ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of glutamineenhanced enteral nutritional support on elder patients after total gastrectomy. MethodsA total of eightyfour cases of elder patients receiving total gastrectomy were included in this study from February 2008 to August 2010. The patients were randomly divided into three groups: glutamineenhanced enteral nutrition (Gln) group, enteral nutrition (EN) group and parenteral nutrition (PN) group. The complications and hospital stay after operation were compared, and the levels of serum total protein, albumin, proalbumin， and transferrin of patients were measured before operation, on 2 d and 10 d after operation, respectively. Furthermore, the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 ratio， and the levels of serum IgM and IgG of patients in peripheral blood before and after operation were detected. ResultsNutritional therapy was successfully performed in patients of three groups. The anal exhaust time and hospital stay after operation of patients in Gln group and EN group were significantly lower than those in PN group (Plt;0.05). The difference of postoperative complications and digestive tract symptoms of patients in three groups was not obvious (Plt;0.05). Anastomotic fistula occurred in one patient of PN group on 6 d after operation and was cured by conservative treatment for 54 d. The difference of total protein, albumin, proalbumin, and transferrin levels of patients in three groups before operation was not significant (Pgt;0.05), and these indexes fell dramatically on 2 d after operation and lower than before operation (Plt;0.05), although the intergroup difference was not statistically significant (Pgt;0.05). On 10 d after operation, all indexes recovered in different extent, while those data in Gln group and EN group were significantly higher than those on 2 d after operation (Plt;0.05). The levels of total protein, albumin, and proalbumin of patients in Gln group and EN group were markedly higher than those in PN group (Plt;0.05), although there was no difference between the former groups (Pgt;0.05). The difference of several immunological parameters of patients in three groups before operation was not significant (Pgt;0.05). On 10 d after operation, the percentage of CD4 and CD8 T cells, CD4/CD8 ratio, and the levels of serum IgM and IgG of patients in Gln group returned and even exceeded the preoperative results, which were significantly higher than those in EN group and PN group other than IgM (Plt;0.05). The postoperative results of all parameters except IgG in EN group were significantly lower than preoperative results in patients of EN group and PN group (Plt;0.05). ConclusionsIt is safe and feasible to elder patients who had received total gastrectomy and perioperative glutamine-enhanced nutritional support, which can improve nutrition and immune status, promote the recovery and reduce the duration of hospital stay, and nutritiional support after total gastrectomy is one of the optimal choices for these patients.
Objective To investigate the influence of different pressures and duration of CO2 pneumoperitoneum on the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells based on the expressions of adhesive and invasive molecules. Methods With an artificial CO2 pneumoperitoneum model in vitro, human gastric cancer cell lines including MKN-45, SGC-7901, and MKN-28 were exposed to CO2 in different environments: 0 mm Hg （1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）, 9 mm Hg （2 h, 4 h）, and 15 mm Hg （2 h, 4 h）. The expressions of mRNA of E-cadherin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) in the different environments were measured by RT-PCR. The expressions of protein of E-cadherin and ICAM-1 in the environments of 0 mm Hg and 15 mm Hg （4 h） were measured by FCM. Results With the increase of duration or pressure, RT-PCR showed that there was a downward trend in the expression of E-cadherin mRNA as well as there were upward trends in the expressions of ICAM-1, MMP-2, and VEGF-A mRNA; FCM showed that there was a downward trend in the expression of E-cadherin protein while the expression of ICAM-1 protein showed the opposite change. But there were no obvious differences under different environment (P＞0.05). Conclusions Under low pressure (≤15 mm Hg) and short time (≤4 h) of CO2 pneumoperitoneum, the adhesive and invasive ability of gastric cancer cells could not be affected, which means that under this environment, CO2 pneumoperitoneum will not increase the possibility of neoplasm metastasis.
Objective To review the advance of gene diagnosis and gene therapy on gastric cancer. Methods Literatures about the advance of gene diagnosis and therapy on gastric cancer were reviewed. Results Detection of tumor marker by gene technique is important for early diagnosis, follow-up and therapy evaluation of gastric cancer in clinic. But there are still many problems in gene therapy of gastric cancer. Conclusion Gene detection and gene therapy will become important supplementary means for diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo evaluate the role of MRA, IPVG and DUS in the hemodynamics studies of portal hypertension. MethodsThirtyeight patients with portal hypertension were examined with Philips Gyroscan 1.0 Tesla MR imaging system. 3DDCE MRA and 2DPC MR were used for study of portal venous anatomy and its hemodynamics. The results were compared with those obtained from IPVG and DUS. Results3DDCE MRA could clearly display the anatomical imaging of portal venous system and its imaging quality was better than that of IPVG. The data of hemodynamics from 2DPC MR including diameter, blood velocity and blood flow were closely correlated to those from DUS. ConclusionAs a noninvasive technique, MRA can display the anatomy of portal venous system and measure its hemodynamics exactly. It should be applied as the first choice in hemodynamics evaluation for portal hypertension.
In recent years, wearable devices grew up gradually and developed increasingly. Aiming at the problems of skin sensibility and the change of electrode impedance of Ag/AgCl electrode in the process of long-term electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring and acquisition, this paper discussed in detail a new sensor technology–fabric electrode, which is used for ECG signal acquisition. First, the concept and advantages of fabric electrode were introduced, and then the common substrate materials and conductive materials for fabric electrode were discussed and evaluated. Next, we analyzed the advantages and disadvantages from the aspect of textile structure, putting forward the evaluation system of fabric electrode. Finally, the deficiencies of fabric electrode were analyzed, and the development prospects and directions were prospected.
ObjectiveTo assess the outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted surgery for treatment of advanced gastric cancer.MethodsA total of 115 patients with advanced gastric cancer were included between January 2014 and December 2018 were analyzed retroprospectively, the patients were divided into two groups: open surgery group (OS group, n=63) and laparoscopy-assisted surgery group (LAS group, n=52). Baseline characteristics, intraoperative parameters and postoperative items, and long-term efficacy were compared between the two groups.ResultsThere was no significant difference in preoperative baseline data including gender, age and preoperative serum parameters between the two groups (P>0.05). Intraoperative blood loss in the LAS group was significantly less than that in the OS group (P<0.05). In addition, the first feeding time after operation and postoperative hospital stay in the LAS group were significantly shorter than the OS group (P<0.05). Furthermore, numbers of white blood cells and neutrophils in the LAS group were fewer than that in the OS group at postoperative 2 days (P<0.05); the level of serum albumin in the LAS group was higher than that OS group (P<0.05). The number of lymph nodes detected during operation in the LAS group was more than that in the OS group (P<0.05). Operative time and occurrence of postoperative complications were not statistically significant between the two groups (P>0.05). One hundred and ten of 115 patients were followed- up, the follow-up rate was 95.7%. The follow-up time ranged from 6 to 48 months, with a median follow-up time of 12.4 months. The disease-free survival time of the OS group was 12.2±6.5 months, while that of the LAS group was 13.5±7.4 months. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).ConclusionsLaparoscopic technique in treatment of advanced gastric cancer has the minimally invasive advantage, less intraoperative blood loss, less surgical trauma, and faster postoperative recovery in comparing to the traditional open surgery. Also the lymph node dissection is superior to open surgery. The curative effect is comparable to that of open surgery.
Breast cancer is a malignancy caused by the abnormal proliferation of breast epithelial cells, predominantly affecting female patients, and it is commonly diagnosed using histopathological images. Currently, deep learning techniques have made significant breakthroughs in medical image processing, outperforming traditional detection methods in breast cancer pathology classification tasks. This paper first reviewed the advances in applying deep learning to breast pathology images, focusing on three key areas: multi-scale feature extraction, cellular feature analysis, and classification. Next, it summarized the advantages of multimodal data fusion methods for breast pathology images. Finally, the study discussed the challenges and future prospects of deep learning in breast cancer pathology image diagnosis, providing important guidance for advancing the use of deep learning in breast diagnosis.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of early enteral nutrition (EEN) support in the perioperative period of children with perforated appendicitis based on the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS). MethodsThe children with perforated appendicitis were collected as an observation group, who underwent EEN support treatment based on the ERAS mode from January 2021 to December 2022 in the Xuzhou Children’s Hospital. At the same time, the children with perforated appendicitis received conventional nutrition support from January 2019 to December 2020 were matched as a control group according to the principle of balanced and comparable baseline data such as the gender, age, disease course, pathological type, and body mass index with the observation group. The time of first exhaust or defecation and the hospital stay after surgery were compared. Meanwhile, the nutritional indexes [prealbumin (PA), albumin (ALB), hemoglobin (Hb)], immune indexes [immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgM, IgG], serum inflammatory factors [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)] before surgery, on day 1 and 7 after surgery were compared. And the adverse effects were observed. ResultsThere were 40 children with perforated appendicitis in the observation group and the control group, respectively. There were no statistical differences in the baseline data such as the gender, age, course of disease, pathological type, and body mass index between the two groups (P>0.05). The time of first exhaust or defecation and the hospital stay after surgery in the observation group were shorter than in the control group (t=3.234, P=0.002; t=5.582, P<0.001). The levels of PA, ALB, Hb, IgA, IgM, and IgG in the observation group were higher than in the control group on day 7 after surgery (P<0.05). The levels of CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α in the observation group were lower than in the control group on day 7 after surgery (P<0.05）. The incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was lower than that in the control group [5.0% (2/40) vs. 22.5% (9/40), χ2=5.165, P=0.023]. ConclusionsFrom on the results of this study, EEN support based on ERAS during perioperative period of children with perforated appendicitis contributes to recover gastrointestinal function, correct nutritional status, improve immune function, and reduce inflammation, and which has a higher safety for children with perforated appendicitis.
ObjectiveTo analyze the feasibility, advantages and disadvantages of the fluorescence method and the inflation-deflation method in defining the intersegmental plane during thoracoscopic lung segmental resection.MethodsFrom February to October 2018, 60 patients underwent thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy in Thoracic Surgery Department of Nanjing Chest Hospital, with 28 males and 32 females, aged from 25 to 82 years. Three-dimension computed tomography bronchography and angiography was used to reconstruct pulmonary vessels, bronchus and virtual intersegmental plane. Among them, 20 patients used the fluorescence method to define the intersegmental plane, and the other 40 patients used the traditional inflation-deflation method to define the intersegmental plane.ResultsFluorescent injection of indocyanine green (ICG) showed a clear intersegmental line with a duration sufficient to complete the label. With the fluorescence method, the intersegmental plane occurrence time was significantly shortened (10.75±3.78 s vs. 988.00±314.24 s, P<0.001) and had satisfactory repeatability. The lungs did not need to be inflated, which was convenient for the operation. And the operation time was shortened (108.75±31.28 min vs 138.00±32.47 min, P=0.002). No obvious ICG injection-related concurrency symptoms was found.ConclusionCompared with the traditional inflation-deflation method, the fluorescence method can display the intersegmental line quickly, accurately and clearly, reduce the difficulty of surgery, shorten the operation time, and provide reliable technical support for thoracoscopic anatomical segmentectomy. The fluorescence is a safe and effective method that is worthy of clinical application.
Human motion recognition (HAR) is the technological base of intelligent medical treatment, sports training, video monitoring and many other fields, and it has been widely concerned by all walks of life. This paper summarized the progress and significance of HAR research, which includes two processes: action capture and action classification based on deep learning. Firstly, the paper introduced in detail three mainstream methods of action capture: video-based, depth camera-based and inertial sensor-based. The commonly used action data sets were also listed. Secondly, the realization of HAR based on deep learning was described in two aspects, including automatic feature extraction and multi-modal feature fusion. The realization of training monitoring and simulative training with HAR in orthopedic rehabilitation training was also introduced. Finally, it discussed precise motion capture and multi-modal feature fusion of HAR, as well as the key points and difficulties of HAR application in orthopedic rehabilitation training. This article summarized the above contents to quickly guide researchers to understand the current status of HAR research and its application in orthopedic rehabilitation training.