目的 探讨原位肝移植术后并发症的诊治经验。 方法 回顾性分析我院16例肝病患者行17例次肝移植术后各种并发症的诊断及治疗方法。 结果 全组手术成功12例次，围手术期死亡5例，死亡原因： 脑出血1例，急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）1例，急性肾功能衰竭1例，肝动脉血栓1例，急性排斥反应1例。现存活6例，其中1例存活已超过3年。术后并发腹腔内出血3例，脑血管病变2例，ARDS 2例，血管并发症2例，胆道并发症3例，急、慢性排斥反应各2例，急性肾功能衰竭2例。 结论 肝移植围手术期采取合理的防治措施能有效地减少肝移植术后并发症的发生，对肝移植术后并发症的及时诊断和有效治疗是提高肝移植术后成功率的关键。
Objective To analyze the surgical techniques for the procurement and back-table surgery of the graft in living-related small bowel transplantation. Methods Eligible donor was chosen according to the donor selection criteria of living-related small bowel transplantation, and preoperative plan was designed. A segment of ileum of 120 cm was procured 20 cm proximal to the ileocecal valve which was preserved in the donor. The techniques for the procurement and back-table surgery of the graft were summarized, which included measurement of entire small bowel length from Treitz to ileocecal valve, palpation and transillumination to identify the distal branch of the superior mesenteric artery， and transient blockage of isolated blood vessels with vascular clamps in order to observe the influence on the blood circulation of graft and residual ileum. The detailed manipulation techniques in processing the graft blood vessels were discussed. Results The operations were successful both on the donor and the recipient. The functions of implanted segment of bowel were well. The donor had no other complications, such as mesenteric thrombi and anastomosis leakage of intestine, except for transient moderate diarrhea. She was discharged 14 days after operation. In the next 8 months of following-up, the donor has not experienced significant alteration in bowel habits or weight loss. Now she is in good appetite, without any changes in the habit and amount on diet. No changes have been found in lifestyle, work habits, or psychosocial conditions after the small bowel donation. Conclusion The procurement of a segment of ileum as graft and preservation of 20 cm proximal to the donor ileocecal valve may be ideal protocol. Using a standardized technique with attention presents little recent or long-term risks for the donor and brings satisfied effect for the recipient.