目的 探讨肝外伤的早期诊断与治疗效果。方法 回顾性分析采用不同手段治疗的各种肝外伤52例患者的临床资料。结果 男30例，女22例，腹部开放性伤18例(34.6%)，腹部闭合性伤34例(65.4%)，腹腔穿刺阳性率为92.3%(48/52)，超声检查阳性率为88.9%(40/45),CT检查阳性率为100%(50/50)。非手术治愈16例； 手术治疗36例(包括3例因非手术治疗而中转手术)，手术方式包括单纯缝合止血、大网膜填塞+缝合止血、明胶海绵填塞+缝合止血、清创性肝切除、腹腔镜探查+缝合止血。治愈率为96.2%(50/52)，死亡率为3.8%(2/52)。2例死于肝内血管损伤大出血。结论 CT检查进行肝损伤分级和血流动力学状态是决定治疗方式的关键，腹腔镜探查是明确诊断的良好微创方法。
目的 总结肝移植治疗慢性重症肝炎急性肝衰竭的经验，以期改善预后。 方法 回顾性分析我院施行的3例慢性重症肝炎急性肝衰竭肝移植临床资料。结果 2例男性，1例女性，术前均诊断为慢性重症肝炎急性肝衰竭，肝功能Child分级均为C级，MELD评分分别为56.72、31.90及52.83，肝性脑病Ⅱ°～Ⅳ°，均合并肺部、腹腔感染，术前人工肝治疗1～3次，均行背驮式肝移植，术后病例3停用免疫抑制剂11 d，病例2和病例3痊愈出院，病例1因严重感染继发多器官功能衰竭死亡。结论 术前、术后人工肝支持改善内环境、术中及时补充凝血物质和术后有效控制感染是保证肝移植治疗慢性重症肝炎急性肝衰竭良好预后的关键措施。
ObjectiveTo evaluate the operative technique and clinical efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) combined with esophagogastric devascularization in treatment of portal hypertension induced by liver cirrhosis. MethodsTwelve cases with esophageal and gastric varices induced by portal hypertension and liver cirrhosis were treated by the LS combined with esophagogastric devascularization in our department from March 2009 to August 2010, which clinical data were analyzed and summarized retrospectively. ResultsThe splenic artery was ligated before the treatment of splenic pedicle in 12 cases, LS combined with pericardial devascularization was successfully performed in 10 cases, 7 cases of which were treated by the level two transection method of splenic pedicle, and 2 cases were converted to open surgery due to intraoperative bleeding. In 10 cases, the operative time was 180-300 min (average 210 min), and intraoperative blood loss was 200-1 000 ml (average 480 ml). The postoperative hospital stay was 8-15 d (average 9 d)， the postoperative complications included plural effusion （lt;300 ml） in 2 cases， mild ascites （lt;300 ml） in 2 cases, and mild pancreatic leakage in 1 case， but all were cured eventually， and no mortality occurred. Followup was conducted in 12 patients for 4 to 20 months (average 7 months), and no rebleeding occurred. ConclusionsLS combined with pericardial devascularization is relatively safe and effective methods in treatment of portal hypertension induced by liver cirrhosis. The keys to success include ligation of splenic artery, and the use of harmonic scalpel combined with ligasure to treat splenic pedicle.