目的：研究外伤性脑梗死患者血小板P选择素动态变化的临床意义。方法：用流式细胞仪测定42例外伤性脑梗死患者，50例无脑梗死外伤患者及40例正常对照者外周血血小板P选择素。结果：急性期(1周内)外伤性脑梗死患者P选择素明显高于无梗死脑外伤患者和健康对照组(Plt;0.01)。14 d时，外伤性脑梗死患者血小板P选择素表达，与无梗死脑外伤患者和健康对照组无显著差异(Pgt;0.005)。结论：P选择素参与外伤性脑梗死的病理过程，测定它们有利于外伤性脑梗死的早期诊治，改善预后。
Heart valve disease (HVD) is one of the common cardiovascular diseases. Heart sound is an important physiological signal for diagnosing HVDs. This paper proposed a model based on combination of basic component features and envelope autocorrelation features to detect early HVDs. Initially, heart sound signals lasting 5 minutes were denoised by empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm and segmented. Then the basic component features and envelope autocorrelation features of heart sound segments were extracted to construct heart sound feature set. Then the max-relevance and min-redundancy (MRMR) algorithm was utilized to select the optimal mixed feature subset. Finally, decision tree, support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor (KNN) classifiers were trained to detect the early HVDs from the normal heart sounds and obtained the best accuracy of 99.9% in clinical database. Normal valve, abnormal semilunar valve and abnormal atrioventricular valve heart sounds were classified and the best accuracy was 99.8%. Moreover, normal valve, single-valve abnormal and multi-valve abnormal heart sounds were classified and the best accuracy was 98.2%. In public database, this method also obtained the good overall accuracy. The result demonstrated this proposed method had important value for the clinical diagnosis of early HVDs.
Objective To investigate the joint effects of selective digestive decontamination (SDD) and glutamine (Gln) on preventing intestinal bacterial translocation of orthotopic piggyback liver transplantation and to observe the incidence of postoperative pneumonia in rabbit. Methods Thirty rabbits received orthotopic piggyback liver transplantation and were randomly divided into three groups (SDD group, SDD+Gln group and control group). Mixed emulsion of tobramycin, polymyxin E and nystatin were given to the rabbits in SDD group. Same dosage of the above components plus Gln were given to the rabbits in SDD+Gln group. Samples of portal vein blood, ileum tissue and lung tissue were obtained in each group at different phases during and after operation, the pathological changes of ileum tissue, the bacterial translocation in blood of portal vein and the incidence of postoperative pneumonia were detected. Results The mixing section area of intestinal blood capillaries in SDD+Gln group was smaller compared with control group (P＜0.05， P＜0.01) and SDD group (P＜0.05) while the portal vein was obstructed for 15, 30 and 45 min, and after the operation, respectively. The length of ileum villus in SDD+Gln group was longer than that in control group (P＜0.05) and in SDD group (P＜0.05) before the portal vein was obstructed, but the length of ileum villus in control group gradually became longer and eventually exceeded that in SDD+Gln group at the time of 45 min after the portal vein was obstructed (P＜0.05). After the operation, the length of ileum villus in SDD+Gln group was significantly longer than that in SDD group (P＜0.05) and control group (P＜0.01). At the time of 45 min after the obstruction of portal vein and 30 hours after operation, the positive rate of cultured bacterial in the blood of portal vein in SDD+Gln group was significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05, P＜0.01). The incidence of postoperative pneumonia in SDD+Gln group and SDD group were significantly lower than that in control group (P＜0.05,P＜0.01). Conclusion Gln could nourish intestinal epithelium of mucous membrane.When combined with SDD, it could decreased the incidence of intestinal bacterial translocation occurred during the obstruction of portal vein and after operation, so as to decrease the incidence of postoperative pneumonia.
Due to the high complexity and subject variability of motor imagery electroencephalogram, its decoding is limited by the inadequate accuracy of traditional recognition models. To resolve this problem, a recognition model for motor imagery electroencephalogram based on flicker noise spectrum (FNS) and weighted filter bank common spatial pattern (wFBCSP) was proposed. First, the FNS method was used to analyze the motor imagery electroencephalogram. Using the second derivative moment as structure function, the ensued precursor time series were generated by using a sliding window strategy, so that hidden dynamic information of transition phase could be captured. Then, based on the characteristic of signal frequency band, the feature of the transition phase precursor time series and reaction phase series were extracted by wFBCSP, generating features representing relevant transition and reaction phase. To make the selected features adapt to subject variability and realize better generalization, algorithm of minimum redundancy maximum relevance was further used to select features. Finally, support vector machine as the classifier was used for the classification. In the motor imagery electroencephalogram recognition, the method proposed in this study yielded an average accuracy of 86.34%, which is higher than the comparison methods. Thus, our proposed method provides a new idea for decoding motor imagery electroencephalogram.
Objective To explore the effect of laparoscopic highly selective vagotomy (Hill) on the treatment for acute perforating duodenal ulcer. Methods In 19 patients with acute perforating duodenal ulcers, laparoscopic repair of the perforation, laparoscopic freeing of the vagus, cutting off of posterior vagal trunk, and highly selective resection of anterior vagal trunk were performed. Results In all 19 cases the operation was successful. No patient was converted into open highly selective vagotomy. Ulcer symptoms of 17 patients disappeared after operation, and gastroscopy in follow up after 6 months showed that the ulcers had healed. The postoperative ulcer symptoms of 2 patients were markedly relieved and were easily controlled by medication. Conclusion The treatment of acute perforating duodenal ulcer by laparoscopic highly selective vagotomy (Hill) has the advantages of minor trauma, rapid postoperative recovery, and good results, it is a good procedure for the treatment of perforating duodenal ulcer.
Objective To investigate the clinical choice on graft size and the type of donor’s hepatectomy in adult living related partial liver transplantation. Methods The literatures in recent years on the donor’s evaluation, the size of liver grafts, the types of donor hepatectomy and safety of donor in adult living related partial liver transplantation were reviewed.Results The size of liver graft is a crucial factor related to the safety of donor and the prognosis of the recipient. GW/ESLW≥30%, GW/BW≥0.8% may be the lowest limits. Left lobe contained middle hepatic vein, extended left lobe with leftside caudle lobe, right lobe or extended right lobe contained middle hepatic vein may be the practical choice.Conclusion It is important to make a reasonable choice of liver graft according to the estimation of GW/ESLW or GW/BW, and the anatomy of liver in adult living related partial liver transplantation.
Aiming at feature selection problem of motor imagery task in brain computer interface (BCI), an algorithm based on mutual information and principal component analysis (PCA) for electroencephalogram (EEG) feature selection is presented. This algorithm introduces the category information, and uses the sum of mutual information matrices between features under different motor imagery category to replace the covariance matrix. The eigenvectors of the sum matrix represent the direction of the principal components and the eigenvalues of the sum matrix are used to determine the dimensionality of principal components. 2005 International BCI competition data set was used in our experiments, and four feature extraction methods were adopted, i. e. power spectrum estimation, continuous wavelet transform, wavelet packet decomposition and Hjorth parameters. The proposed feature selection algorithm was adopted to select and combine the most useful features for classification. The results showed that relative to the PCA algorithm, our algorithm had better performance in dimensionality reduction and in classification accuracy with the assistance of support vector machine classifier under the same dimensionality of principal components.
【摘要】 目的 探讨癫痫患者注意功能受损的特点。 方法 2008年12月-2009年12月选取69例癫痫患者作为病例组，35例正常人作为对照组，分别用持续操作任务实验（continuous performance test，CPT）、斯特鲁普实验（Stroop）和双任务实验测查持续注意、选择注意和分散注意功能。 结果 与对照组相比，病例组CPT反应时延长，漏报率增加（Plt;0.05）；Stroop实验冲突条件下反应时延长，冲突、一致和中性条件下错误率增加，冲突和中性条件下的反应时干扰量和错误率干扰量增加（Plt;0.05）；双任务比单任务划销方格数目减少，字符串正确率减少，双任务减退程度增加（Plt;0.05）。 结论 癫痫患者的持续注意、选择注意和分散注意功能均受损。【Abstract】 Objective To observe the damages of attentive function in the patients with epilepsy. Methods From December 2008 to December 2009, 69 patients with epilepsy and 35 healthy people were selected as the patients group and control group. All the selected ones underwent continuous performance test (CPT), Stroop test and dual task, respetviely, to assess their sustained attention, selected attention and divided attention. Results In CPT, the reaction time prolonged and the omission rate increased significantly in the patient group compared with those in the control group (Plt;0.05). In Stroop test, the reaction time in the patients group prolonged under incongruous condition, and error rate increased under incongruous, congruous and neutral conditions. The reaction time interfered effects and error interfered effects increased under incongruous and neutral conditions (Plt;0.05); the boxes crossed and right rate of digit strings decreased and decrement increased during dual task than single task in the patient group (Plt;0.05). Conclusion The sustained attention, selected attention and divided attention of patients with epilepsy are impaired.