Objective To review recent advance in the research and appl ication of computer aided forming techniques for constructing bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Methods The l iterature concerning computer aided forming techniques for constructing bone tissue engineering scaffolds in recent years was reviewed extensively and summarized Results Several studies over last decade have focused on computer aided forming techniques for bone scaffold construction using various scaffold materials, which is based on computer aided design (CAD) and bone scaffold rapid prototyping (RP). CAD include medical CAD, STL, and reverse design. Reverse design can fully simulate normal bone tissue and could be very useful for the CAD. RP techniques include fused deposition model ing, three dimensional printing, selected laser sintering, three dimensional bioplotting, and low-temperature deposition manufacturing. These techniques provide a new way to construct bone tissue engineering scaffolds with complex internal structures. Conclusion With rapid development of molding and forming techniques, computer aided forming techniques are expected to provide ideal bone tissue engineering scaffolds.
Objective To review the research progress of design of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures. Methods The related literature on the study of bone scaffolds with different single cell structures at home and abroad in recent years was extensively reviewed, and the research progress was summarized. ResultsThe single cell structure of bone scaffold can be divided into regular cell structure, irregular cell structure, cell structure designed based on topology optimization theory, and cell structure designed based on triply periodic minimal surface. Different single cell structures have different structural morphology and geometric characteristics, and the selection of single cell structure directly determines the mechanical properties and biological properties of bone scaffold. It is very important to choose a reasonable cell structure for bone scaffold to replace the original bone tissue. Conclusion Bone scaffolds have been widely studied, but there are many kinds of bone scaffolds at present, and the optimization of single cell structure should be considered comprehensively, which is helpful to develop bone scaffolds with excellent performance and provide effective support for bone tissue.