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find Keyword "跌倒" 21 results
  • Tai Chi for preventing falls in the elderly: an overviews of systematic reviews

    ObjectiveTo assess the methodological quality of systematic reviews of Tai Chi for preventing falls in the elderly and the quality of evidence for outcome indicators.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, WanFang Data, CBM and VIP databases were electronically retrieved. According to the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria, the final articles were selected and the relevant literature information was extracted by reading the abstract and the full text. The methodological quality of the included systematic reviews was evaluated using AMSTAR 2 tool, and the quality of the outcome indicators of the included systematic reviews was further graded according to the GRADE system.ResultsA total of 11 systematic reviews/meta-analyses were included. The AMSTAR 2 evaluation showed that 10 studies were in critically-low methodological quality, and 1 study was in low methodological quality. The GRADE evaluation results showed that among the 36 outcome indicators included, there were 10 intermediate quality indicators, 20 low-level quality indicators and 6 extremely low-level quality indicators. Among the indicators of intermediate quality, single-leg stand test (MD = 5.33, 95%CI 3.35 to 7.32, P< 0.01; WMD = 1.76, 95%CI −7.00 to 10.52, P< 0.01), time up and go test (MD = 1.04, 95%CI 0.67 to 1.41, P< 0.01), the berg balance scale (MD = 2.18, 95%CI 0.93 to 3.43, P< 0.01), number of falls (RR = 0.82, 95%CI 0.73 to 0.92), P< 0.01), the incidence of 2-falls (OR = 0.69, 95%CI 0.49 to 0.97, P< 0.01) and the incidence of 3-falls (OR = 0.39, 95%CI 0.21 to 0.73, P< 0.01). The results of the above indicators were statistically significant, indicating that Tai Chi was better than control group.ConclusionsAt present, the methodological quality of relevant systematic reviews of Tai Chi for preventing falls in the elderly was relatively low and the quality of the evidence was not good, so it can’t be proved that Tai Chi can effectively prevent falls in the elderly, which needs to be further studied at a high level.

    Release date:2020-03-13 01:50 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Research status and prospect of exercise-based fall prevention in the elderly

    Under the new era background of actively advocating the " active health” in the elderly, the prevention methods of falls not only include environmental modification, reasonable drugs, emotional support, disease prevention and control, etc., but exercise should also be integrated into them. Exercise training can significantly improve muscle strength, balance, and mobility in the elderly, thereby reducing the risk of falls. This paper reviews the biomechanical causes of falls in the elderly, the sports training prescriptions for fall prevention in the elderly, and the research prospects of sports training for fall prevention in the elderly. It is hoped that the elderly population could establish an active healthy lifestyle based on sports training, elevate the physical fitness continuously, reduce the fall injury, and improve the quality of life through strength, balance, and endurance training.

    Release date:2019-06-25 09:50 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Qualitative study on falling experience and coping style of stroke home patients: a Meta synthesis

    Objective To integrate the falling experience and coping styles of stroke home patients with falls through Meta synthesis, summarize existing problems based on the integration results, and propose suggestions. Methods We searched databases including PubMed, Medline, Embase, Web of Science, etc., from database establishment to January 2023, to collect qualitative studies on stroke patients’ falling experience at home. The quality of included studies was evaluated by “JBI Australian Evidence-based Health Care Centre (2008) Qualitative Research Quality Assessment Criteria”. The results were integrated by integrating methods. Results A total of 6 references were included, and 18 clear research results were extracted. Similar results were summarized and combined to form 6 new categories, and integrated into 3 main themes. The integration results showed that stroke patients with falls had severe psychological problems, poor coping styles, and unmet needs for fall prevention, resulting in reduced social participation and exercise. Conclusions It is necessary to improve the content of fall assessment and provide corresponding fall prevention health education based on the assessment results. It helps stroke patients and caregivers at home to establish correct coping strategies, thereby avoiding the occurrence of falls.

    Release date:2023-05-23 03:05 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • Assessment of Risk Factors and Early Intervention of Tumble in Patients with Mental Disorders

    ObjectiveTo compare the application of self-made tumble risk factors assessment scale before and after its revision in patients with mental disorder, in order to guide the clinical work. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 2 209 patients with mental disorders who were discharged from the hospital between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2013. All the patients in our hospital underwent the assessment by "table of tumble risk factors for hospitalized patients and nursing measures" within one hour of admission. A total score of 4 or higher meant high tumble risk, and the standardized intervention measures were taken immediately. In 2013, the assessment scale was revised, and binocular vision disorder, low compliance or communication disorders, restlessness were added as risk factors for tumble. The difference among patients with a tumble score of 4 or higher between the year of 2012 and 2013 was compared and analyzed. ResultsIn 2012, 52 patients had a tumble score of 4 or higher, among whom there were 16 males and 36 females; 35 were younger than 65 years old and 17 were older than 65 years. There were 25 patients with organic mental disorders, 10 with spirit obstacle caused by active substance, 12 with schizophrenia, and 5 other cases. In 2013, 154 patients' tumble score was 4 or higher, among whom there were 58 males and 96 females; 142 were younger than 65 years old and 12 were older than 65. Organic mental disorders occurred in 22 patients, 8 had spirit obstacle caused by active substance, 120 had schizophrenia, and there were 4 other cases. In 2013, the number of patients with a tumble score of 4 or higher were significantly more than that in 2012 and young patients with schizophrenia were also significantly more than in 2012 (P<0.05). There were two cases of tumble adverse events, while no adverse events occurred in tumble in 2013. ConclusionCognitive impairment, low compliance, communication barriers and restlessness are high risk factors for tumble in patients with mental disorders. Correct evaluation and early intervention can effectively prevent the occurrence of tumble.

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  • 帕金森病与跌倒的研究进展

    帕金森病是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,以静止性震颤、肌强直、运动迟缓及姿势步态异常为主要表现。跌倒作为晚期帕金森病患者常见且具有重要致残性的症状,严重影响了患者的生活质量,近年来越来越受到人们的关注。基于跌倒对帕金森病患者的严重影响,该文将最近几年对帕金森病伴跌倒的流行病学、危险因素、发生机制、评估、预防及治疗方面的研究进行了综述,以加深临床医生对帕金森病伴跌倒的重视,亦对临床工作作出指导。

    Release date:2017-04-19 10:17 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 空巢老年人跌倒风险及相关因素分析

    目的 了解空巢老年人的跌倒状况,制定有效的防范措施,提高空巢老年人生活的安全性。 方法 2015 年 3 月—6 月应用自行设计的问卷对成都市周边 10 个居委会内居住的年龄≥60 岁空巢老年人进行跌倒状况调查,并进行跌倒相关因素分析。 结果 调查发放调查问卷共 250 份,回收有效问卷 240 份,有效回收率为 96.0%。240 例空巢老年人以年龄≥80 岁、男性、健康状况较好、有配偶、无抑郁情绪、居住城市、行走能力良好为主。240 例空巢老年人中,近 3 个月有跌倒情况 87 例,发生率为 36.2%。而跌倒后造成软组织损伤、关节脱位 10 例(4.2%),骨折 2 例(0.8%)。240 例老年人跌倒风险评估量表得分为(4.50±1.99)分。跌倒单因素分析表明,空巢老年人的年龄、居住环境、健康状况、抑郁情绪、行走能力与其跌倒有关 (P<0.05)。logistic 回归分析表明,年龄、行走能力、居住环境、健康状况是影响空巢老年人跌倒的主要因素(P<0.05)。 结论 空巢老年人的跌倒发生率较高,其安全应引起社会的高度重视,应根据空巢老年人跌倒的影响因素早期采取干预措施,改善其安全状况。

    Release date:2017-02-22 03:47 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 预防帕金森病患者跌倒的康复训练护理

    目的探讨针对性康复训练护理对帕金森病患者生活质量的影响。 方法将2011年2月-2013年6月入住且按纳入排除标准筛选出的230例帕金森病患者,随机分为对照组和试验组各115例。两组均给予预防跌倒安全宣教,此外试验组采用平衡负重训练、力量训练、指示性指令改善患者步态冻结。 结果住院期间试验组发生跌倒1例,对照组发生跌倒4例,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.818,P=0.366);出院后6个月,试验组与对照组分别发生跌倒2例和11例,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.604,P=0.010)。 结论采用针对性康复训练护理,能有效改善帕金森病患者平衡功能及肌肉力量,从而减少跌倒发生。

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  • Trends and age-period-cohort model analysis of incidence and mortality of falls among elderly in China from 1990 to 2019

    ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence and mortality trends of falls among elderly in China from 1990 to 2019, and to evaluate the impact of age, period, and cohort on their long-term trends. MethodsThe joinpoint regression model and age-period-cohort model were used to analysis. The annual percent change (APC) and the average annual percent change (AAPC) were used to analyze the incidence and mortality of falls among elderly in China from 1990 to 2019. The influence of age, period and cohort on the incidence and mortality of falls were analyzed. ResultsThe standardized incidence and mortality rates of falls among the elderly in China showed fluctuating upward trends from 1990 to 2019 (AAPC=1.929%, 1.535%, P<0.001), The increase rate of falls incidence was higher in men than that in women (AAPC=1.928%, 1.923%, P<0.001), and the increase rate of falls mortality was lower in men than that in women (AAPC=1.407%, 1.562%, P<0.001). The results of the age-period-cohort model showed that the age effect and period effect coefficients of incidence and mortality of falls in Chinese elderly men and women showed an overall fluctuating upward trend, while the cohort effect coefficients showed an overall downward trend. ConclusionFrom 1990 to 2019, the age standardized incidence and mortality rate of falls among the elderly in China show fluctuating upward trends. The incidence of falls in elderly women is higher than that in men, and the mortality rate of falls in elderly men is higher than that in women. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention work for falls in the oldest old, the incidence of falls in elderly women, and the mortality of falls in elderly men.

    Release date:2024-07-09 05:43 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • 肿瘤住院患者跌倒预防措施的依从性调查及分析

    目的 调查肿瘤住院患者对各预防跌倒措施的依从性。 方法 采用自行设计的《肿瘤患者跌倒预防措施的依从性调查表》,对2012年5月在肿瘤胸部病房进行治疗的139例患者进行问卷调查。 结果 本组患者对预防跌倒措施的依从性较低,夜间如厕有家属陪同的仅46例(33.09%)、床上或床边解便的50例(35.97%)、服用特殊药物遵循注意事项的57例(41.01%)、起床活动按三部曲要求执行的44例(31.65%)、卧床休息使用床档保护的62例(44.60%)。 结论 医护人员应重视肿瘤患者跌倒问题,做好防范跌倒的知识及行为健康教育,并采取有效的干预措施,降低跌倒发生率,为患者提供更优质、更安全的护理服务。

    Release date:2016-09-07 02:37 Export PDF Favorites Scan
  • The influence of Tai Chi on the fall and balance function of middle-aged and the elderly: a meta-analysis

    ObjectivesTo systematically evaluate the impact of Tai Chi on the fall and balance function of middle-aged and the elderly.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the influence of Tai Chi on the balance function and fall of middle-aged and the elderly from inception to August, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 20 RCTs involving 3 842 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that the Tai Chi group was superior to the control group in the improvement of the fall rate (RR=0.82, 95%CI 0.75 to 0.90, P<0.000 01), single-leg standing test (MD=5.76, 95%CI 0.62 to 10.90, P=0.03), Berg balance scale (MD=1.04, 95%CI 0.23 to 1.85, P=0.01), timed up and go (MD=−0.71, 95%CI −0.88 to −0.54, P<0.000 01), chair stand test (MD=0.87, 95%CI 0.05 to 1.70, P=0.04) and other indicators, and the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that Tai Chi can improve the balance function of middle-aged and the elderly, reduce the fall rate, and have a certain preventive effect on falls. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify the above conclusion.

    Release date:2020-04-18 07:22 Export PDF Favorites Scan
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