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腹腔镜下骶前囊肿切除体会(附1例报道)

Laparoscopic Surgical Treatment of Primary Retroperitoneal Tumor (Report of 12 Cases)

目的探讨原发性腹膜后肿瘤行腹腔镜手术的安全性和疗效。 方法回顾性分析新疆医科大学第二附属医院普外科2008年4月至2013年4月期间行腹腔镜手术治疗的12例原发性腹膜后肿瘤患者的临床资料。 结果12例患者均行腹腔镜手术，其中1例中转开腹手术，其余行腹腔镜手术成功。平均手术时间190 min，术中平均出血300 mL，术后平均8.5 d出院。术后左下肢深静脉血栓形成1例，经保守治疗好转。围手术期无死亡患者。术后病理类型：良性肿瘤5例，其中神经鞘瘤1例，脂肪瘤1例，腹膜后囊肿2例，畸胎瘤1例；恶性肿瘤7例，其中纤维肉瘤2例，平滑肌肉瘤1例，恶性淋巴瘤2例，脂肪肉瘤2例。良性肿瘤平均直径8.1 cm，恶性肿瘤平均直径5.6 cm。随访7例恶性肿瘤患者，平均随访时间13个月，无复发及转移。 结论通过本组有限的病例资料初步得出，原发性腹膜后肿瘤的诊断主要依靠影像学检查。对于肿瘤直径≤10 cm的良性肿瘤或直径≤6 cm的恶性肿瘤且未侵犯主要血管者行腹腔镜手术治疗安全、可行。

Clinical Study for Patients with Cholecystolithiasis and Extrahepatic Bile Duct Stones by Laparoscopic Treatment

目的比较腹腔镜胆囊切除联合胆总管探查术（LC＋LCBDE）与内镜下Oddi括约肌切开取石联合腹腔镜胆囊切除术（EST＋LC）治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石的临床疗效。 方法回顾性分析45例行LC＋LCBDE及60例行EST＋LC患者的临床资料，观察2组在单次结石清除率、中转手术率、手术并发症、住院时间等指标方面的效果。 结果2组患者的基线资料相近，无手术死亡病例；2组术后并发症发生情况的差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；LC＋LCBDE组单次治疗成功率高于EST＋LC组，而住院时间及中转手术率则短于或低于EST＋LC组（P＜0.05）。 结论LC＋LCBDE是治疗胆囊结石合并肝外胆管结石患者安全有效的方法。

Effects of CO2 Pneumoperitoneum and Posture on Circulation Function for Elderly Patients with Rectal Cancer During Laparoscopic Operation

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of CO2 pneumoperitoneum and posture on circulation function for elderly patients with rectal cancer during laparoscopic operation. MethodsRetrospective analysis of clinical data of 48 elderly patients with rectal cancer was performed, and the data included the heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output (CO), cardiac index (CI), central venous pressure (CVP), pH, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) at before anesthesia (T1), after anesthesia (T2), after the establishment of CO2 pneumoperitoneum (T3), placement in trendelenburg position after operation (T4), 30 minutes after operation (T5), 60 minutes after operation (T6), 90 minutes after operation (T7), and 120 minutes after operation (T8). ResultsThe levels of HR, SBP, DBP, MAP, CO, CI, pH, PaO2, and PaCO2 at 8 time points didn't statistically differed with each other (P>0.05), but the levels of CVP at T7 and T8 time point were significantly higher than those of T1 and T2 time point (P<0.05). ConclusionsDuring laparoscopic operation period for the elderly patients with rectal cancer, the CVP will gradually increase. If the preoperative assessment and administration are done well during peri-operation period, laparoscopic operation is safe for the elderly patients with rectal cancer.

Experience in Treatment for Recurrent Hepatic Cystic Echinococcosis with External Capsule Resection Operation(Report of 15 Cases)

目的探讨外囊切除术治疗复发性肝囊型包虫病的疗效。 方法回顾性分析并总结2008年1月至2013年3月期间行外囊切除术治疗复发性肝囊型包虫病15例患者的临床资料。 结果腹部增强CT提示15例患者均有残腔。右上腹及腰背部疼痛不适者13例，有黄疸症状者3例，有间断发热者9例。带腹腔引流管10例。15例患者均成功行外囊切除手术，其中1例患者因外囊壁与下腔静脉粘连致密而行外囊次全切除术。平均手术时间为145 min（90～190 min），术中平均出血量为200 mL（50～600 mL），术后平均住院时间为20 d（12～30 d）。所有患者术中均未输血。围手术期发生并发症5例，均经保守治疗治愈。术后随访6个月～5年（平均20个月），均无残腔残留、复发及其他并发症。 结论外囊切除术治疗复发性肝囊型包虫病安全、可行，解决了传统的内囊摘除术后胆汁漏、残腔感染及复发的问题。