骨化性气管支气管病( tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica,TPO 或TO) , 是一种罕见的气管内膜系统的良性病变, 主要以气管和主支气管黏膜下多发性骨和软骨组织结节状增生为特征, 通常引起气道狭窄[ 1] 。大多数患者没有临床症状, 因此易被误诊和漏诊。本文将TO 的临床特征做一综述, 以提高对该病的认识。
Objective To investigate the manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchopathia osteochondroplastica ( TO) . Methods Two cases of TO were described and 76 cases in the medical literature after 2000 were reviewed. Results TO usually manifests in adults, and affects both genders. The clinical presentation of TO is nonspecific. Bronchoscopy remains the gold standard for diagnosing this condition. Hard sessile nodules arising from the anterior and lateral walls of the airway,typically sparing the posterior membrane, are classic appearance that can be easily recognized. The CT scan is more sensitive and specific, which plays an important role in the diagnosis of TO. Bronchial biopsies disclose the abnormal presence of cartilage and bone tissue in the bronchial submucosa. To date there is nospecific treatment for the disease. Only a minority of cases develop into significant upper airway obstruction and require invasive procedures to remove or bypass the obstacle on affected airways. Conclusions TO is a stable or slowly progressive benign disease. Chest computed tomography and fiberoptic bronchoscopy are thebest diagnostic procedures to identify TO.