ObjectiveTo evaluate diagnostic performance of crithidia luciliae immunofluorescence test (CLIFT), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), linear immunoassay (LIA) and chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for detection of anti-dsDNA antibodies for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MethodsA total of 178 sera[SLE (n=86), other systemic rheumatic diseases (n=62), and healthy individual (n=30)], from whom received treatment from July 2012 to June 2013, were tested by 4 different assay kits. ResultsThe diagnostic performances of four methods for detecting anti-dsDNA antibodies for SLE were ELISA, CLIA, CLIFT and LIA, from higher to lower; while ELISA had the highest sensitivity (67.4%), and CLIA had the highest specificity (95.6%). The three test methods (ELISA, LIA, CLIA) had almost perfect concordance with the comparison method (CLIFT, Kappa >0.8). With cut-off values set at 95% of specificity, there was no statistical difference of sensitivity between ELISA and CLIA (58.1%, 60.5%; P>0.05). ConclusionFour assays can be used for the clinical detection of anti-dsDNA antibodies, and the results have an almost perfect concordance. Different assays show various performances depending on the methods and cut-off values used.
Objective To summarize the research status and progress of imaging diagnosis of periampullary carcinoma. Methods The literatures on imaging diagnosis of periampullary carcinoma were reviewed. Results At present, the commonly used imaging diagnosis methods for periampullary carcinoma mainly include ultrasound, CT, MRI, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Some other new imaging techniques had also been applied in the diagnosis and evaluation of periampullary carcinoma. Conclusions Different imaging methods have their own advantages and disadvantages in the diagnosis of periampullary carcinoma. Therefore, the detection rate and diagnostic accuracy of periampullary carcinoma can be improved by rational selection of imaging techniques or combined application of multiple techniques.
Objective To observe the protective effects of diazoxide-preconditioning on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury of rats and discuss its possible mechanisms. Methods Fourteen healthy SD rats were randomly divided into two groups（7 each group）,In diazoxide-preconditioning group diazoxide was injected with the dosage of 12.5mg/kg through the vein,and in control group the media with the same amount was only given before ischemia. The left anterior descending branch was ligated for 2 hours. The heart was quickly excised after 2 hours reperfusion to be used for measurement of the quantity of malondialdehyde（MDA）, the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, the size of myocardial infarct area, and the cell apoptosis and ultrastructure in ischemic area. Results Compared with the control group, the quantity of MDA,the percentage of the weight of myocardial infarct area/ischemic area, and the rate of cell apoptosis in the diazoxide-preconditioning group were greatly reduced （P〈0.05, 0. 01）. The damage of cell uhrastructure was obviously alleviated,Conclusion Diazoxide-preconditioning provides evident cardioprotective effect on the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury of rats.
Objective To observe the protective effects of diazoxide-preconditioning on myocardial ischemiareperfusion injury of rats and discuss its possible mechanisms. Methods Fourteen healthy SD rats were randomly divided into two groups（7 each group）,In diazoxide-preconditioning group diazoxide was injected with the dosage of 12.5mg/kg through the vein,and in control group the media with the same amount was only given before ischemia. The left anterior descending branch was ligated for 2 hours. The heart was quickly excised after 2 hours reperfusion to be used for measurement of the quantity of malondialdehyde（MDA）, the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, the size of myocardial infarct area, and the cell apoptosis and ultrastructure in ischemic area. Results Compared with the control group, the quantity of MDA,the percentage of the weight of myocardial infarct area/ischemic area, and the rate of cell apoptosis in the diazoxide-preconditioning group were greatly reduced （P〈0.05, 0. 01）. The damage of cell uhrastructure was obviously alleviated,Conclusion Diazoxide-preconditioning provides evident cardioprotective effect on the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury of rats.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the efficacy and safety of local endometrial mechanical stimulation in patients with recurrent embryo implantation failure in vitro fertilization.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data and VIP databases were electronically searched to collect clinical controlled studies on the efficacy and safety of local endometrial mechanical stimulation in patients with recurrent embryo implantation failure from inception to March 2018. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 10 studies, including 8 randomized controlled trials and 2 case-control studies, and involving 1 274 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the clinical pregnancy rate of endometrial mechanical stimulation group was higher than that of control group (RR=1.40, 95%CI 1.04 to 1.89, P=0.03). However, no significant differences were found in implantation rate (RR=0.75, 95%CI 0.50 to 1.13, P=0.17), live births rate (RR=1.38, 95%CI 0.99 to 1.93, P=0.06), miscarriage rate (RR=0.83, 95%CI 0.55 to 1.24, P=0.36) and rate of multiple pregnancy (RR=0.90, 95%CI 0.61 to 1.35, P=0.63).ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that, for patients with repeated implantation failure, mechanical endometrial stimulation before re-transplantation may help to improve the clinical pregnancy rate of test-tube infants, however, it has no significant effects on implantation rate, live birth rate, abortion rate, multiple pregnancy rate and ectopic pregnancy rate. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed required to verify above conclusions.
Objective To use bibliometrics to identify research hotspots and emerging trends in the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare-associated infections (HAI), as well as to offer a resource for more relevant research. Methods The literature on AI and HAI from the Science Citation Index Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection was retrieved through computer searches, covering the period from January 1, 1994, to January 22, 2024. VOSviewer (v1.6.19) and CiteSpace (v6.1. R6) software were utilized for bibliometric analysis, creating knowledge maps that include research cooperation networks and keyword analysis. Results A total of 305 documents were included, and both the number of early publications and the frequency of citations were at a very low level for a long time before showing an annual increase trend after 2018. The United States had the most published documents among the 50 countries/regions from where they were sourced. Harvard University was the scientific research institution with the most publications, while Professor Evans HL of the Medical University of South Carolina was the scholar with the most publications. Research on AI in the field of HAI primarily focused on three aspects: AI algorithms and technologies, monitoring and prediction of HAI, and the accuracy of HAI diagnosis and prediction. These findings were based on keyword co-occurrence and clustering analysis. Conclusions A new phase of AI research in the subject of HAI has begun. More in-depth research can be done in the future for the hot direction, as there is still a gap between China’s academic accomplishments in this subject and the advanced level of the world.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical characteristics of idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) and its experiences of diagnosis and treatment. MethodThe clinical data of 33 patients with IGM from January 2005 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 33 years. The pathological examination showed that 28 patients (85%) were typical granuloma, and 5 patients (15%) were immature granuloma, whom were confirmed after exclusion of other pathogens. Twenty-nine patients were received drugs treatment, among which 21 patients were cured by taking prednisone orally, 6 patients were cured by the combination of prednisone and methotrexate, 2 patients failed to be cured, and 13 patients relapsed after stopping taking medicine. Four patients with abscess ulceration were received surgical treatment, and 2 patients relapsed after the surgery. Fifteen recurrent patients all were took prednisone and methotrexate orally, among which 1 patient stopped taking medicine because of liver function damage, 1 patient was not fully relieved, and other 13 patients were cured again. ConclusionsThe clinical manifestations of IGM have no specificities. The diagnosis mainly relies on pathological examination. In the early phase of this disease, the treatment method of steroid or combined immunosuppressant has good effects. In case of ulceration and protracted course, surgical treatment should be considered as early as possible.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease in which pancreatic β cells are destroyed, resulting in an absolute lack of insulin. Intestinal microbiota and its metabolites can promote the progression of T1DM by destroying pancreatic β cells, increasing insulin resistance, increasing intestinal permeability, interfering with immune response. Therefore, fecal microbiota transplantation is expected to become a new method for preventing and treating T1DM in the future. This article mainly explores possible pathways for the application of fecal microbiota transplantation in T1DM, including protection of pancreatic β cells, improving insulin resistance, reducing intestinal permeability, and regulating immune responses.
Objective To analyze published literature about the clinical studies on elective single versus double embryo transfer using meta-analysis, so as to provide more convincing evidence for the clinical application of elective single embryo transfer. Methods We electronically searched foreign and domestic biomedical databases including PubMed, Ovid, EMbase, MEDLINE and CENTRAL, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on elective single versus double embryo transfer. According to Cochrane systematic review method, two reviewers independently screened studies according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and assessed methodological quality of the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 9 RCTs involving 2 784 cases were included, of which, 1 452 were in the trial group while the other 1 332 were in the control group. The results of meta-analysis indicated that, compared with elective double embryo transfer, during each transfer period elective single embryo transfer reduced the live birth rate (RR=0.66, 95%CI 0.59 to 0.73, Plt;0.000 01), multiple pregnancy rate (RR=0.05 95%CI 0.02 to 0.11, Plt;0.000 01), preterm birth rate (RR=0.39, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.60, Plt;0.000 1), and low birth weight rate (RR=0.25, 95%CI 0.15 to 0.44, Plt;0.000 01). However, it had no effect on the ectopic pregnancy rate (RR=0.55, 95%CI 0.11 to 2.77, P=0.47), miscarriage rate (RR=1.33, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.91, P=0.13), and neonatal mortality rate (RR=0.31, 95%CI 0.03 to 2.76, P=0.29). Conclusion Compared with elective double embryo transfer, during each transfer period elective single embryo transfer reduces the live birth rate, multiple pregnancy rate, preterm birth rate, and low birth weight rate. No significant difference was found between the two groups in the other indicators.