4%);椎动脉系统有责任血管狭窄2例,正常1例。结论 颅内外血管狭窄是TIA的主要病因。

    Release date:2016-09-08 09:31 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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