【摘要】 目的 探讨超声动态观察流行性腮腺炎合并睾丸炎的诊断和预后价值。 方法 回顾性分析2008年10月-2010年12月53例流行性腮腺炎合并睾丸炎治疗前后的声像图特征和临床治疗效果。 结果 全部患者均有腮腺、颌下腺、睾丸、附睾不同程度长大，而腮腺、颌下腺以单侧长大为主，睾丸及附睾长大多以单侧为主；53例腮腺炎合并睾丸炎经临床治疗15~20 d后，腮腺、睾丸肿痛及自觉症状消失，声像图恢复正常40例，声像图基本恢复正常13例。治疗出院后全部患者均获得远期超声观察随访，分别于出院后3~4个月及4~6个月观察声像图均为正常。 结论 超声动态观察流行性腮腺炎合并睾丸炎在治疗前后声像图的改变对其诊断和预后有重要的价值。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of ultrasonic inspection on epidemic parotitis accompanied by orchitis through observing ultrasonic image changes of the disease before and after treatment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonographic features before and after treatment, and the clinical treatment results of 53 patients with epidemic parotitis accompanied by orchitis between October 2008 and December 2010. Results All patients had different level of increment in their parotid gland, submaxillay gland, testicle or epididymis. Most cases of the increment occurred to unilateral parotid gland and submaxillay gland on the same side, as well as unilateral testicle and unilateral epididymis. After clinical treatment for 15 to 20 days, parotid and testicular swelling and pain, and self-conscious symptoms disappeared. Forty patients returned to normal ultrasonic image, and the ultrasonic images of 13 other patients resumed normal basically. After being discharged, all patients were followed up and ultrasound observation was carried out which showed that 3 to 4 months or 4 to 6 months later, all ultrasonic images were normal. Conclusion Ultrasound dynamic observations before and after treatment have important values to the diagnosis and prognosis of epidemic parotitis accompanied by orchitis.