目的 探讨Grave病患者采用131I治疗前后血清中白细胞介素-2（IL-2）及白细胞介素-12 p40（IL-12p40）含量的改变及细胞因子在该疾病中的作用与意义。 方法 采用酶联免疫吸附试验双抗夹心法、放射免疫法，对2009年10月－2011年12月收治的28例Grave病患者（治疗组）经131I治疗前后血清中IL-2和IL-12p40含量进行自身对比及与健康志愿者（对照组）对比；同时对治疗组患者治疗前、后的血清游离三碘甲腺原氨酸（FT3）、血清游离甲状腺素（FT4）、促甲状腺激素（TSH）水平与对照组进行对比。 结果 治疗后患者血清中IL-2和IL-12p40的水平为（19.54 ± 11.17）、（615.88 ± 349.32） ng/mL，明显高于治疗前（P＜0.05），且与对照组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；患者治疗前后血清中IL-2和IL-12p40水平与FT3、FT4水平有显著相关性。 结论 血清IL-2和IL-12p40可能共同参与Grave病的发病过程，并且这两种因子的水平与FT3、FT4水平呈负相关性。
Iron death is an alternative to normal cell death and is regulated by a variety of cellular metabolic pathways. Iron death has become a hot topic of research because it can cause damage to various organs and degenerative diseases in the body. Metabolism, signalling pathways, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and immune cells can all affect the occurrence of iron death, and the blood-retina destruction induced by iron death plays an important role in autoimmune uveitis. Exploring the components of the blood-retina regulatory mechanism of iron death in autoimmune uveitis can lead to the search for targeted drug targets, which can provide a new research idea for the subsequent study of the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune uveitis.
ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to find a new method for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, and to study the efficacy and safety of Bacteroidesfragilis (BF839) in the adjunctive treatment of refractory epilepsy, as well as the improvement of comorbidity.MethodsA prospective, single-arm, open pilot clinical study was designed for the additive treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy using BacteroidesFragilis 839 (BF839). 47 patients with refractory epilepsy, who were admitted to the epilepsy outpatient clinic of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from April 2019 to October 2019, were enrolled and treated with BF839 adjunct treatment. The primary efficacy endpoint was median percent reduction from baseline in monthly (28-day) seizure frequency for the 16-week treatment period. Other efficacy analysis included response rate(proportion of patients with ≥ 50% seizure reduction) in the 16 weeks period, the proportion of patients seizure free and the retention rate after12 months intervention, and the observance of the side effects and comorbidities.ResultsThe median reduction percent of all seizure types was −53.5% (P=0.002). The response rate was 61.1% (22/36). 8.5% (4/47) patients seizure free at 12 months. The retention rate at 12 months was 57.4% (27/47). The side effects were diarrhea 4.3% (2/47) and constipation 4.3% (2/47). 48.9% (23/47) of the patients reported improvement in comorbidities, with cognitive improvement of 21.2% (10/47).ConclusionBF839 can be used as an effective additive therapy to treat drug-resistant epilepsy. It is safe and beneficial to the improvement of comorbidities. This is the first time in the world that a single intestinal strain has been reported to be effective in treating drug-resistant epilepsy. This research has important implications.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical characteristic of IgG4 related lung disease. MethodsThe clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,imaging,diagnosis and treatment data of 2 patients with IgG4 related lung disease admitted in the PLA General Hospital from January 2000 to January 2014 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.Related literatures were also reviewed. ResultsThe serum IgG level of IgG4 related lung disease might be normal and the levels of IgG1,2,3 and 4 might increase.Some autoantibodies were positive.IgG4 related lung disease could be easily misdiagnosed as Sjogren's syndrome associated with interstitial pneumonia when the lacrimal gland and salivary gland were involved,and the chest CT occasionally showed multiple vesicles.The immunochemical staining of lung tissues revealed the increase of IgG4/IgG and the number of IgG4 positive lymphatic plasma cells >10/HP.The combination of clinical manifestation,laboratory examination,imaging and pathology results was more conducive for the diagnosis of IgG4 related lung disease.After the treatment of glucocorticoid,the clinical symptoms were relieved and the serum IgG4 level obviously decreased. ConclusionIgG4 related lung disease is rare in clinic,which can involve the lung alone or multiple organs.The increase of IgG4/IgG indicated by the immunochemical staining of lung tissues is the gold standard for diagnosis.Glucocorticoid has good treatment effect in IgG4 related lung disease.
【Abstract】Objective To study the relation between iodine and experimental autoimmune thyroiditis(EAT). Methods Establishment of animal model was performed with iodine and thyroglobulin(TG).The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: normal control group(NC), low iodine group (LI,500 μg/L), high iodine group(HI,500 mg/L), TG+Freund adjuvant group(TG) and TG+Freund adjuvant+HI group(TG+HI). The rats in TG group and TG+HI group were rejected hypodermically with TG emulsified by complete Freund adjuvant, and strengthen immunity was conducted with TG emulsified by incomplete Freund adjuvant on 15 days. After that, strengthen immunity was done weekly till the end of the experiment. Serum TGAb and TPOAb were measured by radioimmunoassay. Observation of the pathological changes of thyroid gland was also done. Results Thyroid follicular destruction and lymphocytic infiltration in the TG+HI group (3.83±1.72) and HI group (3.00±0.89) were significantly higher than that of the NC group(0.67±0.82)，P＜0.05. The results of the TG group were higher compared with the NC group, but there were no significant differences between them（Pgt;0.05）. The levels of TGAb in the TG+HI (4.990±1.505)，HI (3.589±1.240) and TG group (4.883±1.198) were significant higher than those of the NC group (0.642±0.454) and the LI group (0.707±0.240)，P＜0.01. The levels of TPOAb in TG+HI group (1.475±0.523) and TG group (1.316±0.606) were significantly higher than those of the NC group (0.365±0.196) and the LI group（P＜0.01）. Serum TGAb and TPOAb levels were positively correlated with the histological grades of lymphocytic thyroiditis(r=0.9,P＜0.05）. Conclusion Excessive iodine intake may induce the occurrence of EAT. The induction of EAT with excessive iodine and TG may be more efficient.
ObjectiveTo summarize and analyze the possible association between thyroid diseases and alopecia areata. MethodThe literatures on the relationship between thyroid disease and alopecia areata in recent years were searched and reviewed. ResultsAmong individuals with alopecia areata, the risk of thyroid disease was heightened. They were more susceptible to autoimmune thyroid conditions, often accompanied by thyroid function abnormalities. Moreover, alopecia areata patients face an increased risk of thyroid cancer. However, in patients with thyroid disease, the change of the incidence of alopecia areata was not completely clear. The risk of alopecia areata was increased in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease, and abnormal thyroid function may be one of the potential reasons for the persistence of alopecia areata. ConclusionsAutoimmune thyroid disease and alopecia areata may have a common disease basis. Patients with alopecia areata are at greater risk of autoimmune thyroid disease and thyroid dysfunction. The increased risk of alopecia areata in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease may be related to abnormal thyroid function.
ObjectiveTo learn the distribution pattern and characteristics of autoimmune pancreatitis research literature, and its worldwide research trend. MethodsPublished data between September 22, 2004 and September 21, 2014 were searched by using the keyword autoimmune pancreatitis in the database of Pubmed. Publication year, journals, authors and research topics were bibliometrically analyzed. The analysis software Bibliographic Item Co-occurrence Matrix Builder was used for cluster analysis on high-frequency keywords. ResultsA total of 1 518 articles on autoimmune pancreatitis were acquired. The amount of published literature rose rapidly in the past 10 years, reaching its peak in the year of 2012. Most of the articles were published by several leading authors in the leading journals. There were 26 keywords with a frequency of more than 30 times, and 4 categories were classified through cluster analysis of these keywords. They were pathology and immunology, imaging, diagnosis and treatment. ConclusionsAttention on autoimmune pancreatitis has been increasing in the recent 10 years. Japanese researchers have been taking the lead. Current research focus is the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis.
Autoimmune ocular diseases are a type of inflammatory eye condition characterized by the involvement of the immune response. This includes various types disease such as autoimmune uveitis, thyroid-associated eye disease, and primary Sjögren's syndrome. In recent years, breakthroughs have been achieved in inducing transplant tolerance, understanding tumor immune evasion, and preventing autoimmune diseases using immune checkpoint molecules. Negative immune checkpoints effectively control disease progression by inhibiting T cell proliferation, reducing inflammatory cytokine levels, and ultimately regulating autoimmune balance. Therefore, the negative immune checkpoint molecules are expected to be used as a new therapeutic target in the future, and the combination therapy through the combination of negative immune checkpoint drugs is expected to become an important direction to improve the efficacy of the treatment of autoimmune diseases.