目的 观察阿德福韦酯联合胸腺五肽治疗乙型肝炎病毒e抗原（HBeAg）阳性慢性乙型肝炎2年的疗效。 方法 2007年1月－2009年1月间178例慢性乙型肝炎患者随机分为试验组91例和对照组87例。试验组给予胸腺五肽1 mg，隔日皮下注射，疗程52周；同时阿德福韦酯10 mg/d口服104周。对照组给予阿德福韦酯10 mg/d，口服104周。治疗26、52、104周及停药52周时，分别检测血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）DNA含量及HBV血清标志物。 结果 治疗52周后，试验组在ALT复常率、AST复常率、HBV DNA转阴率、HBeAg转阴率与HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率方面都比对照组高。停药52周时，试验组与对照组的ALT复常率、AST复常率、HBV DNA转阴率、HBeAg转阴率、HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率分别为74.73%与51.72%、75.82%与54.02%、25.27%与8.05%、26.37%与10.34%、18.68%与8.05%（χ2=10.652、9.313、9.421、7.574、4.313，P＜0.05）。 结论 阿德福韦酯联合胸腺五肽治疗HBeAg阳性慢性乙型肝炎比单独使用阿德福韦酯抗病毒治疗效果更好，有助于提高HBeAg/HBeAb血清转换率，减少停药后病毒学突破，并且使用安全。Objective To evaluate the efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) combined with thymopentin on chronic hepatitis B patients with positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). Methods Between January 2007 and January 2009, 178 chronic hepatitis B patients with positive HBeAg were randomly divided into two groups: the treatment group (91 cases) and the control group (87 cases). All patients in two groups received 10 mg of ADV once a day for 104 weeks, while the patients in the treatment group received 1 mg of thymopentin for subcutaneous injection every other day for 52 weeks. The rates of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) normalization, serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA clearance and HBeAg loss and anti- HBeAg seroconversion were evaluated at pretreatment, and 52, 104 and 156 weeks after treatment, respectively. Results After 52-week treatment, The rates of ALT and AST normalization, serum HBV DNA clearance and HBeAg loss and anti- HBeAg seroconversion in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group. In 52-week follow-up after 104 weeks treatment, the rates of ALT and AST normalization , serum HBV DNA clearance and HBeAg loss and anti- HBeAg seroconversion of two groups were 74.73% versus 51.72%, 75.82% versus 54.02%, 25.27% versus 8.05%, 26.37% versus 10.34%, 18.68% versus 8.05%, respectively (χ2 = 10.652, 9.313, 9.421, 7.574, 4.313; P＜0.05). Conclusions It is more effective for adefovir dipivoxil combined with thymopentin on HBeAg-positive patients with chronic hepatitis B than using adefovir alone. Combination treatment could improve the rates of HBeAg seroconversion and reduce the breakthrough of HBV after drug withdrawal. And it is safe.
Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of thrombolysis with anticoagulation therapy for patients with acute sub-massive pulmonary thromboembolism. Methods The clinical data of 84 patients with acute sub-massive pulmonary thromboembolism were analyzed retrospectively, mainly focusing on the in-hospital efficacy and safety of thrombolysis and/ or anticoagulation. The efficacy was evaluated based on 6 grades: cured, markedly improved, improved, not changed, deteriorated and died. Results Among the 84 patients,49 patients received thrombolysis and sequential anticoagulation therapy( thrombolysis group) , 35 patients received anticoagulation therapy alone( anticoagulation group) . As compared with the anticoagulation group, the thrombolysis group had higher effective rate( defined as patients who were cured, markedly improved or improved, 81. 6% versus 54. 3%, P = 0. 007) , lower critical event occurrence ( defined as clinical condition deteriorated or died, 2. 0% versus 14. 3% , P = 0. 032) . There was no significant difference in bleeding rates between the two groups ( thrombolysis group 20. 4% versus anticoagulation group 14. 3% , P gt; 0. 05) . No major bleeding or intracranial hemorrhage occurred in any of the patients. Conclusions Thrombolysis therapy may be more effective than anticoagulation therapy alone in patients with acute sub-massive pulmonary thromboembolism, and thus warrants further prospective randomized control study in large population.
Objective To investigate the surgical technique and short-term effectiveness of anterior cruciate l igament (ACL) reconstruction with LARS artificial l igament. Methods Between November 2008 and April 2010, eighty patients withACL injury were treated with LARS artificial l igament under arthroscope and successfully followed up. There were 51 males and 29 females, aged from 17 to 43 years with an average of 29.2 years. The injuries were caused by sport in 63 cases, traffic accident in 14 cases, and bruise in 3 cases. There were 43 left knees and 37 right knees. The disease duration ranged from 10 days to 11 months. The anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shift test for all cases were rated as positive. The preoperative Lysholm score was 55.4 ± 5.7, Irgang score was 48.3 ± 6.2, and Larson score was 54.8 ± 7.4; and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) score was lower than normal level in all cases. Obl ique coronal MRI showed ACL injury in all cases. Residual ACL and synovium were preserved during surgery. Results All incisions healed by first intention without compl ication of infection or deep venous thrombosis. All patients were followed up 7 to 24 months with an average of 16.8 months. There were 3 cases of screws exposure toward femoral cortical bone, 2 cases of loosening tibial screw, and 1 case of knee extension l imitation, and they were cured after symptomatic treatment. No LARS artificial l igament rupture and joint fibrosis occurred during followup. At last follow-up, the results of anterior drawer test, Lachman test, and pivot shift test were positive in 2, 3, and 3 patients,respectively. There were significant differences in Lysholm, Irgang, and Larson scores of affected knees between preoperation and 6 weeks postoperatively, last follow-up, respectively (P lt; 0.05). The normal rate of IKDC score were 43.75% (35/80) and 97.50% (78/80) at 6 weeks postoperatively and last follow-up, respectively. Conclusion The viscoelastic properties of LARS artificial l igament is different from that of biological materials. The graft should be fixed at a relatively extension position to avoid knee extension l imitation and sl ight loosening of graft tension is permitted at flexion position. Good cl inical result could be achieved if the technique is well appl ied.
Objective To explore the surgical method and cl inical short-term outcomes of internal fixation combined closed reduction with arthroscope aid in treating patellar fracture. Methods From June 2004 to July 2008, 42 patients with fresh simple patellar fracture underwent internal fixation combined closed reduction with arthroscope aid, included28 males and 14 females, aged 16-59 years (35 years on average). The locations were 19 left knees and 23 right knees. Injury was by traffic accident in 21 cases, by fall ing in 11 cases, by sports in 7 cases and by crush in 3 cases. All the patients had fresh closed fracture, including 38 cases of transverse fracture and 4 cases of stellate fracture. The Lysholm score was 68.60 ± 15.20; the proprioceptive function of the knee joints was (3.72 ± 0.12)°. The time from injury to operation was 3-42 hours (12 hours on average). After the treatment of affil iated injury under the arthroscope, patellar fracture was reduced with manipulation method, fracture was fixed with tensile force screw or modified tension band. Results All incisions obtained heal ing by first intention after operation, 42 patients were followed up for 12-39 months (16 months on average). The X-ray films showed callus at the fracture and the smooth cartilage surface 6-9 weeks (7 weeks on average) after operation. The flexed motion range of knee joint at last follow-up was at normal range in 38 cases, was l imited in 4 cases. Circumference of suffered l imbs 15 cm above the patella was the same as normal ones in 23 cases, atrophied 0.7 cm in 19 cases. There were no breakage of internal fixation and shift of fracture and patellofemoral arthritis at last follow-up. The proprioceptive function of the knee joints was (2.06 ± 0.11)° and the Lysholm score was 95.10 ± 3.92; all showing statistically significant differences when compared with preoperation (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion This treatment method has advantages as follows: mini-wound, early exercises and few compl ications, which can rinse articular cavity and repair the affil iated injury at the same time.
Objective To identify the postoperative function and short-term outcome of Global Modular Replacement System (GMRS) for reconstruction of defect after removal of tumor so as to supply information for cl inical appl ication. Methods Between March 2007 and May 2009, 30 l imb-salvage cases reconstructed with GMRS were retrospectively reviewed, including 18 males and 12 females with a median age of 25 years (range, 11-57 years). The preoperative diagnoses were osteosarcoma in 15 cases, mal ignant fibro-histiocytoma in 4, giant cell tumor in 3, chondrosarcoma in 2, and Ewing’s sarcoma and angiosarcoma in 1 respectively. The duration of symptom ranged from 1 to 15 months with an average of 5.6 months. There were 4 revision cases at mean time of 3.4 years after index surgeries. The locations were the proximal femur in 3 cases, distal femur in 22 cases, and proximal tibia in 5 cases. According to Enneking stage, 2 cases were rated as stage IB, 1 as stage IIA, and 27 as stage IIB. Four cases were compl icated by pathologic fracture. Results The average operation time was 165 minutes (range, 120-240 minutes); the mean blood loss was 448.3 mL (range, 100-1 500 mL); and the mean resection length was 14.1 cm (range, 7.5-22.5 cm). All the wounds healed by first intention. All 30 patients were followed up 10-35 months (22.3 months on average). Local recurrence occurred in 2 cases (6.7%) at 5 and 14 months respectively and distal metastasis occurred in 5 cases (16.7%) at 4-12 months (7.3 months on average) postoperatively. One patient died of multiple lung metastases at 10 months postoperatively. Twenty-nine patients survived at last follow-up, including 25 cases of tumor-free survival and 4 cases of tumor bearing survival. Aseptic loosening occurred in 2 cases (6.7%) at 1.5 years and 2 years postoperatively respectively. Deep infection occurred in 1 case (3.3%) at 1 year postoperatively. At last follow-up, the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) 93 scores were 4.6% ± 0.7% for pain, 3.7% ± 0.9% for function, 3.2% ± 1.3% for satisfactory degree, 4.3% ± 0.9% for orthesis, 3.7% ± 0.7% for walking, 3.3% ± 1.0% for gait; total score was 75.9% ± 14.2%. The Toronto Extremity Salvage Score (TESS) score was 87.0 ± 7.0. Conclusion Reconstruction for defect after removal of tumor with GMRS has satisfactory short-term outcome with good function recovery and low compl ication rate.
Objective To assess the short-term effect of the mini-invasive surgical method by Achillon in repair of acute achilles tendon rupture. Methods Between December 2009 and February 2010, 11 patients (11 feet) with acute achilles tendon ruptures were treated, including 8 males (8 feet) and 3 females (3 feet) with an average age of 35.4 years (range, 23-58 years). There were 9 cases of jump injury, 1 case of glass cut injury, and 1 case of fall injury. The results of Thompson testwere positive in 11 cases (11 feet). According to the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfootscoring system, the score was 53.19 ± 6.31. MRI indicated that the gap of the acute achilles tendon rupture was 1-5 cm (3.8 cm on average). The interval between injury and operation was 2-7 days (3.6 days on average). An approximately longitudinal 3- 4 cm incision was performed and the ruptured achilles tendon was repaired by use of Achillon. Early rehabil itation was carried out. Results The operation time was 27-58 minutes (38 minutes on average). The hospital ization time were 2-3 days (2.5 days on average). Superficial wound infections occurred in 2 cases, and wound healed after dressing change; orther incision healed by first intention. All the patients were followed up 5-8 months with an average of 6.7 months. No wound problems, sural nerve injuries, or re-ruptures occurred in the other cases. After a 3-month follow-up, all patients were able to return to normal walking. The AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was 94.32 ± 4.23, showing significant difference when compared with that before operation (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The technique with Achillon offers patients a safe procedure for repair of acute achilles tendon ruptures and early active rehabil itation can be carried out.
Objective To summarize the treatment method and to analyze short-term therapeutic effect of Pipkin fracture. Methods From January 2002 to January 2007, 14 cases of Pipkin fracture were treated. There were 10 males and 4 females with an average of 33.5 years (ranged from 28 to 52 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident. According to Pipkin’s classification, there were 4 cases of type I, 6 cases of type II, 2 cases of type III and 2 cases of type IV. The time from injury to operation was 24 hours to 8 weeks. All patients received open reduction under Kocher-Langenbeck approach, mel iorative posterior-lateral approach or combined approaches. Absorbable screws and suture l ine internal fixation wereperformed in fracture of the femoral head, titanium cannulated screws were used to fix the femoral intertrochanteric fracture in type III, and acetabular tridimensional memory fixation systems were used to fix the posterior acetabular fractur in type IV. Results All cases had one-stage wound heal ing, no compl ications of deep infection and thrombosis of deep vein of lower l imb occurred. All the patients were followed up for 12 - 48 months (mean 26 months). One case of type III fracture for Pipkin had necrosis of femoral head after 1 year of reduction and fixation, and received total hip replacement; other patients achieved bony heal ing after 6-10 months (mean 8 months). According to D’Aubigue-Postel score, the results were excellent in 5 cases, good in 6 cases, fair in 2 cases and poor in 1 case; the excellent and good rate was 78.6%. Conclusion It is important for the patients with Pipkin fracture to early diagnose, to select proper operation approach, to stably fix fracture and to manage after operation in reducing compl ication and recovering hip joint function.
Objective To investigate the operative method of trabecular metal rod implant for the treatment of the early adult avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) and its cl inical efficacy. Methods From March 2005 to January 2007, 28 patients of ANFH were treated by trabecular metal rod implant, including 18 males and 10 females aged 18-56 years old (average 30.6 years old). The ANFH was induced by trauma in 7 cases, steroid in 10 cases, alcohol in 5 cases and unknownreason in 6 cases. There were 22 cases of unilateral ANFH and 6 of bilateral ANFH, involving 18 left hips and 16 right hips. According to Association Research Circulation Osseous (ARCO) international classification of osteonecrosis launched in 1997, 16 cases (16 hips) were classified as stage I, 12 cases (15 hips) as stage I, 1 case (1 hip) as stage III and 2 cases (2 hips) as stage IV. Harris score was 50.3 ± 2.2 preoperatively. The course of disease was 12-24 months (average 16 months). Results All wounds healed by first intention, and no postoperative compl ication occurred. All the cases were followed up for 18-36 months (average 26 months). The pain and functional l imitation of patients were improved significantly. The Harris score was 85.7 ± 2.4 18 months after operation, showing a significant difference when compared with preoperative score (P lt; 0.05). Twenty-three cases were graded as excellent, 3 as good and 2 as fair, with the excellent and good rate of 92.86%. Conclusion Trabecular metal rod implant is an effective method for the treatment of early ANFH and can minimize the occurrence of compl ications, but the follow-up observation of its long-term herapeutic effect is still needed.
Objective To evaluate the early cl inical results of total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with JOURNEY prosthesis. Methods From September 2006 to May 2007, TKA with JOURNEY prosthesis was used to treat 32 patients in ATOS Cl inic, Germany. There were 21 males and 11 femals, aged 40-84 years old (average 65.6 years old). The locations were left knee in 13 cases and right knee in 19 cases, including 5 cases of traumatic arthritis, 19 cases of osteoarthritis and 8 cases of rheumatoid arthritis. All patients had pain and l imited range of motion (ROM) of knee. MRI scanning showed that cartilageand miniscus damaged in all cases. The disease course was 1 to 4 years (average 2.2 years). The CPM practice started 2 days after operation. Results The operative time was (75.0 ± 21.7) minutes. The blood loss was (280 ± 130) mL. All incision healed by first intention. Thirty-two patients were followed up 12 to 18 months (average 14.2 months). Hydrarthrosis occurred in 8 cases at 3-6 months postoperatively. Femur paraprosthesis fracture and implant dislocation occurred at 1 week and at 6 months in 2 cases, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in KSS score between preoperation and 3, 6, 12 months after operation (P lt; 0.05), between 3 months and 6, 12 months after operation (P lt; 0.05); there was no statistically significant difference in KSS score between 6 months and 12 months after operation (P gt; 0.05). There were statistically significant differences in pain score between preoperation and 3, 6, 12 months after operation (P lt; 0.05), and in ROM between 3 months and 6, 12 months after operation (P lt; 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in ROM between preoperation and 3 months after operation (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion Ii is a simple way to TKA with JOURNEY prosthesis, which has a good results in early follow-up period.