【摘要】 目的 探讨后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石的临床疗效和体会。 方法 对2005年1月-2009年12月收治的45例输尿管结石患者经后腹腔镜切开取石的临床资料进行回顾性分析。其中男27例，女18例；左侧20例，右侧25例；结石直径6～14 mm。 结果 45例输尿管结石患者经后腹腔镜切开取石顺利，手术时间55～170 min，平均（95.3±19.1） min，出血量20～60 mL，平均45.3 mL，住院时间4～8 d，平均5.7 d。术后无感染，随访12个月，未见复发。 结论 经后腹腔镜输尿管切开取石安全，有效，创伤小，术后恢复快。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy. Methods From January 2005 to December 2009, the clinical data of 45 patients with ureteral stone undergoing retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 45 patients, 27 were males and 18 were females, who age ranged from 31 to 59 years with a mean of (41.8±4.6) years. Twenty patients had left ureteral stone and 25 had right ureteral stone. The diameter of stone ranged from 6 to 14 mm. Results All the operations were successfully performed. The operative duration was 55-170 minutes with a mean of (95.3±19.1) minutes. The operative blood loss was 20-60 mL with a mean of (45.3±12.4) mL. The postoperative hospitalization was 4-8 days with a mean of 5.7 days. No postoperative infection was found. Conclusion Retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy is safe, effective, micro-invasive and easy to recovery for ureteral stone.