Objective To validate the advantage of repairing bone defect by staphylococcus aureus injection carried in collagen membrane. Methods Twentyfour adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into two groups randomly. After the experimental model of standard bone defect had been made by operation, collagen membrane/staphylococcus aureus injection and staphylococcus aureus injection with the same quantity were transplanted in bone defect areas of the two groups respectively. The reconstructed tissues were observed by general method, X-ray, histology, and immunohistochemistry at 2nd、4th、6th、8th week respectively. Results The experimental group showed that new bone proliferated distinctly in bone defect areaand the proliferation lasted long, and no excessive connective tissue in defectarea. X-ray observation showed that there was continual callus growth in transplantation area in early stage and the distribution of new bones was even in the group. Histological observation showed that there were many new bone growth centers in bone defect area, trabecular bones were sequentially distributed, and mature bone replacement was complete. Immunohistochemical examination showed that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) could be seen for a long time and BMP took up a large part in the new bone tissues. Conclusion Collagen membrane could prevent parenchyma from penetrating into bone defect area and provide room for new bone growth. As the carrier of staphylococcus, collagen membrane could reduce the overflow of staphylococcus and improve its curative effect as well.