Objective To sum up the research advances of the seed cell and the culture system using in tissue engineering cartilage. Methods The recent original articles about the seed cell and the culture system in tissue engineering cartilage were extensively reviewed. Results At present, autologous or homologous cells is still major seed cell and the three dimensional culture system is also major system for tissue engineering cartilage. Conclusion The source of seed cell for tissue engineering cartilage. Conclusion The source of seed cell for tissue engineering cartilage should be further explored, and the culture system need to be improved and developed.
Clinical trial, an important research method, plays a crucial role in the development of medicine. It provides important decision support for medical workers. Medical research proposal should be posted at clinical trial registries. Researchers should update original data and research results, which contributes to data sharing. Clinical trial registration can avoid repetitive research and make clinical trials more transparent and standardized. This paper briefly introduces the clinical trial registration, including the definition, the significance, the history, the scope of registration, the organization of registration, and some common problems in the process of registration. Taking the application of clinical trial registration in the field of neurological research as an example, the article describes the current application status of clinical trial registration and explores it’s value and deficiency in specific clinical research, to provoke the awareness on trial registration, which can help to improve the quality of clinical trials.
Objective To investigate time differences in directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into nucleus pulposus-like cells (NPCs) in a non contact co-culture system so as to search for the best time for transplantation in vivo. Methods Six New Zealand white rabbits (aged 6 weeks, weighing 1.5-2.0 kg) were selected. BMSCs were collected and cultured for immunocytochemistry identification of CD34, CD44, CD45, and CD90; NPCs were isolated and identified immunocytochemically by RT-PCR. The 2nd passage BMSCs and the primary NPCs were co-cultured in a non contact co-culture system. The cell morphological changes were observed and the cell growth curves were made at 1, 3, and 5 passages after co-culture. The expressions of the aggrecan and collagen type II genes were detected by RT-PCR in BMSCs at 5, 10, and 15 days after co-culture; the expressions of the aggrecan and collagen type II proteins were detected by Western blot at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days after co-culture. Results The expressions of CD44 and CD90 were positive, CD34 and CD45 were negative in BMSCs. The expressions of the collagen type II and aggrecan were positive in NPCs. At 2 weeks after co-culture, the morphology of BMSCs changed obviously, the cells were polygonal and irregular shape. The cell growth rate showed no difference within 3 passages, but decreased obviously after 3 passages. RT-PCR showed that the expressions of collagen type II and aggrecan genes at 10 and 15 days were significantly higher than those at 5 days (P lt; 0.05), no significant difference was found between at 10 days and at 15 days (P gt; 0.05). Western blot showed that the expressions of collagen type II and aggrecan proteins gradually increased with time, and there was significant difference within 5, 10, and 15 days (P lt; 0.05), but no significant difference was found after 15 days of co-culture (P gt; 0.05). Conclusion In a non contact co-culture system, BMSCs can differentiate into the NPCs. The expression of collagen type II and aggrecan can reach a stable level at 15 days after co-culture, and it is the suitable time for transplantation in vivo.
Objective To systematically review the health state utility values in patients with schizophrenia, and to provide references for subsequent studies on the health economics of schizophrenia. Methods The PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP databases were searched from inception to December 1st, 2021 to collect studies on health state utility values in patients with schizophrenia. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed by Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 19 studies were included. Patients’ utility values were 0.68 (95%CI 0.59 to 0.77) for direct measures, and 0.77 (95%CI 0.75 to 0.80) and 0.66 (95%CI 0.61 to 0.70) for indirect measures with the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-5D-3L as the primary scales. Utility values varied with measures, tariffs, regions, and populations. Conclusion Studies on health state utility value in schizophrenia are diversified in measurement methods, showing high inter-study heterogeneity. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the study on utility value measurement in schizophrenia in China.
Objective To explore the condition and quality of domestic clinical therapeutic studies on integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for posthepatitic cirrhosis in recent 30 years. Methods Jadad scale was used to score 121 literatures selected from January 1980 to January 2010 in periodicals of domestic authoritative resources databases, such as CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, and CBM. Systematic reviews were conducted to 39 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) literatures of treating posthepatitic cirrhosis with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine scored two or more points. Results In 30 years, the main problems existing in domestic posthepatitic cirrhosis clinical research of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were as follows: the design of clinical RCTs was not strict enough; there was deficiency in the use of blind method; the standardized and uniformed research standard were insufficiency; the sample content was low without specific estimation methods; there was lack of analyses in compliance with cases falling off or without follow-up; and the report of adverse reaction and the quality of life research was neglected. Conclusion Posthepatitic cirrhosis therapy of integrated traditional Chinese and western medical is of “personalized” and “diversified” characteristics. Its therapeutic effects are significantly better than those of pure western medicine and worthy to be popularized in the clinic. However, the quality and level of its clinical scientific research methods still need further improvement.
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of repairing the whole layer defects of tibial plateau by implanting tissue-engineering cartilage. METHODS: The chondrocytes of 2-week-old rabbits were cultured and transferred to the 3rd generation, and mixed with human placenta collagen-sponge. The whole layer defects of tibial plateau in adult rabbits were repaired by the tissue-engineering cartilage in the experimental group; the defects were left un-repaired in control group. The repair results of defects were observed after 4, 12 and 24 weeks. RESULTS: In experimental group, no obvious new cartilage formation was seen 4 weeks after operation; some new cartilage formation was found after 12 weeks. Histological observation showed that chondrocytes had irregular edge, honeycombing structure and that cartilage cavities formed around the chondrocytes. After 24 weeks, obvious new cartilage formation was found with smooth surface, and linked with the tissues around it, but the defect was not repaired completely; histological results showed that cartilage cavities formed and that cartilage matrix was stained positively for toluidine blue. In control group, the defect was not repaired. CONCLUSION: The tissue-engineering cartilage can repair the defects of the whole layer cartilage of tibial plateau in rabbits, it is feasible to repair the whole layer cartilage defects of tibial plateau by this method.
Spine is a common site of metastasis in patients with malignant tumors, and tumor metastasis to the spine can lead to pain, pathological fractures, and nerve compression. In order to optimize the diagnosis and management of patients with spinal metastases and metastatic spinal cord compression (MSCC), the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK proposed the first diagnostic and treatment guidelines for patients with MSCC (or at risk of MSCC) in 2008. In recent years, with the rapid advancement of spinal surgery and radiotherapy technology, the standardized process of MSCC diagnosis and treatment urgently needs to be updated. In 2023, NICE launched new guidelines for spinal metastases and MSCC. Based on a thorough study of the guidelines, this article discusses and interprets pain management, corticosteroid treatment, application of bisphosphonates and denosumab, tools for assessing spinal stability and prognosis, radiation therapy, surgical timing and approach, etc., providing reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment in China.
In the new era of development, countries in the world have realized the importance of cultivating interdisciplinary and innovative talents, and China is also paying more and more attention to the cultivation of medicine-engineering talents. Compared with the cultivation of single discipline postgraduates, the cultivation of medicine-engineering postgraduates involves effective integration of multiple disciplines, and its cultivation difficulty is greater. At present, China is still in the exploration stage of the medicine-engineering postgraduates training model. Therefore, this article intends to summarize the relatively mature and advanced medicine-engineering postgraduates training models at home and abroad, and extract experiences that are in line with China’s actual development, providing some suggestions for the establishment of postgraduates training systems of medicine-engineering interdisciplinary in China.
Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of different wavelength krypton lasers on diabetic retinopathy. Methods A total of 55 eyes (35 cases) with diabetic retinopathy underwent different wavelength k rypton lasers photocoagulation treatment, according to the different manifestati on of the affected eyes. The visual acuity, intraocular pressure，visual field,visual evoked potential were examined, and slit-lamp, ophthalmoscopy, Bultraso nography, and fundus fluorescein angiography were performed preoperatively. The patients were followed up for at least 12 months after krypton laser treatment. Results The resulting effect on visual acuity after 12 months of photocoagulation in this series revealed that, 20 eyes (36.4%) i mproved, 34 eyes (61.8%) remained no change, and one eye (1.8%) decreased. Conclusions Different wavelength krypton lasers photoco agulation can be used in treatment of diabetic retinopathy and can improve the visual acuity at certain extent. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:178-180)
Objective To evaluate the primary cl inical results of double-bundle anterior cruciate l igament reconstruction (ACLR) with semitendinosus allografts. Methods From March 2006 to October 2006, 33 patients underwent double-bundle ACLR with semitendinosus allografts. The complete followed-up data of 31 patients was analyzed retrospectively. There were 24 males and 7 females aged 18-35 years old (average 25 years old). The injury was caused by sports accidents in 23cases and traffic accidents in 8 cases, involving the left knee in 18 cases and the right knee in 13 cases. Anterior cruciate l igament rupture were confirmed by MRI and arthroscopy in all the patients, without lateral collateral l igaments injuries and posterior cruciate l igament injuries. The time from injury to operation was 1-43 months (average 11 months). The knee was fixed at 0° position after operation for 2 weeks and got knee joint rehabil itation exercises gradually. Results The incision of 2 patients showed effusion 4 and 7 days after operation, respectively, and healed after symptomatic treatment. The incision of 29 patients healed by first intention. There were no compl ications such as stiffness of knee joint, neurovascular injuries and joint infections. All the patients were followed up for 24-29 months (average 26 months). MRI displayed the anterior cruciate l igament grafts presented with good connection and signal similar to the normal 2 years after operation. There was significant difference between the preoperational value and the final follow-up value in terms of bilateral knee joint difference of prior laxity, Lachman test, and pivot shift test (P lt; 0.05 ). The circumference difference between the injured and the normal was (11.6 ± 7.9) mm before operation and (5.0 ± 3.1) mm at the final follow-up (P lt; 0.05). The Tegner score, Lysholm score, and International Knee Documentation Committee score was 3.83 ± 1.15, 64.38 ± 6.81, and 41.42 ± 6.30, respectively, before operation, and 6.29 ± 0.64, 94.45 ± 3.03, and 95.72 ± 3.10, respectively, at the final follow-up. There was a significant difference between before and after operation (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The primary cl inical results of double-bundle ACLR with semitendinosus allografts are satisfactory and the allogeneic semitendinosus are good grafts for double-bundle ACLR.