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浅析医院护理管理工作的难点与对策

目的 探讨医院护理管理工作存在的难点及对策。 方法 在针对护理工作存在的服务品质不高，护理人员专业知识和专业技能欠缺，以及人力资源调配与需求矛盾的基础上，提出相应的对策和措施。首先从完善制度建设，加强护理管理质量着手，制定合理高效的护理流程，强化风险意识，明确管理职责。同时加大护理人员培训力度，从服务意识、专业知识、业务能力、护理技巧等多方位进行培训。 结果 有效地提高了护理质量与水平，收到事半功倍的效果。 结论 切实可行的对策与措施，是提高护理工作质量与水平的重要保证。

护理美学应用于急诊中的难点及对策

随着医学模式和护理模式的转变,护理美学的重要临床价值逐渐地被发现和印证。虽然护理美学从南丁格尔时代即已萌芽,但真正在国内受到重视,是在整体护理模式兴起之后。国内的医疗现状和文化背景使其在发展过程中既有特色,也面临着特有的困难,尤其是在诊疗大环境特殊的急诊科,作者结合临床实践,尝试在本文中分析这些难点并提出相应的对策。

原发性肝癌面临的难点与对策

The Operative Puzzle and Strategy for Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma

心房粘液瘤36例临床分析

目的总结心房粘液瘤的临床特点、手术效果和治疗难点。 方法回顾性分析2001年5月至2011年11月昆明医科大学第二附属医院收治的36例心房粘液瘤患者的临床资料。其中男9例、女27例，年龄26～57（43.0±7.6）岁，病程1～18个月。左心房粘液瘤33例，右心房粘液瘤2例，双心房粘液瘤1例。 结果术前巨大左心房粘液瘤死亡1例，体外循环下手术治疗35例，无手术死亡病例，无术后相关并发症，随访4个月至7年，无术后复发病例。 结论心房粘液瘤病情进展迅速，诊断明确后应积极手术治疗。对瘤体大、位置特殊的病例，操作尤须仔细、规范，以减少术后并发症的发生和复发。

Investigation and analysis of difficulties in nosocomial infection management in medical institutions of Shanghai

Objective To investigate and analyze the difficulties of nosocomial infection management in different-level medical institutions in Shanghai, and to provide scientific basis for improving the level of nosocomial infection management. Methods A questionnaire was designed to include 10 difficulties in nosocomial infection management such as professional title promotion, salary, and personnel allocation. In October 2023, the Shanghai Nosocomial Infection Quality Control Center, in collaboration with the Shanghai Hospital Association, conducted a questionnaire survey among the heads of nosocomial infection management departments in medical institutions in Shanghai. The scores of difficulties were analyzed by stratification according to hospital level, allocation and changes of full-time personnel. Results A total of 548 questionnaires were distributed, and 530 valid questionnaires were retrieved, with a recovery rate of 96.72%. There were 55 public tertiary, 93 public secondary, 169 public primary and 213 social medical institutions. The rates of full-time personnel allocation meeting standards were 76.36% (42/55), 72.04% (67/93), 31.95% (54/169), and 21.60% (46/213), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the rates of full-time personnel allocation meeting standards among different levels of medical institutions (χ2=105.149, P<0.001). There was no statistical difference in the total scores of nosocomial infection management difficulties among different-level medical institutions (F=1.657, P=0.176). There were statistically significant differences in the scores of difficulties in professional title promotion, cumbersome daily norms and requirements, insufficient allocation of full-time personnel, and high personnel turnover (P<0.05). Conclusions The main difficulties in nosocomial management of medical institutions at all levels in Shanghai include the difficulty in career promotion, cumbersome daily norms and requirements, insufficient allocation of full-time personnel and lack of experience. In the future, medical institutions should strengthen the allocation of full-time personnel and enhance their capabilities, provide smooth promotion channels, to promote the high-quality development of nosocomial infection management ultimately.