ObjectiveTo investigate the application value of the intravenous indwelling needle in radionuclide imaging examination. MethodsA total of 120 patients underwent single photon emission computed tomography for bone and kidney dynamic imaging between October 2012 and April 2013 were randomly divided into group injected by venous indwelling needle (observagtion group) and group injected by traditional steel needle (control group), with 60 cases in each. We calculated the one-time success rate of venipuncture, the leakage rate of intravenous injection, residual radioactive dosage within the syringe and average exposure time of medical staff to radionuclide in the two groups of patients. ResultsThe one-time success rate of venipuncture in observation group was similar to that in the control group (P > 0.05). During the injection, no leakage was found in observation group, while 4 leakage in 37 patients underwent bone imaging and 3 leakage in 23 patients underwent kidney dynamic imaging in the control group were found; there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The residual radioactive dosage within the syringe in observation group was lower than that in the control group, and the exposure time of medical staff to radionuclide in observation group was also lower than that in the control group (P < 0.01). ConclusionsIntravenous indwelling needle for venous puncture can avoid leakage of radioactive imaging agent, reduce the residual radiological dosage within the syrings, increase the one-time puncture success rate and imaging resolution of dynamic scan, and improve the diagnostic accuracy and work efficiency effectively. Besides, the intravenous indwelling needle technique can reduce average exposure time of medical staff to radionuclide, acheaving the goal of optimized protection.
ObjectiveTo summarize the advances of precl inical research in xenogeneic (porcine) cell transplantation in recent years. MethodsThe literature about the precl inical research in xenogeneic (porcine) cell transplantation was analyzed and summarized. ResultsWith the application of new immunosuppressive agents and the generation of transgenic pigs, great progress has been achieved in xenogeneic transplantation of pig-derived nerve cells, islet cells, liver cells, and various types of stem cells. The survival time of xenogeneic cell (porcine) significantly prolonged, but there is still a long way to go before cl inical application. ConclusionThe source of xenogeneic (porcine) cells is abundant and the experiments are reproducible. However, how to effectively prevent rejection and prolong the survival time in the host, and avoid the spread of virus between species are still need to be solved in the future research.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and significance of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ(PPAR-γ) in human keloid. MethodsTwenty-three keloid samples were harvested from the patients undergoing keloid and auto-skin grafting operation as the experimental group (keloid group), and the residual normal skin after auto-skin grafting operation was collected as the control group. The expression of PPAR-γ protein was examined by immunohistochemistry staining in both keloid and normal skin. Referring to Shimizu immunohistochemical standard, the result was graded; the positive rate of samples and the rate of positive cells were calculated. ResultsImmunohistochemistry staining showed that PPAR-γ protein was expressed in both keloid and normal skin. In keloid, it located in the pricle cell layer, and granular layer of epidermis, and the dermal vessel; the degree of dyeing was very light. However, in normal skin, it located in the base layer of epidermis, dermal vessel walls, sweat glands and sebaceous glands; the dyeing degree was deeper. Immunohistochemical staining score in the keloid group (2.65±0.78) was significantly lower than that in the control group (3.65±1.19) (t=5.030, P=0.000). The positive rate of samples in the keloid group (52.17%, 12/23) was significantly lower than that in the control group (82.61%, 19/23) (χ2=4.847, P=0.028). The rate of positive cells was 46.04%±8.61% in the keloid group, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (59.39%±11.26%) (t=5.974, P=0.000). ConclusionCompared with normal skin, the expression of PPAR-γ protein in keloid is down-regulated in in human keloid, indicating that PPAR-γ may be related to the formation of keloid.
A critical shortage of donor organs raises a question of needs for alternative organ sources for regenerative medicine. Over the last decade, three-dimensional (3D) culture has become a new approach for organ regeneration. The 3D culture takes significant advantages of cells spatial relationships between multiple cellular types and surrounding matrices of dynamic cellular interactions, which plays a key role in structural self-formation of complex organ buds. Here we present major classic cases of 3D culture organ regeneration to show how it works, and then we try to find the way of future organ regeneration.
Objective To analyze chemical drugs included in the National Essential Medicines List (EML) of China, to provide reference on how to improve the selection criteria and strengthen management and supply of essential medicines. Methods Dosage form, specification and manufacturers of 201 kinds of chemical drugs included in the EML were retrieved through SFDA website, data collection and analysis were conducted using Excel software. Results Domestic chemical drugs in EML involved 24 kinds of dosage forms, 644 kinds of specifications, 37 854 kinds of drugs for sales, and 2 908 manufacturers. Imported chemical drugs in EML involved 12 kinds of dosage forms, 43 kinds of specifications, 113 kinds of drugs for sales, and 53 manufacturers. Included drugs were primarily normal dosage forms while chemical drugs had many different specifications. Medicines duplication in production was serious and the distribution in market was unbalanced. The sole and exclusive dosage form variety lacked of effective evidence. Selection mechanism and reevaluation needed to be developed. Conclusion It is suggested to include drug specification in EML, and refer to spectrum of diseases for detailed selection mechanism of essential drugs, reevaluation of the listed drugs and formulate strict drug bidding rules so as to optimize EML.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of combined three operations (rotated total upper eyelid skin flap, construction of double eyelid, and "Z" flap epicanthal plasty) for one stage defect repair after resection of xanthelasma palpebrarum with epicanthus. MethodsBetween December 2013 and December 2015, 12 female patients with large xanthelasma palpebrarum and epicanthus underwent rotated total upper eyelid skin flap, construction of double eyelid, and "Z" flap epicanthal plasty for one stage defect repair. The age ranged from 36 to 59 years (mean, 43 years). The course of disease was 3 to 16 years, with an average of 11 years. The initial resection was performed in 6 cases, second resection of residual xanthelasma palpebrarum in 4 cases, and 2 cases had recurrence after resection. The maximum diameter of xanthelasma palpebrarum was 0.5-1.3 cm (mean, 1.0 cm). According to CHE Junmin et al criterion, epicanthus was rated as mild in 7 cases, moderate in 3 cases, and severe in 2 cases. The blood lipid level was in normal range. ResultsPrimary healing of incision was obtained, and the flaps survived in all patients; no complication occurred. Scar hyperplasia was found in 4 cases at 1 month after operation, and the comprehensive treatment of scar was performed. All patients were followed up for 3 months to 2 years, with an average of 1.5 years. Double eyelid effects were good, and no xanthelasma palpebrarum recurred. ConclusionA combination of rotated total upper eyelid skin flap, construction of double eyelid, and "Z" flap epicanthal plasty is an effective operative procedure to repair defect after resection of xanthelasma palpebrarum with epicanthus; and better curve of double eyelid, better shape of endocanthion, and less tension of flap can be got.