目的:观察波及黄斑区的孔源性视网膜离术后各时期黄斑区相干光断层扫描图像特征及孔源性视网膜脱离患者眼轴长度与手术后视网膜下液吸收的关系,分析其与视力恢复过程的相关性。方法:对 53例(53眼)波及黄斑区的孔源性视网膜脱离经巩膜外加压术后视网膜复位的患者分别于术后1周、1月、3月、6月进行相干光断层扫描检查,观察黄斑区形态变化及黄斑区视网膜下液残留情况,并将检查结果与患者病程、眼轴长度以及手术后视力恢复情况等临床资料进行了对比分析。 结果:术后1周,所有病例均残留程度不等的视网膜下液,随着时间的延长,积液不断吸收。与之相对应,患者视力逐渐提高。术后3月,黄斑区视网膜下积液全部吸收累计33例, 其中眼轴长度大于26 mm患者视网膜下液吸收速度较慢,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。术后6月,43例患者黄斑区视网膜下积液全部吸收,仍有 7例神经上皮浅脱离,3例局限性神经上皮脱离。术后6月时患者最佳矫正视力lt;0.05者7眼,005~03者17眼,≥0.3者29眼。结论:光学相断层扫描能从微观角度清晰地显示视网膜复位后黄斑区形态结构的变化。巩膜外加压术后视网膜复位的患者黄斑区仍残留少量的视网膜下积液,视网膜下积液的逐步吸收能较好地解释术后视力的恢复过程。眼轴长度大于26mm患者视网膜下液吸收速度较慢。
Objective To collect evidence of treatment for the patients with ocular myasthenia gravis. Methods We searched The Cochrane Library (Issue 1, 2010), PubMed (1966 to April, 2010), CNKI (1979 to April, 2010) and VIP (1989 to April 2010) to identify systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials and prospective avaicohort studies about efficacy and safety of treatment for ocular myasthenia gravis. Results We identified 2 guidelines, 5 systematic reviews and 4 observational studies on inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, immunosuppressive agents, intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and thymectomy for ocular myasthenia gravis. The first choice for ocular myasthenia gravis was inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. When the symptom could not be remitted, the corticosteroids should be considered. Immunosuppressive agents might be added if the effect of corticosteroids was not good. Plasma exchange was not recommended. Thymectomy should be performed if the patients suffered from thymoma. Conclusion The best clinical evidence can be available by the evidence-based method.